MOLECULES1. Atoms make up

_________.

ORGANELLES2. Molecules make up

___________

CELLS3. A group of organelles

make up _________

ATOMS4. ____________are the smallest units of a chemical

element.

ELEMENTS5. _______________ are substances that cannot be

broken down to simpler substances like gold.

MOLECULES

A combination of two or more atoms of two or more

different elements, for example H2O are

_____________ and can be one element O2.

1. NUCLEUS

1.1.

5.

2.

3.

4.

2. ELECTRON

3. PROTRON

4. NEUTRON

5. ELECTRON

ISOTOPES

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are

called _____________.

The three isotopes of carbon: all isotopes of an element have the same number of protons and

electrons. They vary in the number of

_______________NEUTRONS

RADIOACTIVE

Scientists have developed some useful ways to use

different isotopes in medicine because they are

________________

COMPOUND

A ____________is a substance made of atoms of two or more elements. Examples are (H2 O) or table salt (NaCl).

The properties of a compound are (different or similar) from the properties of the individual elements that make it up.

DIFFERENT

COVALENT

When atoms come together by sharing electrons the bond is a

______________ bond.

ION

A(an) __________ is a positively or negatively charged atom, like

Cl - (negatively charged) Na + (positively charged)

IONIC

Two oppositely charged ions bind together called and ___________ bond. NaCl (table salt is an example)

BROKENChemical Relations occur

when bonds are formed and ________, Chemical reactions occur inside cells. All of the chemical reactions that take place within an organism are known as that organism’s _____________

METABOLISM

Chemical Reactions

CO2 + H2O C6 H12 O6 + 02

? 1.

? 2.

? 3.

Sun

1. REACTANTS2. PRODUCTS

3. EQUILIBRIUM

MIXTURE

A ______________is a combination of

substances in which the individual components

retain their own properties.

SOLUTION

A ________________is a mixture in which one or more substances

(solutes) are distributed evenly in another substance

(solvent).

ACID

A pH of 2 is a strong (base / acid /neutral)

A pH of 7is (base / acid / neutral)

NEUTRAL

Name the ion (charged particle) associated with

Acids: ______ hydrogen ion

Bases: ______ hydroxide ion

H+

OH-

POLARSome molecules do not

share electrons equally. They form a __________ bond, an example is the water molecule.

The hydrogen is partially ___

And the oxygen is partially ___

--

+

DIFFUSION

The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Diffusion continues until there is no

____________ _________CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

OSMOSIS

What is the diffusion of water across a differentially (selectively) permeable membrane due to concentration differences.

What type of osmosis is this?

(Isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic)

Does cell shrink, expand, or stay the same?

ISOTONIC

STAYS THESAME

What type of osmosis is this?

(Isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic)

Does cell shrink, expand, or stay the same?

HYPOTONIC

EXPANDS

What type of osmosis is this?

(Isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic)

Does cell shrink, expand, or stay the same?

HYPERTONIC

SHRINKS

Isotonic

Hypotonic Hypertonic

CARBOHYDRATES

What biological molecule is used for energy and to create structures?

What are the building blocks for

carbohydrates?SIMPLE SUGARS- GLUCOSE

PHOSPHOLIPID

Name this structure.

Phospholipid

ENERGY STORAGE

Fill in the blanks;

Lipids are used by cells for

_____ ________, insulation, and

___________ coatings, such as in _____________.

PROTECTIVE

MEMBRANES

PROTEINS

___________ provide structure for tissue and organs and carry out cell metabolism and provide the body with the ability to move muscles.

ENZYMES__________, speed up reactions and are a type of protein.

DNAThere are two kinds of nucleic acids,

_______ and ________. Both are involved in the storage and flow of information from gene to gene product.

RNA

DNAWhat is this

structure?

What is the nameof the biologicalstructure?

NUCLEOTIDES

What is the cell process of taking in of large molecules?

plasmamembrane

vacuole

solute

vesicle

solute

receptorprotein

coatedvesicle

coated pit

ENDOCYTOSIS

Exocytosis

EXOCYTOSIS

What is the cell process of removing large molecules?