09/24 Primary Sources (ReRead & WRITE!)

Lecture & ChronologyOBJ: How do the Bolsheviks consolidate power bet. Oct 1917-1924?

Practical realities facing Russia in 1918?

Do Now: Quiz 10 mins then Conflicts with ideology? SKIM p 1 of – “Number 1” Source &

carefully read p. 2 demands- What do they want?- Does this conflict with Lenin’s plans?

There is no revolutionary movement out of revolutionary theory (1927)

Assess the contribution of Lenin to Feb/Oct Revolutions.

How Marxist (or Communist) was Lenin’s ideology?

How does history view Lenin?- Who’s history?

By what criteria should Lenin beAssessed?

1917February Petrograd StrikesMarch Tsar Abdicates

July Provisional GovernmentPM = Alex. Kerensky Conflict with Soviets

October Sovnarkom – Decrees (Laws!)Council of Peoples’ Commissars

November Cheka [KGB] & Red Terror

1918January Dissolution of Assembly

March Treaty Brest-Litovsk (26%)

July Execution of RomanovsBeginning – Civil War 1921

Timeline of Consolidation 1917-1918

Peace, Land & Bread March 8th Women’s March1918 Sovnarkom

Decrees (Laws!)Council of Peoples’ Commissars

Land Decree

Workers’ Control Decree

Rights of the People Decree

But also . . . Red TerrorCheka &Nullified elections Splits the Rev!

Vladimir Lenin(1870-1924)BolshevikArchitect of Russian Marxism

Leon Trotsky(1879-1940)Menshevik & Red ArmyDeported 1929; Executed

Josef Stalin(1878-1953)Secretary 1922 - 5 year Plans

Nikolai Bukharin(1888-1938)Editor of PravdaSupporter of NEPExecuted

People & the Army are One!

Impacts of Civil War 1918-1921

War Deaths - 300,000 KIA - 450,000 Disease

Executions - 250,000 (Cheka) - 100,000 (Ukranian Jews)

- by White ArmyDeportationsDecossackization - 300,000-500,000 Émigrés (White Russians) - 2 million

• Nationalization of manufacturing– Bolsheviks take over the factories

• Price controls – Prices set by Bolsheviks

• Bolsheviks control of grain (bread)– Food for most…

• Forced labor – Everybody works to win

WAR COMMUNISM

Conflicts of Ideology & Reality 1918 – 1921WW 1 Deaths &Loss of Territories

Civil War Deaths & Loss of educated elite

Industry Nonexistent incl. Agriculture

Peasants Not “ideologically” ready

War Communism Famine & resistance

Factions Provisional Govt?Breaks with SRs & other Revs. Red Terror Bolshevik Freedom – Polish Resistance 1921

Famine and Disease - 1921

3 million deaths typhus

7 million Homeless children

5 million deathsDrought & famineVolga-Urals

So what is Lenin’s reality?

Tues 9/24 HW # 9 – PRIMARY SOURCES & OPVL This is revised!o Review Lenin’s on War and Revolution from Mondayo Re-Read the “War Communism” section (in Box) from weekend

Handouto Add the Kronstadt declaration from class today OPVL all three sources / answer the following Qs. COLLECTED!

1. Compare and Contrast the evolution of the Bolshevik revolution in these 3 sources. What historical circumstances must be considered (This is your O and P).

2. Considering the origin and purpose of each –asses the value and limitation of these sources in understanding the issues surrounding and the legitimacy of the Bolshevik state.