09 26 urban mobility - michigan state university urban mobility.pdf · 46 chicago 47 washington dc...
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Urban Mobility
Our Topics
Urban mobility = automobiles!
Urban mobility
Future of Mobility 3.0
Models for change
Urban mobility = automobiles!
Urban mobility
Urban mobility considers the ease/difficulty
of moving
o individuals
o groups of people
o freight/goods
into,
out-of,
around-in an urban environment.
Urban transportation modes
o Individual people move by
foot, bike, auto, taxi, bus, train
o Groups of people move by
auto, taxi, bus, train
o Goods move by
van, truck, train, bike
Since these modes tend to operate
independently, coordination is a major challenge.
Many trade-offs are required.
Urban mobility safety challenges
Specialized services exist to provide safety.
o Police cars
o Fire engines
o Ambulances
o Auto wreckers
Challenges:
o Disaster evacuation
o Parades, marches, riots
o Sporting events, concerts
o Weather-related events, power outages
Future of Mobility 3.0 - ADLittle
Maturity: 36 points max
walking, cycling, public transport, initiatives for
improvement
Innovation: 24 points max
car-sharing penetration, e-hail services,
autonomous driving vehicles
Performance: 40 points max
efficiency, effectiveness, environmental
impact, safety
Top Ten Cities globally
Some US city rankings
Average:
28 San Francisco
38 New York 43.9
44 Boston
46 Chicago
47 Washington DC
55 Portland OR
71 Los Angeles 38.6
Below average:
77 Miami 38.2
80 Philadelphia
89 Dallas
93 Houston
99 Atlanta 28.0
Hypothetical ‘best-in-class’ city
o As affordable as Hong Kong
o Air as pure as Stockholm’s
o Cycling like Amsterdam
o As safe as Copenhagen
o Bike sharing like Brussels and Paris
o Public transport frequency like London Tube
o Car sharing like Stuttgart
o Minimum impact on environment like Wuhan
o Short travel times like Nantes
Bottom Line
Most cities are still badly equipped to cope
with the challenges ahead.
Mobility sub-systems
o Trains: local and suburban
o Busses: local and long-haul
o Taxis, limos, Uber-type
o Private cars
o Foot and bike traffic
o Parking, repair, and maintenance services
o Airports, seaports
Diverse needs must be met effectively to
implement a SUMP (sustainable urban
mobility plan). Coordination of
Models for change
o The Amazon model
o The Apple model
o The Dell model
Amazon Model
o Aggregator of third-party services
Ex. smart card for one-stop travel needs
o Has potential for ‘retro-fitting’ existing
systems
Apple Model
o Deep vertical integration of services
o Very difficult to apply because of
current state of development and
operation
o Good for brand new development
Dell Model
o Improve existing (sub-)systems
on an incremental basis
o Fits well with existing situations
o Can be integrated with an
Amazon-type approach
Mobility is a top priority for urban
economic development
o Mobility: 27 *
o Security: 9
o City management: 6
o ICT: 6
o Education: 6
Urban mobility infrastructure is the
number one priority area for cities in
attracting investors.
* Measure of relative importance
ICT: Info and Comm Technologies
Highest need for investment in cities
2007-2017
o Mobility: 86% *
o Education: 77%
o Environment: 77%
o Health: 74%
o Security: 71%
* % saying high need for investment
Mobility technology:
vehicle automation
Cars Drivers
o Google: 48 186
o Tesla: 12 18
o Mercedes: 5 13
o Volkswagen: 3 30
o Nissan: 3 18
o Bosch, Delphi, Cruise: 2 12,9,6
State of automation (Sep.2015)
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/mar/17/self-driving-cars-
california-regulation-google-uber-tesla
Mobility technology:
vehicle automation
o Google: first to
move to scale in cars and drivers
move from highway to city
build purposed vehicles
o Hi-tech venture capital
o Hi-tech engineers, roboticists
o GoMentum Station test center (state)
o Development-minded government
California leads the pack. Why?
Mobility technology:
vehicle automation
Earlier this year, a Google-branded self-driving car was
involved in its first and only at-fault accident when it hit a
public transit bus while attempting to navigate around a
sandbag in the middle of the road.
This latest incident wasn’t the autonomous car’s fault,
though. In a statement issued to 9to5Google, the
company revealed that the traffic light was green for at
least six seconds before the vehicle entered the
intersection.
Mobility technology:
vehicle automation
It then went on to add that “thousands of crashes happen
everyday on U.S. roads, and red-light running is the
leading cause of urban crashes in the U.S. Human error
plays a role in 94% of these crashes, which is why we’re
developing fully self-driving technology to make our
roads safer.”
Mobility sub-systems: financing
o Trains: local and suburban
o Busses: local and long-haul
o Taxis, limos, Uber
o Car sharing
o Bike use
o Street grid and traffic lights
o Parking
o Air travel
o Pedestrians
Which of these have a financial incentive
for improvement?
New technology could be a
game-changer
Summing up urban mobility
Urban mobility plays a critical role in
urban economic development.
It involves a large number of sub-
systems, typically ‘independent’.
Mature cities often have an existing
situation that can make steps toward
integration difficult.
Financing is a problem.
Thanks for listening with ‘joy’