062016 01 microgrids 101_iperc
TRANSCRIPT
ADVANCING THE POWER OF ENERGY
IFMA Airport Facilities Council Spring Symposium June 20, 2016
Microgrids 101
Erik Svanholm, COO
IPERC: American Energy Security
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• Founded in 2004 by Dr. Darrell Massie, PE, LT COL (RET)
• Based in Fort Montgomery, NY (West Point)
• Engineering Design Center in Longmont, CO
• Over $20 million in Department of Defense research in energy controls
• 100% of employees are U.S. citizens and over 50% have security clearances of Secret or higher
• 100% of manufacturing conducted in the U.S.
• U.S. components sourced wherever possible
Intelligent Power & Energy Research Corporation
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Microgrids: Integrated Local Power Grids
Data Center Office Office HQ Utility
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IPERC Offers Secure Microgrid Control Solutions
SAFETY RESILIENCY
EFFICIENCY SECURITY
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Why Microgrids Now: Maximizing Renewables
Photo Credit: Pew Charitable Trusts
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Why Microgrids Now: Storm Resiliency
U.S. Army photo by Spc. Joseph Davis
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Not Once in a Century, but Twice a Decade
$8 B $15 B $16 B $27 B
$68 B
$201 B
$15 B $13 B
$69 B
$13 B $13 B
$70 B
$118 B
$24 B $17 B
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Cost of Billion-Dollar Weather Events and Major Contributing Storms
Katrina
Sandy
Ivan Ike Irene
Source: NOAA data - www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/overview Photo credit: Pew Charitable Trusts
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Why Microgrids Now: Fragile Infrastructure
“…a coordinated attack could put this country in a world of hurt for a long time.”
Source: http://www.mercurynews.com/crime-courts/ci_25072628/attack-pg-e-substation-sparks-concerns-about-possible
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Why Microgrids Now: Cybersecurity
Voluntarily Reported. Source: ICS-CERT Monitor, October-December 2012; 2013; 2014; 2015
Cyber Incidents Targeting Critical Infrastructure, 2012-15
Energy 36%
Manufacturing 22%
Water 8%
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Sites Seeking Microgrids for Energy Assurance
Electric Utilities
Municipalities Military Airports & Mass Transit
Water Treatment
Commercial & Industrial Campuses
Medical & Laboratory
Islands & Developing
World
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Microgrid Applications and Benefits
Provides energy assurance for critical assets Integrates renewables and energy storage in emergencies Autonomous prioritized load shedding
Crisis Islanding
Cost optimization across generation sources Demand-response services Simplifies integration of existing and planned
infrastructure
Grid-Connected Optimization
Simplifies use of renewables and energy storage Optimizes cost across generation sources Scalable in response to growth
Remote Grid Formation
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Traditional Back-up Power Has Weaknesses
Non-critical loads always lose power
Renewables typically go offline
Every generator is a single point of failure
HQ Data Center Office Office Utility
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Microgrids Improve Resilience and Flexibility
Renewables can remain online
Energy storage can be included
Data network adds control flexibility
Non-critical loads can stay online if power is available
Unneeded generators can be switched off
Data Center Office Office HQ
Connect generators to distribution
Utility
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Distributed Control Is the Future
TRADITIONAL METHOD MODERN METHOD
Reflects outdated mainframe mentality
A central CPU is a single point of failure
Custom software is hard to update
Legacy code is vulnerable to attacks
Unique configurations are hard to scale
Reflects current internet mentality
Distributed CPUs create resilience
Consistent platform facilitates updates
Original code written for cybersecurity
Inherently scalable
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GridMaster Intelligent Power Controller (IPC)
• Size: 12.0” x 9.2” x 3.8”
• Weight: 10 lbs.
• Includes:
– Single-board computer – Digital and analog input/output – Communication interfaces – Hosted software
• Designed and tested for extreme
conditions including Earthquake Zone 4
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Graphical User Interface: Elements
System Status and Controls
Message Display (Alerts, Warnings)
Main Schematic
Navigation
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Energy Assurance is a Big Investment
Microgrid Providers: The Monolithic Approach
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Microgrid Providers: The Tailored Approach
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SPIDERS Scope and Participants
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• Type: Joint Command Technology Development (JCTD)
• Goal: Find optimal architecture for secure, reliable microgrids
• Strategy: Build three full-scale microgrids at critical DoD sites
• Budget: Approximately $50 million, from multiple sources
• Ultimate Deliverable: Transition template for federal sector, utilities and commercial applications
Smart Power Infrastructure Demonstration for Energy Reliability and Security
SPIDERS I: JBPHH – Microgrid Overview
• Serves a single critical load • Wastewater treatment plant
• Integrates existing generation assets
• 800kW, 1600kW diesel generators • 140kW PV array
• Features proven
• SPIDERS architecture • 12.5% renewable penetration • 30% fuel reduction during outage • Withstood Red Team attack
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0.5 Miles
SPIDERS II: Fort Carson - Microgrid Overview • Serves critical and non-critical loads
• Includes 4th Infantry Division HQ
• Integrates existing generation assets • 3x ~1MW diesel generators • 1 MW PV array (of 2 MW total) • 250kW bi-directional EV storage
• Features proven
• Multiple-circuit microgrid • Prioritized load shedding • Large-scale renewables • EV’s provide grid services
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SPIDERS III: Camp Smith - Microgrid Overview • Serves critical and non-critical loads
• Includes PACOM HQ
• Integrates new and existing generation assets
• 2x 1MW existing diesel generators • 4x 750kW new diesel generators • 500kW energy storage • 300kW PV array (1MW in the future)
• Features proven
• Outer and inner microgrids • Demand response with HECO signal • Received first Authority to Operate (ATO)
for military microgrid
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Comprehensive Security Strategy Defense In Depth • Multi-layered, integrated security Cybersecurity guidelines applied • DoD 8500 Series – DoD Information Assurance
Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP)
• Security Controls – Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIGs), Security Content Automation Protocol tool (SCAP)
Testing and evaluation • JCTD Red Team Attacks; Navy Validation Team T&E • HBSS, ACAS Functionality for ICS • DHS Cyber Security Evaluation Tool (CSET)
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Firewalls
Intrusion Detection
Physical Security
Encryption
Whitelisting
Hardware & OS Hardening
JVAB Red Team Attack Conclusion
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“Overall, the SPIDERS JCTD cyber experimentation proved the security implementations enforced by
provide a strong security posture against cyber attacks and [toward] protecting critical assets and communications.”
Joint Vulnerability Assessment Branch (JVAB) security rating:
GridMaster received first-ever Approval to Operate (ATO) for military microgrids
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TransitGRID: New Jersey Transit • First critical infrastructure microgrid project
in US • 108MW microgrid designed to provide
secure, resilient power and maintain transit operations
• 14 terminal stations and transit building
with individual, islandable microgrids
• Each station is a critical asset and includes Solar PV, storage, natural gas
• Cybersecurity Approval-to-Operate via DoD-DoE processes is a requirement
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Leaders in U.S. Microgrid Development
• Department of Defense: SPIDERS project; Extensive research
• Department of Energy: Several demonstration projects funded
• California: Progressive utilities; Several demonstration projects funded
• Massachusetts: Demonstration program funded; Regulatory overhaul
• New York: PRIZE program funded
• New Jersey: Resiliency bank launched; NJ Transit project
Theme: Demonstrate solutions that work in the messy real world
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Upcoming High-Profile Microgrids
Miramar MCAS City of Newport, RI
City of Hoboken, NJ
