272013 Palaeolithic Research 9 pp.27 - 41 20, 500rcyrBP1 2 1520121997200320092011a1 212151 14, 250rcyrBP20, 500rcyrBP1 1 1 120062006195919782 200020021 19991 aEna17, 000rcyrBPAMS14C131020, 13015020, 790160rcyrBP24, 06033024, 780260calBP2012 11 16 2013 3 2 1980-857627 1kanomata@sal.tohoku.ac.jp]1 |j1 j|{j[ 1 3 2 1 153 1592 191 8 1 1 8 4 370 5833 4 7 1 4 1 4 126 1476 7 4 1 82 9412 171 1 1 15 203 39114 21 5 1 253 28015 229 13 7 7 1 1509 1766 626 40 4 13 1 35 5 2696 342011 199911 28106 14C22, 000rcyrBP1, 0002, 000last glacial maximumLGM20051997200320092011a15, 00013, 000rcyrBP1 7 2011b1 1 1 2 1

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Thames and Hudson1999 1 3112012 8 65891981 2 67 1 1 362002 66 1 2 57762003 5 2 3 39542009 No. 272346512011a521 192011b7461752012a75 3 4 1251402012b20119 4 13222012c2648581 35 2012 K381978 147792Murdock, G. P 1937 Comparative data on the division of labor by sex, Socail Forces, 15: 551-5532000 2 4972012 J15HO3 1201242005 101371462002 2 2002 2 5 3483752012 2 XII155475662006 2753141997 5417362012 1 AI127 92006 2441997 2 6 1 301959 6441 9 2013 5 A functional study of early microblade industry in Hokkaido: Use-wear analysis of lithic artifacts at the Kashiwadai 1 Site in Chitose city Yoshitaka KANOMATAAppearanceofmicrobladeisthoughttohavebeenabout20,500rcyrBP.TheKashiwadai1siteisoneofthemost typicalsitesinearlymicrobladeindustrieswhichwerecharacterizedbytheexistenceofRankoshitypemicroblade core. Microblade industry at the Kashiwadai 1 site was excavated from the layer below the Eniwa-a tephra which dated about17,000rcyrBP.Moreover,radiocarbondatesofseveralcharcoalsamplesaccompanyingwithhearthinlithic concentrationwerearound20,500rcyrBP.TheKashiwadai1siteisrecognizedasoneoftheoldestmicroblade industries in Hokkaido according to stratigraphy and 14C AMS determination. Ingeneral,microbladetechnologyissymbolizedbypressuretechniqueofmicrobladeandmanufactureofbone/antler tools. Combined two technology enabled to have made composite tools. Recent study of fracture wing analysis ofmaterialsattheKyu-Shirataki15siteofearlymicrobladeindustryshowedthatremovalofmicrobladehadbeen stronglyconnectedwithpressurefaking(Takakura2012).Thoughmanufactureofbone/antlertoolwaspresumedto have been carried out at microblade sites during Final Upper Palaeolithic period (Tsutsumi1997, Kanomata2003, 2009, 2011a), that of early mocroblade industry is not proved yet. Mainsubjectofthispaperistoshowtracesofbone/antlertoolmanufactureattheKashiwadai1sitebyuse-wear analysis. Metallurgical microscope is used to classify micro-wear polishes. Object of the functional study is 4 burins, 32 burin spalls and 4 end-scrapers. The most frequently utilized portion of burin (burin spall) was the working edge between the burin facet and the ventral surface, but not at the facet end. 62.5% of burins and burin spalls were used. Left side facet of dorsal face was limitedly utilized. Right side facet is thought to have been formed for changing lithic shape or for formation of platform to strike burin blow. D1 type polish accompanying vertical striation was found on 2 burins and 14 burin spalls. D1 type polish is strongly connected with bone/antler working. E2 type polish which has strong relationship with dry hide scraping was shown on 2 burins, 1 burin-spall and 2 end-scrapers. Itisrevealedbylithicdistributionanalysisthatmanufactureofmicrobladesandbone/antlertoolswerecarried out limitedly in lithic concentration 2, 12 and 15. The fact that composite tool manufacture were carried out in early microblade industry is very signifcant for understanding history of bone/antler tool making in Japanese archipelago.