01 introduction to tourism
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to tourism in generalTRANSCRIPT
Tourism concepts
Dr. Nimit ChowdharyProfessor
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
Introduction to tourism
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 2
The tourism society…
Tourism is deemed to include any activity concerned with temporary short term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during the stay at these destinations.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 3
Visitor demand
International visitors
Who are residents of countries other than that being visited and travel for tourism purposes. Inbound tourism
International visitors
Who are residents of a country visiting other countries and travel for tourism purposes. Outbound tourism
Residents Visiting destinations within their own country’s boundaries who travel for tourism purposes. Domestic tourism
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 4
Visitor- the Consumer
Visitor
ExcursionistsTourist
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 5
Tourist
Business Congress Convention Family Friends
Health Holiday Leisure Meeting Mission
A visitor staying more than 24 hours in a country and making an overnight stay for any of the following reasons:
Recreation Religion Sport Study Vacation
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 6
Excursionists
Are classed as temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours, including cruise travelers but excluding travelers in transit.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 7
Tourism!
Experimental Ephemeral Experiential Edutainment
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 8
Tourism- a process
A combination of tangible and intangible tourism products
Scope of these products Attraction Access Amenities
Organized as a seamless supply chain
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 9
Tourism- a supply chain
Providers need to be effective with tourism products along tourism supply chain Efficient with products Creativity in combining products and delivery Technology leverage
Supply Chain Suppliers Tourism Products
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 10
Tourism- a supply chain
Tourism Suppliersis a business such as attraction, hotel or other type of accommodation, restaurant, transportation company, tour wholesaler, travel agency etc.
Tourism Products Tangibles- furnishings in a hotel, food served
in a restaurant, etc, Intangibles- atmosphere at a resort, service
provided by an airlines
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 11
Working definition of travel and tourism
Tourism comprises the activities of traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.
WTO, 1992- subsequently ratified by the UN Statistical Commission
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 12
Understanding this definition
1. Visitor activity is concerned only with aspects of life outside normal routines of work and social commitments, and outside the location of those routines.
2. The activity necessitates travel and, in nearly every case, some form of transport to the destination.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 13
Understanding this definition
3. Specific destinations are the focus for a range of activities and a range of facilities required to support those activities.
4. Such activities and facilities have a combination of economic, social and physical environmental effects that are the basis for tourism policy and visitor management programmes.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 14
5 characteristics of this definition
1. There is nothing that restricts the total market to overnight stays; it includes same day visits.
2. There is nothing in it that restricts the total market to travel for leisure or pleasure. It includes travel for business, social, religious, educational, sports, and most other purposes.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 15
5 characteristics of this definition
3. All tourism includes an element of travel but all travel is not tourism. The definition excludes all routine commuter travel and purely local travel such as to neighbourhood shops, schools or hospitals, etc.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 16
5 characteristics of this definition
4. Travel and tourism absorbs large elements of individual leisure time and encompasses many recreational activities, but it is not synonymous with either because bulk of all leisure and recreation takes place in or around home.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 17
5 characteristics of this definition
5. All travel and tourism trips are temporary movements; the bulk of the total market comprises trips of no more than a few hours’ or nights’ duration.
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 18
How tourism industry works
Influences on demand
Tourism impacts
DEMANDDomestic and international
tourists
SUPPLYTourist
destinations and facilities
TRAVEL
Tourism intermediaries
Regulatory framework
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 19
Systematic link between demand and supply
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 20
International tourism industry structure
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 21
Understanding tourism industry
Demand generators Suppliers
Attraction Amenities Accommodation Access (transport) Activity (Events)
Intermediaries Tour operators Travel agents
Other players International agencies Public sector Trade associations Multinational
corporations
Scope of this
course I-101
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
April 10, 2023 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 22
Accommodation sectorHotels/ motelsGuest houses/ B & BFarm housesApartments/ flats/ villas/ cottagesCondominiums/ time share resortsVacation villages/ holiday centresConference/ exhibition centresStatic and touring caravans/ camping sitesMarinas
Attraction sectorTheme parksMuseums and galleriesNational parksWildlife parksGardensHeritage sites and centresSports/ activity centresThemed retail/ leisure/ entertainment centresFestivals and events
Travel organizer's sectorTour operatorsTour wholesalers/ brokersRetail travel agentsConference organizersBooking agencies (e.g. accommodation)Incentive travel organizers
Destination organization sectorNational tourist offices (NTOs)Destination marketing organizations (DMOs)Regional/ state tourist officesLocal tourist officesTourist associations
Transport sectorAirlinesShipping lines/ ferriesRailwaysBus/ coach operatorsCar rental operators
Main sectors of the travel and
tourism industry