0. document splitting - general ledger accounting (fi-gl) (new) - sap library
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0. Document Splitting - General Ledger Accounting (FI-GL) (New) - SAP LibraryTRANSCRIPT
10/10/2015 Document Splitting General Ledger Accounting (FIGL) (New) SAP Library
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Document Splitting
You can use document splitting to automatically split line items for selected dimensions (such asreceivable lines by profit center) or to effect a zero balance setting in the document for selecteddimensions. In document splitting, the system creates additional clearing lines.
Document splitting enables you to draw up complete financial statements for the followingdimensions at any time:
SegmentsProfit centersBusiness areasFundsReceivablesCustomerdefined dimension (customer field)
You can, for example, create a segmented display of a (partial) balance sheet according to a set oflegal requirements (for example, IAS or US GAAP) or according to areas of responsibility (such asprofit centers).
In addition, you can allocate at the time of posting additional costs (such as realized or valuatedexchange rate differences) to the COrelevant account assignment objects to which the costs relate.You can also subsequently capitalize fixed assets at the time of posting.
Implementation ConsiderationsThe implementation of document splitting requires careful analysis of your business processes,identification of the relevant business transactions, and in many cases the adaptation of documenttypes. For more information, see Migration to New General Ledger Accounting and Migration withDocument Splitting.
If you have upgraded the SAP system, classic Financial Accounting is still active and continues tofunction as before. Furthermore, if you would like to migrate to new General Ledger Accounting,consult SAP Note 812919 .
If you already use new General Ledger Accounting in your production system and now want toimplement document splitting subsequently, you need to use the General Ledger Migration Cockpitwith scenario 6 . For more information, see Subsequent Implementation of Document Splitting.
If you want to make subsequent changes to document splitting, consult SAP Note 891144 .
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10/10/2015 Document Splitting General Ledger Accounting (FIGL) (New) SAP Library
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IntegrationDocument splitting is a function of new General Ledger Accounting (as of SAP ERP 5.0). It iscomparable with document splitting for special purpose ledgers (FISL).
Document splitting uses document splitting characteristics as account assignment objects to portraythe dimensions.
Document splitting has an effect on subsequent processes, such as closing operations, and onprocesses in Controlling (CO).
The following figure shows the data flow of documents when document splitting is applied:
Data Flow of Documents
For more information on the Accounting interface, see Interfaces to Accounting (AC).
FeaturesDocument splitting is based on the unique assignment of document types to predefined, nonmodifiable business transactions (or their attributes in a business transaction variant) as well as onthe assignment of accounts to predefined, nonmodifiable item categories. The item categories areused to define document splitting rules, which, depending on the business transaction, determinewhich items of a document the system splits and how. A document splitting rule is assigned to adocument splitting method. To activate document splitting, assign a document splitting method. Adocument splitting method contains the document splitting rules that the system uses to splitdocuments.
10/10/2015 Document Splitting General Ledger Accounting (FIGL) (New) SAP Library
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Document Splitting
The standard delivery contains a standard document method that you can use in most casesunchanged. However, you can also define your own document splitting rules and methods so as toadapt the standard document method to meet your requirements. For more information, seeDocument Splitting Method.
Document Splitting Process
Document splitting runs as follows:
1. When making a posting, the system determines from the document type the underlyingbusiness transaction, assigns the item category to the individual items within the document,and checks whether the item categories are permitted for that business transaction.
2. The system creates a reference to preceding documents (such as clearing and invoicereference). The system applies the account assignments that you have defined as documentsplitting characteristics for General Ledger Accounting. For more information, see PassiveDocument Splitting.
3. Depending on the classification of the document, the system applies the related documentsplitting rule for the document in which it is specified how the document is split and for whichline items. For more information, see Active Document Splitting.
4. If the system cannot determine the account assignments of the document splittingcharacteristics for individual line items, it can determine the account assignments either byinheritance or by using a standard account assignment. This can be necessary if the requiredinformation is not yet available when the posting occurs. You can use account assignment
10/10/2015 Document Splitting General Ledger Accounting (FIGL) (New) SAP Library
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inheritance or standard account assignment to simplify document splitting. For moreinformation, see Enhancement Logic.
5. For individual document splitting characteristics for General Ledger Accounting, you can definethat the line items for these document splitting characteristics must be assigned to an account(required entry field). The system then checks whether the line items for these documentsplitting characteristics have an account assignment. If not, the system rejects the postingand issues an error message. For more information, see Validation of the Document SplittingCharacteristics for General Ledger Accounting.
6. If the document does not produce a balance of zero for balancing dimensions, the systemcreates additional clearing items that ensure that the balancing dimensions in the document doproduce a balance of zero. For additional information, see Creation of the Zero Balance Settingfor Each Document.
For an example of the document splitting process, see Overview of Document Splitting Process.
Subsequent Processes
You can use the split line items in all other application components for subsequent processes andtransfer them to other programs or interfaces, such as for the following processes:
Realized Exchange Rate DifferencesYou can also use the COrelevant account assignments relating to the costs to post realizedexchange rate differences with clearing or partial payments.Closing OperationsYou can perform closing operations, such as foreign currency valuation of open items, for thedocument splitting characteristics defined.
For more information, see Subsequent Processes.
Simulation of Document Splitting
During document entry, you can simulate the resulting postings. From the simulation in the generalledger view, you can call the expert mode. In the expert mode, you obtain detailed information aboutthe split document as well as about the document splitting rules applied. Furthermore, the expertmode allows you to view the Customizing settings for document splitting specific to the businesstransaction.
For more information, see Simulating Documents in the General Ledger View.
Displaying the Split Document
You can display a document in Financial Accounting as follows:
In the entry viewFrom the view of a ledger in the general ledger view and with the clearing lines generated bydocument splittingHow the document is displayed in the general ledger view depends on whether the ledger towhich you want to post contains the document splitting characteristics that the system uses tosplit the document.
For more information, see Document Display.
10/10/2015 Document Splitting General Ledger Accounting (FIGL) (New) SAP Library
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ConstraintsYou can only use document splitting for documents that you can uniquely assign to a businessprocess. The relevant relationship is unclear when there are multiple business processes within onedocument (see also Active Document Splitting).
ExampleThe following examples show a unique business process with document splitting:
Example 1: Invoice
A vendor invoice is entered with the following items:
Vendor Invoice During Entry
Posting Key Account Segment Amount
31 Vendor 100.00
40 Expense 0001 40.00
40 Expense 0002 60.00
Document splitting then creates the following document in the general ledger view:
Document in General Ledger View
Posting Key Account Segment Amount
31 Payables 0001 40.00
31 Payables 0002 60.00
40 Expense 0001 40.00
40 Expense 0002 60.00
Example 2: Payment
The payment for the above vendor invoice then contains the following items when entered:
Payment During Entry
Posting Key Account Segment Amount
50 Bank 95.00
25 Vendor 100.00
50 Cash discount received 0001 2.00
50 Cash discount received 0002 3.00
Document splitting then creates the following document in the general ledger view:
10/10/2015 Document Splitting General Ledger Accounting (FIGL) (New) SAP Library
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Document in General Ledger ViewPosting Key Account Segment Amount
50 Bank 0001 38.00
50 Bank 0002 57.00
25 Payables 0001 40.00
25 Payables 0002 60.00
50 Cash discount received 0001 2.00
50 Cash discount received 0002 3.00
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