ANTH 201AThe History of Anthropological Thought

Spring 2018Tuesday and Friday 12:30-1:50, Brown 224

Syllabus (Last Updated 3/1/2018)

Instructor: Dr. Derek SheridanE-Mail:dsheridan2017@brandeis.eduOffice: Brown 207Office Hours: Wednesday 1-3PM (Please Sign Up through LATTE)

Course DescriptionHistories of anthropological thought have been traditionally arranged according to national traditions, key figures, and/or a succession of “isms.” Just as common have been moral narratives which imagine the history of anthropological thought and ethnographic practice divided into “pre” and “post”-reflective moments. The reflexive turn, in these tellings, are either moments of redemption and/or the point when “things fell apart.” Contemporary anthropology therefore remains in search of continued projects to “decolonize” the canon and/or achieve a “post-critical” perspective. Against these narratives, some have proposed writing “joyous” introductions to anthropology which reimagine the “canon” as an incomplete archive where older debates and paradigms are not overcome as much as they are reinvented and reimagined. In this course, we take the debate over these competing paradigms as starting point for tracing the history of ethnological thought. Instead of following a single historical trajectory, we take two routes through the history of the discipline following the fate of concepts at turns beloved and derided: 1) the evolution of the “culture” concept, and 2) the interpretation of relationality between “power” and “ethics.”

The course traces the history of anthropological thought in two turns. During the first turn, we trace the development and transformation of the “culture” concept in Anthropology from its late 19th century/early 20th century articulations as an alternative to concepts of social evolution and race, its relationship to history and the development of new forms of ethnographic practice, through its transformation into a “causal” variable, and finally, its transformation into theories of interpretation and writing. We will think about culture as cognition, symbolic systems, practice, history, ontology, and as a placeholder in a larger social scientific and humanistic terrain of knowledge production. We will also trace the development of ethnographic practice, including the contributions of lesser acknowledged figures (i.e. W.E.B. DuBois) to the discipline and the intersections of race and gender in cultural anthropology past and present.

1

During the second turn, we go back to the beginning and revisit the history of anthropological thought though the lens of “relationality.” The premise of this narrative is the longstanding tension between interpretations of relationality as power, conflict, and inequality on the one side and interpretations of relationality as ethics, solidarity and affect on the other; and everything in between. This will provide us an alternative perspective on social theory different from more standardized framings of the problem as merely “structure” and “agency”; although we will also consider these questions. The course will consider the work of longstanding social theorists whose work continues to echo (or start to echo) in the discipline including Marx, Weber, Durkheim, Mauss, Strathern, Tarde, the structural-functionalists, and their critics.

The course is intended to complement Contemporary Anthropological Theory (ANTH 203b). While there will be overlaps in themes and occasionally authors, our purview will be primarily restricted to the pre-1980s genealogies of the discipline. Implicit in this choice is an argument that the debates you encountered last semester with Sarah Lamb have had longstanding presence (or absent presence) in earlier conversations. Course RequirementsIn addition to regular attendance and active participation, students will be expected to completethe following requirements:

Required Reading and Discussion QuestionsMost of the course reading materials will come from articles and portions of books. This is a graduate-level reading intensive course, which means the volume of materials assigned will often exceed your capacity to finish them. This is by design. Professionalization in academia means developing skills to read more efficiently and strategically than you might be used to. It’s important to begin the assigned reading early: I suggest beginning the next week’s reading the day of the class, and continuing throughout the week, completing one text each day. To facilitate discussion, I ask everyone to post a short response to the reading on the LATTE website discussion board by 11 AM the day of class. These responses will have 2 components.

The first part will be to provide rhetorical précis for the texts. You only need to provide a précis for three pieces of any one day’s set of reading.

The Rhetorical Précis Format (Courtesy of http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl201/modules/rhetorical-precis/sample/peirce_sample_precis_click.html)

a) In a single coherent sentence give the following: -name of the author, title of the work, date in parenthesis;

2

-a rhetorically accurate verb (such as "assert," "argue," "deny," "refute," "prove," disprove," "explain," etc.); -a that clause containing the major claim (thesis statement) of the work.b) In a single coherent sentence give an explanation of how the author develops and supports the major claim (thesis statement).

c) In a single coherent sentence give a statement of the author's purpose, followed by an "in order" phrase.

d) In a single coherent sentence give a description of the intended audience and/or the relationship the author establishes with the audience.

Example: Charles S. Peirce's article, "The Fixation of Belief (1877), asserts that humans have psychological and social mechanisms designed to protect and cement (or "fix") our beliefs. Peirce backs this claim up with descriptions of four methods of fixing belief, pointing out the effectiveness and potential weaknesses of each method. Peirce's purpose is to point out the ways that people commonly establish their belief systems in order to jolt the awareness of the reader into considering how their own belief system may the product of such methods and to consider what Peirce calls "the method of science" as a progressive alternative to the other three. Given the technical language used in the article, Peirce is writing to an well-educated audience with some knowledge of philosophy and history and a willingness to other ways of thinking.

The second part will be to pose questions for discussion. They may address something you find particularly interesting, surprising, confusing, or frustrating about the reading. In each case, you must elaborate your points with reference to the text. The goal of the exercise is to help us pose good discussion questions, and this means that even if your response is more of a comment than a question, you should think about the question your comment poses for advancing the discussion. The responses should be about a paragraph in length.

Seminar Presentation/discussion facilitation: Each member of the class will be responsible for assisting in leading one seminar discussion, by 1) providing a brief analysis of one or more important points or questions raised by the assigned readings, 2) framing a set of relevant discussion questions, and 3) helping to facilitate the discussion.

Class Participation: This includes regular attendance, careful preparation of the readings, and informed contribution to seminar discussions. This is a discussion-based rather than lecture-driven class.

3

If you miss a class meeting, you will be expected to provide 1.5 to 2 page written informal analysis of that day’s reading within four days of the missed class.

Two Response PapersYou will be asked to produce two 4-5 page response papers based on the readings. These are intended to be extended versions of your discussion questions. They should comparatively evaluate a limited set of readings, authors, debates, or concepts curated from our syllabus. The first response paper should draw on the class’s first sweep through “culture” (before March 13th), and the second response paper should draw on the second sweep through “relationality.” You may turn in these papers at any time, but the first should be turned in by March 13th. This is also a time management exercise, so please plan ahead. The second should be turned in by April 25th.

This assignment may be revised—due two weeks after the first version is returned withcomments. The two grades will be averaged.

Final PaperOver the course of the semester, you will be asked to develop your own genealogical narrative of the development of anthropological thought, focusing on a particular theme of interest to you and your research. You might trace themes of embodiment, human-animal relations, religion, care, health, sport, art etc. Or you might trace the development of a particular “national” tradition outside the Euro-American academy. For example, you might trace the development of Anthropological thought in China, India, or Latin America. While you may discuss contemporary works, it is far more important for this assignment to trace interconnections with the time periods discussed in the course. The product of this research will be both a bibliography and a 20-page review essay.

This will be due by May 4th. If you are graduating, however, the paper will be due by April 27th,

Late work: normally grades are lowered by 1/3 of a grade for each weekday late.

All papers will be submitted by LATTE.

GradingClass Participation and LATTE 25%Response Papers 25%Final 35%One Seminar presentation/discussion facilitation 15%

4

Four-Credit Course (with three hours of class time per week)

Success in this 4-crdit class is based on the expectation that student will commit on average at least twelve hours per week to the coursework (including class meetings, reading, writing, research, thinking etc.)

Academic Integrity

You are expected to be honest in all of your academic work. Please consult Brandeis University Rights and Responsibilities for all policies and procedures related to academic integrity. Students may be required to submit work to TurnItIn.com software to verify originality. Allegations of alleged academic dishonesty will be forwarded to the Director of Academic Integrity. Sanctions for academic dishonesty can include failing grades and/or suspension from the university. Citation and research assistance can be found at LTS - Library guides.

Students with extra challengesIf you are a student with a documented disability at Brandeis University and if you wish to request a reasonable accommodation for this class, please see me immediately. Keep in mind that reasonable accommodations are not provided retroactively.

Course Outline Be aware that the information on this syllabus is liable to change over the course of the class. Major changes will be announced, but if there is any confusion, please check LATTE for the most recent edition.

The indicated readings should be completed by the time of the class. Friday, January 12: Introduction to Introductions Choose One of ThreeGeorge W. Stocking, Jr.1968. “On the Limits of ‘Presentism’ and ‘Historicism’ in the Historiography of the Behavioral Sciences,” in Race, Culture, and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology (New York: The Free P.), pp. 1-12.Hallowell, A. Irving. "The history of anthropology as an anthropological problem." Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 1.1 (1965): 24-38.Darnell, Regna. "History of anthropology in historical perspective." Annual Review of Anthropology 6.1 (1977): 399-417.

Everyone ReadBhrigupati Singh and Jane I. Guyer. 2016. "Introduction: A joyful history of anthropology." HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory 6(2): 197-211.

5

Holly Swyers. 2016. "Rediscovering Papa Franz: Teaching Anthropology and Modern Life." HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory 6(2): 213-31.Shannon Morreira. 2016. "Working with our Grandparents' Illusions: On Colonial Lineage and Inheritance in Southern African Anthropology." HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory 6(2): 279-95.

Tuesday, January 16: Evolution, Armchairs and the Victorian ImaginationHebert Spencer. 1864. “Progress: its law and cause.” Illustrations of Universal Progress: A Series of Discussions (New Work: D. Appleton and Co.), pp 1-16.Edward Burnett Tylor. 1964[1865]. Researchers into the Early History of Mankind and the Development of Civilization, ed. Paul Bohannan (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1964);(Chapter 1 “Introduction”)[Recommended] Chapter 2 “The Gesture Language,” Chapter 3 “The Gesture Language, Continued”--1958(1871). Primitive Culture, vol. 1: The Origins of Culture (New York: Harper and Row, 1958);(Chapter 1 “The Science of Culture,” Chapter 2 “The Development of Culture,”) [Recommended] Chapter 3, “Survival in Culture,” Chapter 7, “The Art of Counting”Sir James George Frazer.1922[1915]. “Sympathetic Magic” The Golden Bough (New York: Macmillian and Co.), pp. 12-69

RecommendedIbn Khaldūn. [1969]. The Muqaddimah: an introduction to history; in three volumes. Princeton University Press.

Friday, January 19: Time, Forms of Life, and the Other Claude Levi-Strauss. 1976. “Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Founder of the Sciences of Man”, in Structural Anthropology Vol. II. Trans. Monique Layton. Basic Books: New York. pp. 33-43Johannes Fabian. 1983. Time and the Other (Introduction, Conclusion)Thomas, Nicholas Thomas. 1996. “Travelers Philosophical and Unphilosophical.” Out of time: History and evolution in anthropological discourse. University of Michigan Press.OptionalYuri Pines. 2005. "Beasts or humans: Pre-imperial origins of the ‘‘Sino-barbarian’’dichotomy." Mongols, Turks, and others: Eurasian nomads and the sedentary world 11: 70.

Tuesday, January 23: From Culture to Culture(s) Franz Boas. 1889. “On Alternating Sounds.” American Anthropologist 2

6

--1889. “The Aims of Ethnology” in Race, Language and Culture. New York: Free Press, pp 626-638.--1896. “The Limitations of the Comparative Method of Anthropology” in Race, Language and Culture. New York: Free Press, 270-280.--1902. “The Ethnological Significance of Esoteric Doctrines” Science 16(413): 872-874; --1911. “Introduction.” Handbook of American Indian Languages, pp 59-73--1920. “The Methods of Ethnology” American Anthropologist 22(4): 311-321--1932 “The Aims of Anthropological Research” Race, Language and Culture. New York: Free Press, pp. 243-259

Matti Bunzl. “Franz Boas and the Humboldtian Tradition: From Volksgeist and National Character to an Anthropological Concept of Culture” Volksgeist as Method and Ethic: Essays on Boasian Ethnography and the German Anthropological Tradition.

Recommended from BoasFranz Boas.1887. “The Study of Geography.” in Race, Language and Culture. New York: Free Press, pp 639-647--1910. “Psychological Problems in Anthropology” The American Journal of Psychology 21(3): 371-384--1916. “The Origin of Totemism” American Anthropologist 18(3): 319-326--1936. “History and Science in Anthropology: A Reply.” 38(1): 137-141

Recommended about BoasGeorge W. Stocking, Jr. “The Basic Assumptions of Boasian Anthropology” The Shaping of American Anthropology, 1883-1911: A Franz Boaz Reader. 1-20Roy Wagner. 1981. The Invention of Culture. Chicago: U of Chicago Press (chapters 1 and 2, pp. 1-34)

Friday, January 26: The Cultural Politics of Race Franz Boas. 1974[1883]. “The outlook for the American Negro,” “Instability of Human Types” in The Shaping of American Anthropology 1883-1911: A Franz Boas Reader. (New York: Basic Books), Pp 310-316, 214-218Lee D. Baker. 2010. Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture. Duke University Press.-Introduction-The Cult of Franz Boas and His “Conspiracy” to Destroy the White Race

-Choose One of Three

1) Lee D. Baker. 2010. ‘Research, Reform and Racial Uplift”2) Lee D. Baker. 2010. “Fabricating the Authentic and the Politics of the Real”

7

3) Alfred Louis Kroeber.1917. "The Superorganic" American Anthropologist 19(2): 163-213Edward Sapir. 1917. "Do we need a “superorganic”?" American Anthropologist 19(3): 441-447.

OptionalFranz Boas. 1894. “Human Faculty as Determined by Race”--1911. “The Race Problem in Modern Society”

Robert Oppenheim. 2010."Revisiting Hrdlicka and Boas: Asymmetries of Race and Anti-Imperialism in Interwar Anthropology." American Anthropologist 112(1): 92-103.

Tuesday, January 30: Ethnography and Empiricism W.E.B. DuBois. 1899. The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study. New York: Schocken. (Introduction to 1996 edition, Chapter 1-2, choose a middle chapter, Chapter 38)Bronislaw Malinowski. 1950[1922]. Argonauts of the Western Pacific. New York: Dutton (“Introduction: The Subject, Method, and Scope of this Inquiry”), pp. 1-25[Optional] “Fishing in the Trobriand Islands” Man 18: 87-92

Choose OnePhyllis Kaberry. 1957. “Malinowski’s Contribution to Fieldwork Methods and the Writing of Ethnography” in: Raymond Firth (ed.) Man and Culture. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, pp. 71-91Edmund Leach. 1957. “The Epistemological Background to Malinowski’s Empiricism” in Raymond Firth (ed.) Man and Culture. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, pp. 119-37

Choose OneMarilyn Strathern “Out of Context: The Persuasive Fictions of Anthropology” Current Anthropology 28, 1987, pp. 251-81George Stocking, Jr. 1983. “The Ethnographer’s Magic.” In Observers Observed: Essays on Ethnographic fieldwork, pp.70-120. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press

Friday, February 2: Ethnography and Empiricism Zora Neale Hurston.1935. Mules and Men (Forward, Introduction, Folk Tales (Ch I-II), Hoodoo (Ch I-II)[Optional] Cynthia Ward. 2012. “Truth, Lies, Mules and Men: through the ‘spyglass of Anthropology’ and What Zora Saw There” Western Journal of Black Studies 36(4): 301-313Gilberto Freyre. 1956[1933]. The Masters and the Slaves: A Study in the Development of Brazilian Civilization. [Prefaces]

8

[Choice #1] David Brading. 1988. Manuel Gamio and Official Indigenismo in Mexico. Bulletin of Latin American Research 7(1): 75-89[Choice #2] Bruce Trigger. 1984. “Alternative Archeologies: Nationalist, Colonialist, Imperialist”Jomo Kenyatta. 1962. Facing Mount Kenya: the Tribal Life of the Gikuyu. (Introduction, Preface, Conclusion)[Optional] Jomo Kenyatta. System of Education (Prior to the Advent of the European; Magical and Medical Practices) [Recommended] Catherine Lutz.1990. “The Erasure of Women’s Writing in Sociocultural Anthropology” American Ethnologist 17(4):611-627

Tuesday, February 6: Culture as Explanantion Ruth Benedict. 1932. “Configurations of Culture in North America,” American Anthropologist 34 (1): 1-27--1934. “Anthropology and the Abnormal.” Journal of General Psychology 10: 59-82[Recommended] “Psychological Types in the Cultures of the Southwest”Margaret Mead. 1928. “The Role of the Individual in Samoan Culture” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 58: 481-495Edward Sapir. 1924. “Culture, Genuine and Spurious” American Journal of Sociology, 29(4):.401-429.[Recommended] 1938. “Why Cultural Anthropology Needs the Psychiatrist” in Selected Writings of Edward Sapir, David Mandelbaum, ed. Pp 569-577Benjamin Lee Whorf. 1956. Language, Thought, and Reality. Cambridge: MIT Press 1956 (“The Relation of Habitual Thought and Behavior to Language” and “Languages and Logic”, pp. 134-159, 233-245)

Friday, February 9: Culture in Contention: Theory, Relativism, and EthicsBronislaw Malinowski. 1936. "Culture as a Determinant of Behavior." The Scientific Monthly 43(5): 440-449Clyde Kluckhohn. 1939. “The Place of Theory in Anthropological Studies” Philosophy of Science 6(3):328-44James Deetz. 1988. “History and Archaeological Theory: Walter Taylor Revisited” American Antiquity 53(1)Virginia Yans-McLaughlin. 1988. “Science, Democracy and Ethics: Mobilizing Culture and Personality for World War II.” Malinowski, Rivers, Benedict and Others : Essays on Culture and Personality, edited by George W. Stocking, University of Wisconsin Press.Executive Board of the American Anthropological Association. 1947. “Statement on Human Rights”American Anthropologist 49(4): 539-543.

Recommended

9

Alfred Kidder. 1940. “Looking Backward” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 83(4): 527-537Orin Starn. 1986. "Engineering internment: anthropologists and the war relocation authority." American Ethnologist 13(4): 700-720.Megan Steffen. 2017. Doing Fieldwork After Henrietta Schmerler On Sexual Violence and Blame in Anthropology. American Ethnologist website, November 13.https://americanethnologist.org/features/reflections/doing-fieldwork-after-henrietta-schmerlerClifford Geertz. 1963. "The Integrative Revolution: Primordial Sentiments and Civil Politics in the New States." Old Societies and New States.

Tuesday, February 13: The Ecological Stance Leslie White.1959. “Energy and Tools.” The Evolution of Culture (New York: McGraw-Hill)Lewis R. Binford. 1962. “Archaeology as Anthropology.” American Antiquity 28:217-225Marshall Sahlins.1960. “Evolution: Specific and General” Evolution and Culture (Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan). Pp 367-373--1968. “Culture and Environment: The Study of Cultural Ecology” in Theory in Anthropology: A Sourcebook. Pp. 367-373.Marvin Harris. 1966. “The Cultural Ecology of India’s Sacred Cattle” Current Anthropology 7(1): 51-66

RecommendedJulian Steward. “Multilinear Evolution.” in Theory in Anthropology: A Sourcebook, pp 241-250.Kent Flannery. 1972. “Culture History vs. Culture Process” In Contemporary Archaeology: A Guide to Theory and Contributions, edited by M. Leone, pp. 102-107.

Friday, February 16: The Cognitive Stance: Structuralism Claude Lévi-Strauss. 1963. Structural Anthropology. New York: Basic Books; 1990.-“Introduction: History and Anthropology”-“The Structural Study of Myths”-“Structural Analysis in Linguistics and Anthropology”1962. The Savage Mind. “The Science of the Concrete”Mark P. Leone. 1982. "Some opinions about recovering mind." American Antiquity 47(4): 742-760.Patty Jo Watson and Michael Fotiadis. 1990. “The Razor’s Edge: Symbolic-Structuralist Archaeology and the Expansion of Archeological Inference” American Anthropologist 92(3): 613-629

RecommendedClaude Lévi-Strauss. 1962. The Savage Mind. “Time Regained.”

10

--1967. “The Sorcerer and His Magic,” in John Middleton, ed. Magic, Witchcraft, and Curing (New York: The Natural History Press, 1967), pages 23-41--1949.The Elementary Structures of Kinship (Selections)--1960. Man, Culture, and Society. “The Family”--1963. Structural Anthropology. “Social Structure”--1972. “Structuralism and Ecology”--1985 “The Anthropologist and the Human Condition,” in The View from Afar (New York: Basic Books, 1985), pages 25-36.Edmund Leach. 1964. “Animal Categories and Verbal Abuse” in Stephen Hugh-Jones and James Laidlaw (eds.) The Essential Edmund Leach. New Haven: Yale UP, pp. 322-43  Sherry Ortner.1974. “Is Female to Male as Nature to Culture?” in Michelle Rosaldo and Louise Lamphere (eds.) Women, Culture and Society. Stanford: Stanford UP, pp. 67-88

MID-TERM RECESS FEB 19-23

Tuesday, February 27: Practice Pierre Bourdieu. 1990. The Logic of Practice (Introduction, Objectification Objectified, The Imaginary Anthropology of Subjectivism”.) pp 25-51.--1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice (Structures, Habitus and Practices (78-95), Structures habitus power: basis for a theory of symbolic power (159-197)Adam T. Smith. 2001. "The Limitations of Doxa: Agency and Subjectivity from an Archaeological Point of View." Journal of Social Archaeology 1(2): 155-171Jane F. Collier and Sylvia J. Yanagisako. 1989. "Theory in Anthropology since Feminist Practice." Critique of Anthropology 9(2): 27-37

Friday, March 2: Interpreting and Writing Culture Clifford Geertz. 1973. “Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture.” The Interpretation of Culture (chapters 1 pp. 3-30)Roger Keesing. 1987. “Anthropology as Interpretative Quest” Current Anthropology 28: 161-176James Clifford. 1983. “Introduction: Partial Truths” in James Clifford and George Marcus (eds.) Writing Culture. Berkeley: U of California UP.Frances E. Mascia-Lees, Patricia Sharpe and Colleen Ballerino Cohen. 1989. “The Postmodernist Turn in Anthropology: Cautions from a Feminist Perspective.” Signs 15(1), pp. 7-33

OptionalClifford Geertz. 1976.”Art as a Cultural System.” Comparative Literature 91(6): 1473-1499--1972. “Deep Play: Notes on a Balinese Cockfight” Daedalus

11

Raymond Firth. 1989. “Fiction and Fact in Ethnography” in: Elizabeth Tonkin, Maryon McDonald and Malcolm Chapman (eds.). History and Ethnicity. London: Routledge.Talal Asad. 1973. Genealogies of Religion. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP (“Anthropological Conceptions of Religion”) pp. 27-54

Tuesday, March 6: Writing Against Culture Lila Abu Lughod. 1991. “Writing Against Culture” In: Richard G. Fox (ed.) Recapturing Anthropology. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press, pp. 137-162Robert Brightman. 1995. "Forget Culture: Replacement, Transcendence, Relexification" Cultural Anthropology 10: 509-46Michel-Rolph Trouillot. "Adieu, Culture: A New Duty Arises." Global Transformations. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2003. 97-116.Patty Jo Watson. 1994. “Archaeology, Anthropology and the Culture Concept.” American Anthropologist 97(4): 683-694[Alternative to Watson] Michael Silverstein. 2005. “Languages/Cultures are Dead! Long Live the Linguistic-Cultural” in: Daniel Segal and Sylvia Yanigasako (eds.) Unwrapping the Sacred Bundle. Durham: Duke UP, pp. 99-125.

Friday, March 9: Does Culture Exist? [Choose 3 out of 6] Richard Handler and Jocelyn Linnekin. 1984. “Tradition, Genuine or Spurious” Journal of American Folklore 97: 273-90.Charles Briggs. 1996. “The Politics of Discursive Authority in Research on the ‘Invention of Tradition’” Cultural Anthropology 11: 434-69Marilyn Strathern. 1995. “The Nice Thing about Culture is That Everyone Has It” in Marilyn Strathern (ed.) Shifting Contexts. London: Routledge, pp. 153-76.Marshall Sahlins. 2000. “‘Sentimental Pessimism’ and Ethnographic Experience; or, Why Culture is Not a Disappearing ‘Object’” in Lorraine Daston (ed.) Biographies of Scientific Objects. Chicago: U of Chicago Press, pp. 158-203Carrithers, Michael, Matei Candea, Karen Sykes, Martin Holbraad, and Soumhya Venkatesan. 2010. "Ontology is just another word for culture: Motion tabled at the 2008 meeting of the Group for Debates in Anthropological Theory, University of Manchester." Critique of anthropology 30(2): 152-200.Paul Kockelman "Agency: The Relation between Meaning, Power, and Knowledge." Current Anthropology 48(3): 375-401

Tuesday, March 13: Mixing it Up Ulf Hannerz. 1987. “The World in Creolization” Africa 57: 546-59

12

Arjun Appadurai. 1990. “Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy” Public Culture 2Stephan Palmié. 2006. “Creolization and its Discontents” Annual Reviews of Anthropology 35: 433-56Stephen W Silliman. 2015. "A requiem for hybridity? The problem with Frankensteins, purées, and mules." Journal of Social Archaeology 15: 277-298.

Friday, March 16: Morgan and the Invention of Kinship Lewis Henry Morgan. 1871. Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family (Preface, pages xxi-xxiv, and “Introduction,” pages 3-9)--1877. Ancient Society, (pages 3-18, 68, 72-73, 388-389, 433-434, 442-443, 509, 549-563Thomas Trautmann.1987. Lewis Henry Morgan and the Invention of Kinship. (Selection)

Tuesday, March 20: Marx and the Concept of the Material Karl Marx. 1844. “Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844.” The Marx-Engels Reader (Pg. 66-93)--1932[1845-6] “The German Ideology” (Pg.146-148)--1847. “Manifesto of the Communist Party,” pp 40-72. --Sections from Capital, Vol.1 (“Commodities: Use and Exchange Value,” “The Fetishism of Commodities,” “Exchange and Money” )[Recommended] “The Working Day,” “Primitive Accumulation,” “The Historical Tendency of Capitalist Accumulation”)Friedrich Engles. 1877. “The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State.”

Chose OneWilliam Roseberry. "Marx and anthropology." Annual Review of Anthropology 26(1): 25-46.Richard Parmentier. 2016. “Two Marxes: Evolutionary and Critical Dimensions of Marxian Social Theory.” Signs and Society.

Recommended "Theses on Feuerbach” (pp 29-30, 33-53, 67-71, 83-102) in The German Ideology "Material Forces and the Relations of Production” from Parsons et al Theories of Society, Volume 1, pg 136-38;

Friday, March 23: Weber and the Concept of the Social Max Weber. “The Nature of Social Action,” “The Concept of ‘Following a Rule,’” “Protestant Asceticism and the Spirit of Capitalism” in Weber: Selections in Translation, W. G. Runciman, ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge

13

University Press, 1978), Introduction pp 3-6, pp. 7-32, pp 99-110, pp 138-173; 1978[1920]. --Economy and Society Vol. 1. Berkeley: U. of California Press (ch. 1 “Basic Sociological Terms”, pp. 3-62)Charles F. Keyes. 2002. "Weber and Anthropology." Annual Review of Anthropology 31(1): 233-255.

Recommended Max Weber. The Protestant ethic and the" spirit" of capitalism and other writings. Penguin, 2002.

Tuesday, March 27: Durkheim, Tarde, and the Concept of the Person Émile Durkheim. 1966 [1895]. The Rules of Sociological Method. New York: Free Press ch. 1 “What Is a Social Fact?”, pp. 1-13--1995 [1912] The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. New York: The Free Press (Selections)

Choose OneThe division of labor in society. Simon and Schuster.(Selection)Marcel Mauss. 1932. “A category of the human mind: the notion of person; the notion of self,” in Michael Carrithers et al, eds., The Category of the Person: Anthropology, Philosophy, History (Cambridge University Press 1984), pp. 1-23

All ReadBruno Latour and Vincent Antonin Lépinay. 2009. The science of passionate interests: An introduction to Gabriel Tarde's economic anthropology. Prickly Paradigm Press.

RecommendedPhilip Abrams.1971. “The Sense of the Past and the Origins of Sociology” Past and Present 55, pp. 18-32Eric R. Wolf.1988. “Inventing Society.” American Ethnologist 15: 752-61Uli Linke. 1990. “Folklore, Anthropology, and the Government of Social Life” Comparative Studies in Society and History 32: 117-148.

Spring Recess: March 30-April 6

Tuesday, April 10 : Mauss and the Concept of Mutuality Marcel Mauss. The Gift. 1925.Chris Garces and Alexander Jones. "Mauss Redux: From Warfare's Human Toll to L'homme total." Anthropological Quarterly 82(1): 279-309.Lisette Josephides. 1985. The Production of Inequality (Pg. 1-11, Pg. 203-215) Marilyn Strathern. 1988. "Introduction." “Work: Exploitation at Issue” The Gender of the Gift (Pg. 3-21, Pg. 133-167)

14

RecommendedAnnette B. Weiner. 1992. Inalienable Possessions (Ch. 1, Ch. 2 (Pg. 23-65))James Carrier. 1995. “Maussian Occidentalism: Gift and Commodity Systems” in: James Carrier (ed.) Occidentalism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Jonathan Parry and Maurice Bloch. 1989. “Introduction: Money and the Morality of Exchange” in: Jonathan Parry and Maurice Bloch (eds.) Money and the Morality of Exchange. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.

Friday, April 13: The Structural-Functionalists A.R. Radcliffe-Brown. 1922. The Andaman Islanders, pages vii-x, 229-259; 1930, 1935, 1940. --“Introducton,” “Taboo,” “On the Concept of Function in Social Science,” “On Social Structure” in Structure and Function in Primitive Society, pages 1-14, 133-152, 178-187, 188-204; 1940--“On Joking Relationships” Africa 13 (3): 195-210;1949”[Recommended] A Further Note on Joking Relationships” Africa 19(2): 133-140; 1951 “The Comparative Method in Social Anthropology” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute LXXXI:15-22; “Anthropology and Indian Administration” American Indian Life, No. 26, p 7-8; “Historical and Functional Interpretations of culture in Relation to the Practical Application of Anthropology to the control of Native People” in Method in Social Anthropology (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, orig. publ. 1929), pp. 39-41

RecommendedEdmund Leach. 1984 “Glimpses of the Unmentionable in the History of British Social Anthropology” Annual Review of Anthropology 13: 1-23.Bronislaw Malinowski. “The Functional Theory, “ in A Scientific Theory of Culture and Other Essays. (Chapel Hill: Univ. of North Carolina P.) pp 147-176Lesser, Alexander. 1985. “Introduction to Part II” and “Functionalism in Social Anthropology” in: Sidney Mintz (ed.) History, Evolution, and the Concept of Culture: Selected Papers by Alexander Lesser. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, pp. 45-61Meyer Fortes and E.E. Evans-Pritchard. 1940. “Introduction” in Meyer Fortes and E.E. Evans-Pritchard (eds.) African Political Systems. London: Oxford University Press, pp. 1-23Edmund Leach. 1990 [1954]. Political Systems of Highland Burma. Boston: Beacon 1967 [1954] (“Introduction”, pp. 1-18)Edward E. Evans-Pritchard “The Nuer of the Southern Sudan” in Meyer Fortes and E.E. Evans-Pritchard (eds.) African Political Systems. London: Oxford University Press 1940, pp. 272-96

Tuesday, April 17: Structure, Ethics, Rationality, and Power E.E. Evans Pritchard. 1976. Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic (abridged edition) Oxford: Clarendon Press. (chapters 1, 2, 8, 9, pp. 1-32, 120-163)

15

Maurice Godelier. 1977. Perspectives in Marxist Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (chapter 6 “Market Economy and Fetishism, Magic and Science According to Marx’ Capital”, pp. 152-165)Karen E. Fields. 2001. “Witchcraft and Racecraft: Invisible Ontology and Its Sensible Manifestations” in: George C. Bond and Diane M. Ciekawy (eds.) Witchcraft Dialogues. Athens: Ohio Center for International Studies, pp. 283-315Geschiere, Peter. 2013. Witchcraft, intimacy, and trust: Africa in comparison. University of Chicago Press.[Introduction]

RecommendedKwame Anthony Appiah. 1992. In My Father’s House. New York: Oxford University Press (ch. 6 “Old Gods, New Worlds”, pp. 107-36)

Friday, April 20: Structure, Ethics, Rationality, and Power Frederik Barth. 1966. Models of Social Organization (London: Royal Anthropological Institute, 1966), pp 1-33.Max Gluckman. 1965. “Political Institutions,” In The Institutions of Primitive Society; 1965. Custom and Conflict in Africa (Blackweel).Victor Turner. 2017. The Forest of Symbols: Aspects of Ndembu Ritual--The ritual process: Structure and anti-structure. Routledge.

RecommendedPeter M. Worsley. 1956. "The kinship system of the Tallensi: a revaluation." The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland 86(1): 37-75.Raymond Firth. 1963. Elements of social organization (Boston: Beacon), pp 30-79; 1959. "Orientations in Economic Life,” in The Institutions of Primitive Society (Glencoe, IL: Free Press), pp 12-24.Talal Asad. 1972. "Market model, class structure and consent: a reconsideration of Swat political organisation." Man 7(1): 74-94.

Tuesday, April 24: Production, Reproduction Claude Meillassoux. 1972. "From reproduction to production: A Marxist approach to economic anthropology∗. Pp 93-105.Olivia Harris and Kate Young. 1981. "Engendered structures: some problems in the analysis of reproduction." In The Anthropology of pre-capitalist societies, pp. 109-147. Macmillan Education UK, 1981.Rubin, Gayle. 2009. "The political economy of sex." Feminist Anthropology: a reader. Oxford: Blackwell. pp 87.

RecommendedKaren Sacks. 1974. "Engels revisited: Women, the organization of production, and private property." Woman, culture, and society 133: 207.

16

Sylvia Junko Yanagisako and Jane Fishburne Collier. 1987. "Toward a unified analysis of gender and kinship." Gender and kinship: Essays toward a unified analysis: 14-50.

Wednesday, April 25: Ethics and Affect Michael Lambek, ed. 2010. Ordinary ethics: Anthropology, language, and action. Fordham Univ Press.[Introduction]Webb Keane. 2015. Ethical life: Its natural and social histories. Princeton University Press. [Introduction]Emily Martin. 2013. "The potentiality of ethnography and the limits of affect theory." Current Anthropology 54(7): 149-158.

17