S

Taking In and Storing Information

Chapter 3

Change Blindness

• Psychological phenomenon

• Change in visual stimulus goes unnoticed

• Causes• Obstructions to

visual field • Change in location• Eye movements• Lack of attention

Attention Sensory Storage

Holds information for a few seconds

Takes in all sensory information

Steps must be taken to hold on to these memories

Selective Attention: ability to pick and choose among various available inputs

Selective Attention Selection Theory

Donald Broadbent Only one channel at a time

Attenuation Theory Anne Treisbent Main channel, others

suppressed Not eliminated, info still

processed

Input priorities 1. Information

leading to satisfaction of hunger and thirst needs

2. Information that is strange or novel

3. Information that we find interesting

Selective Attention What did you eat for breakfast?

What color shirt was your 2nd period teacher wearing?

What was the first announcement of the day?

Name any of the places mentioned in the video at the beginning.

What was the title of this slide show?

Feature Extraction Locating the outstanding characteristics of

incoming information

Helps with identification and comparing to other inputs Distinguish between faces, but see

similarities

Feature Extraction

Chemical Influences on Learning Any chemical will alter a person’s bodily condition or state

Stimulants increase level of brain chemicals rapid learning Ex: Caffeine stirs up body activity level*

Must be accompanied by sugar, artificial sweeteners alter normal firing pattern of brain cells

Depressants block firing of brain nerve cells reduce learning Ex: hotdogs, cold-cut meats

State-Dependent Learning: learning and reproduction of the material are reliant on the condition of the body at the time of learning.

Emotional Factors in Learning

Emotional involvement increases learning

Humor (in moderation) can increase level of brain activity

Unpleasant teachers can increase for a while too Negative emotions are

still emotions