■ essential question: – how did the development of regional economies & clay’s american...

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Essential Question : –How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? CPUSH Agenda for Unit 4.4 : –Clickers Questions –Market Revolution inquiry activity & notes –Today’s HW: 8.1 –CPUSH Midterm: Friday,

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Page 1: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

■Essential Question:–How did the development of regional

economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy?

■CPUSH Agenda for Unit 4.4: –Clickers Questions–Market Revolution inquiry activity & notes –Today’s HW: 8.1–CPUSH Midterm: Friday, September 28–County Interim: Monday, October 1

Page 2: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

In the early Antebellum era (1800-1840), the U.S. economy grew rapidly

The South, North, and West each developed specialized regional economies that became connected into a national market economy

Class Activity: For each region of the U.S., identify the (1) technology that changed the region, (2) focus of the economy, and (3) impact of the economy on this region

Page 3: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The South What technology

changed the South?

Page 4: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The South What was the

focus of the Southern economy?

Page 5: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The South What was the

impact on the South?

Page 6: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

In 1793, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin making cotton easy to refine and very profitable

Page 7: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The South provided 75% of world’s cotton

and was the main U.S. export by 1840

Cotton stimulated Northern textile

and shipping industries

Cotton became the dominant cash crop of the Deep South

(known as “King Cotton”)

Page 8: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

“King Cotton” had important effects on AmericaCotton led to an increase

in western expansionCotton led to an increase in slavery in the Deep South

The Black Belt

Page 9: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit
Page 10: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Distribution of Slave Labor, 1850

55%

15%10%

10%

10%

Cotton

Domestic Work

Rice or Sugar

Tobacco

Mining, Industry,Construction

Page 11: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Only 25% of Southern whites owned any slaves;

Those who did own slaves owned very few

However, most slaves lived on large plantations

Page 12: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Slave muzzle

The Brutality of Slavery

Leg Irons

Slave ID Tag

Page 13: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The Brutality of Slavery

Leg Irons

Branding irons

Page 14: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The NorthWhat technology

changed the North?

Page 15: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The NorthWhat was the

focus of the Northern economy?

Page 16: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The NorthWhat as the impact

on the North?

Page 17: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Eli Whitney’s development of interchangeable parts and new textile technologies led to

an Industrial Revolution in the North

Page 18: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Spinning Mule

Power LoomSewing Machine

Page 19: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

In the 1790s, Samuel Slater used British industrial designs to build the first American textile factories

In the early 1800s textile mills spread

across New England

Page 20: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The most famous textile mill in America was the

Lowell Mill in Boston

The Lowell Mill used mechanized machines to

mass-produce textiles

Page 21: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Lowell employed young women (“Lowell girls”) from the country who lived in boarding houses

Page 22: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The growth of factories led to an increase in

American cities (called urbanization)

American cities in 1820

American cities in 1860

By 1840, Northern factories mass produced textiles,

farm equipment, and other finished goods

Page 23: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The growth of factories created jobs and led to an increase in European immigration to the United StatesIn the 1840s, millions of Irish and Germans

immigrated to America

Immigrants worked in low-paying New England factories

or moved west as farmers

Page 24: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Rapid immigration led to hostility and prejudice

by native-born Americans called nativism

Page 25: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Nativists were worried that immigrants would vote, would remain poor and become a social burden, and

that Catholic immigrants would remain loyal to the PopeThe Know-Nothing Party formed in the 1850s to

restrict immigration and limit immigrant voting rights

Page 26: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

■Essential Question:–How did the development of regional

economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy?

■CPUSH Agenda for Unit 4.4: –Pop Quiz –Market Revolution inquiry activity & notes –Today’s HW: 8.1–CPUSH Midterm: Friday, September 28–County Interim: Monday, October 1

Page 27: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The WestWhat technology

changed the West?

Page 28: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The WestWhat was the focus of the

Western economy?

Page 29: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The WestWhat as the impact

on the West?

Page 30: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Population growth and land

opportunities led to rapid

growth of the West

Page 31: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

New technologies made large-scale farming possible

Cyrus McCormick’s mechanical reaper

John Deere’s steel plow

Page 32: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The West became “America’s bread basket” where commercial farms

produced wheat, corn, livestock

Page 33: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

From 1800 to 1840, these three regional economies became connected into a national market economy

Henry Clay’s American System helped connect

the South, North, and West

American System created a tariff

to promote Northern industry

Page 34: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

The BUS held ~$10 million in federal money and loaned it to state banks which forced

small banks to be smart when issuing loans

State banks loaned money to individual citizens, businesses, or local governments to finance roads, canals, factories, & farms

The Second Bank provided federal money for investment and regulation over the U.S. banking system

Page 35: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Clay’s American System provided national funding

for transportation

A transportation revolution created an infrastructure of roads, canals, early railroads

Page 36: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Farmers in the South and the West could get their goods to market by using rivers and ocean-based shipping

But, no rivers connected Eastern

factories and Western farmers

Page 37: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Private companies, state gov’ts, and the

national gov’t invested in road construction

Page 38: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Many states built canals to link the

East and West

The first major link between the East and West was the Erie Canal

(finished in 1825)

The Erie Canal brought so much trade down the Hudson River, New York City

became the commercial capital of the U.S.

Page 39: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Transportation improved when Robert Fulton

invented the steamboat

Steamboats allowed for up-river travel and reduced

shipping time and costs

Page 40: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Canals and steamboats allowed Western farmers to buy manufactured farm equipment, reduce shipping costs

by 90%, and increase their profits

Page 41: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

In the 1830s, railroad construction first began

The growth of trains was slow because they were expensive and competed

with canals, but…

They were faster than roads and canals, could

travel in any season, and could go in any direction

By 1860, railroads were the dominant means of

transportation in America

Page 42: ■ Essential Question: – How did the development of regional economies & Clay’s American System led to a national market economy? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit

Closure Activity: Label each region of the nation and its economic specialty