all living things are made of one or more cells
TRANSCRIPT
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All living things are made of one or
more CELLS.
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Some organisms consist of ONE cell
while others have MANY cells.
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Regardless of the number of cells, living things must carry on all the life PROCESSES.
This cell is in the process of cell REPRODUCTION.
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Since cells cannot be seen with the naked eye, the invention of the…..MICROSCOPE was very important to the discovery of cells.
It was not until the mid-1600’s that microscopes were used to examine the parts of living things.
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One of the first scientists to use a compound microscope was…..
ROBERT HOOKE who examined thin slices of CORK and other plant tissues.
He found that they contained BOXLIKE structures which he called CELLS.
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What Hooke saw, however, were the walls of….
…DEAD cells.
He never observed the cells of living things.
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek examined drops of….
POND water using a very powerful single-lens microscope.
Leeuwenhoek also observed human BLOOD cells and BACTERIA which are the smallest kinds of cells.
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It was not until the early 1800’s that the cellular nature of living things began to gain attention. 1824 – Henry
Dutrochet
Proposed that all living things were made from cells.
1831 – Robert Brown
Observed and named the NUCLEUS
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Schleiden and Schwann
1838 – Matthias Schleiden
Developed the theory that all plants contained cells.
1839 – Theodor Schwann
Proposed that all animals contained cells.
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Purkinje and Virchow
1839 – Johannes Purkinje
Used the term “protoplasm” to refer to the jelly-like material in a cell.
1855 – Rudolf Virchow
Stated that all living cells came from other cells.
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Schultze and Dujardin
1861 – Max Schultze
Defined “protoplasm” as the physical basis of life.
1861 – Felix Dujardin
Recognized the existence of one-celled organisms.
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By the end of the 1800’s scientists discovered many structures that lie WITHIN a cell. They were also able to describe the events of cell DIVISION in which one cell splits to form TWO cells.
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As a result of the work of these scientists, the main points of the CELL THEORY were stated.
The Cell Theory states that….
› All organisms are made of ONE or more CELLS
› All cells carry on LIFE ACTIVITIES
› New cells ARISE only from other LIVING cells by the process of CELL DIVISION.
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There are THREE (3) exceptions to the cell theory.
The first cell could not have come from a pre-existing cell.
Although viruses can carry on many life processes, they DO NOT contain cells
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA and can reproduce within a cell.