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1A molecular compound made of hydrogen and carbon.2To remove impurities from the raw materials. This makes useful products.3Provides large quantities of energy and can used to synthesize many items.4Pure Single substance of uniform composition. Petroleum is a complex mixture.5Contains many impurities.616 % or 3 million barrels84 % or 16 million barrels7Natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, diesel fuel.8Discuss9Gaoline, fuel, plastics, medicines, cosmetics, adhesives.10The Middle EastAsia11North America, Asia, Europe.Central and South America, Africa, Middle East.12If they do not form a solution when they are mixed. 13Water & Acetone.Boiling points are most different of any combination.14Sketch should include distillation flask, heat source, thermometer, condenser and catch container.15Temperature vs. timeTwo plateaus at approximately 56.5 and 100 C.16Simple- Batch process; mixtures into single components.Continuous process. Mixtures into fractions17Light- Gasoline, solvents.Medium-kerosene, jet fuel alcohols.

17 continuedHeavy Fuel oil, diesel fuel, lubricants.Residues- asphalt, paraffin, petroleum jelly, greases.18Bottom- Requires the most energy to vaporize. Highest intermolecular bond strength.19Further distillation20Methane, Pentane, Hexane, Octane.21A bond formed by sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms.22No energetic advantages to sharing electrons for such atoms.23Electrons are attracted to the nuclei of each atom. They belong to neither but share time with both.24A valence shell electron.25Simpler to Draw26Arrangements of atoms within the molecule.Molecules are 3D. 2D molecules show more rigidity than really exists27See board example.28Only valence electrons are shown. Carbon has 2 inner shell electrons that are not represented.29C9H20C16H34C10H22C18H3830128 g/mol226 g/mol142 g/mol254 g/mol31Propane, C3H8Pentane, C5H1232Ane implies that all carbon atoms are linked in single covalent bonds.