Social economic assessment in the Ohrid-Prespa basin:

development questions and pressure on environment

conditions. Vleresimi social ekonomik i

basenit Oher-Prespe: ceshtje te

zhvillimit dhe presioni ne mjedis. Doc. Albana Jupe, RCRD

6 communas situated near by Protected Area of Shrebenike,

2 communas surrounding Ohrid Lake 2 communas in border with Prespa Lake

Data on socio-economic analysis

83% of the population resided in rural areas (Census 1923).

63% of the population was rural (Census of 1990)

the urban population(53.7%) exceeded the rural population (Census 2011, INSTAT, 2012).

Survey resultsPopulation

Survey resultsPopulation (Shrebenik protected area)

Total population in Protected Area of Shrebenik, 1990-2011

Structure of population in Elbasan prefecture, 2001-2011

Source: Questionnaire

Source: INSTAT, Census 2011

Survey resultsPopulation (Shrebenik protected area)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400Number 1990

Number 2010

Source: Questionnaire,

Population in Liqenas and Proger, 1990 dhe 2010

Structure of population in Korca prefecture, 2001-2011

Source: INSTAT, Census 2011

Survey resultsEmployment

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Liqenas

Kallamas

G. e Madhe

Diellas

G. e Vogel

Gollomboc

Zaroshke

Lajthize

Cerje

Local administration Agriculture Fishery Livestock Emigration

Employment at Ohrid Lake CommunesEmployment at Liqenas Commune

Structure of employment, Protected Area of Shrebenik communes

Forests Forests in communes under the study are designated

as protected areas, illegal cutting especially for household requirements

such as heating, cooking and grazing. Fuel wood, fodder and timber requirements: The

entire community fulfills their fuel wood and fodder requirements basely from the forest

have been employed on harvesting companies licensed from Ministry of Environment, Forest and Water Administration, contributing in the welfare of their living

the interest of workers towards the collection of non-wood forestry products

Survey resultsDependence on natural resources

Survey results energy

Nr Commune Wood Heating

Annual Average Consumption

Per family (m3)

Wood

Cooking families

Electrical cooking

families

Nr. of station pumping for dirking water

Nr of individual station pumping

1 Hotolisht 946 51 942 36 3 62 Lunik 903 59 903 0 0  3 Quke 1705 96 1707 2 0 04 Rrajce 1466 52 1416 55 18 55 Stebleve 178 75 178 0 0 06 Qender 1640 83 1434 196 38 07

Total Stebleva

Protected Area 6,838 416 6,580 289 59 111 Liqenas 1266 10.31 1108 158 64 110

2 Proger 119 12 119     32

  Total Prespa Lake Communes

1,385 22.31 1,227 158 64 1421 Bucimas 3480 12 3480 1213 10 38102 Hudenisht 1940 68 1940 383 9 9503

Total Ohri Lake Communes 5,420 80 5,420 1,96 19 4,760

Energy use and kind for all villages/families of Shrebenik Protected Area, Ohrid, Prespa Lake communes

Survey results Agriculture

Survey resultsLivestock

Livestock at Shrebenik communes (1990 and 2011)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Cow Sheeps Goats Pigs Equine Beelive Chicken

Liqenas 1990

Liqenas 2010

Proger 1990

Proger 2010

All the communes under this study possess all the attributes (mountain, lakes, rivers, diversity of birds

a traditional cuisine based on natural products to develop the adventures tourism.

a very low part of their incomes, especially in Liqenas and Proger villages.

Lack of infrastructure for ecotourism

Survey resultsTourism

I. Addressing the problems of poverty and improving the socio-economic condition of local community that could have positive impact on ecosystems conservation through the necessary to promote activities that use natural resources in a sustainable manner, and to provide for alternative activities to reduce poverty.

Reccomandation

Provision of technical assistance and capacity improvement through training farmers would enable the reduction of negative effects as a result of the use of natural resources.

Develop marketing channels that would connect the agriculture products to consumer demand.

Promote organic farming, technical and financial assistance.

ReccomandationAgriculture sector

revealed an increasing trend in livestock number and a low productivity in milk, butter, meat etc.

Good quality breeds could reduce number of excessive livestock and increase the production

Good practices on husbandry and livestock management disease.

Good practices on fodder for livestock to reduce pressure on pastures.

ReccomandationLivestock sector

Good practice on tourism and hospitality through training of the community

Identify and promote biological and cultural diversity of the areas in order to attract local, national and international tourist.

Design and publish brochures, pamphlets, booklets, map on attracted biological and cultural diversity of the area.

Develop infrastructure access, increasing awareness near by the responsible authorities on benefits/advantages on eco-tourism developed in the area.

Develop projects on eco-tourism management and present to the donators in order to get financial aid in developing tourists’ facilities establishment.

ReccomandationEco-tourism promotion

II. Promote forest conservation through community participation Best practice in management of forest

resources in the area through training of community needs.

Best Practices for collectors and dealers of NWFP.

Carry out out scientific research on several aspects of forest resources to recognize and analyze the current problems on forest resource

Recommandation

III. Increase the community skills to ensure community participation on natural resource management Best practice on management skills through

training of responsible organizations, persons. Help them in preparing projects and find

linkages with national and international donators.

Reccomandation

Cost benefit analysis

(www.ecosystemvaluation.org)