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Chapter 1

The ChemicalWorld

Laurie LeBlancCuyamaca College

Clicker Questions

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A. the mystical search for the meaning of life.B. the science of what matter does by studying

atoms and molecules.C. speculation about the nature of atoms and

molecules.D. None of theseE. All of these

Chemistry is

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A. the mystical search for the meaning of life.B. the science of what matter does by studying

atoms and molecules.C. speculation about the nature of atoms and

molecules.D. None of theseE. All of these

Chemistry is

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A. observations.B. models.C. laws.D. experiments.E. guesses.

Theories are validated by

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A. observations.B. models.C. laws.D. experiments.E. guesses.

Theories are validated by

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A. scientific theory.B. scientific law.C. hypothesis.D. fact.E. experiment.

A brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones is called a

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A. scientific theory.B. scientific law.C. hypothesis.D. fact.E. experiment.

A brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones is called a

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A. observations and experimentation. B. facts and scientific laws.C. theories and opinions.D. hypotheses and models.E. None of the above

The scientific method emphasizes

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A. observations and experimentation. B. facts and scientific laws.C. theories and opinions.D. hypotheses and models.E. None of the above

The scientific method emphasizes

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A. ObservationB. Scientific methodC. Scientific lawD. Scientific theoryE. Hypothesis

Which term best fits the following definition: “A theory before it has become well established”?

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A. ObservationB. Scientific methodC. Scientific lawD. Scientific theoryE. Hypothesis

Which term best fits the following definition: “A theory before it has become well established”?

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A. WaterB. SugarC. Light D. GasolineE. Sand

Which of the following would NOT be considered matter?

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A. WaterB. SugarC. Light D. GasolineE. Sand

Which of the following would NOT be considered matter?

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A. Observe some aspect of nature.B. Develop a scientific hypothesis.C. Design a detailed experiment.D. Check the results in triplicate.E. Develop a scientific law to summarize observations.

What is the first step in the scientific method?

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A. Observe some aspect of nature.B. Develop a scientific hypothesis.C. Design a detailed experiment.D. Check the results in triplicate.E. Develop a scientific law to summarize observations.

What is the first step in the scientific method?

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A. sticky atoms.B. strong attachments.C. chemical bonds.D. molecular bonds.E. attractive forces.

The connections that hold atoms to each other are called

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A. sticky atoms.B. strong attachments.C. chemical bonds.D. molecular bonds.E. attractive forces.

The connections that hold atoms to each other are called

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A. All matter contains the same mass.B. Matter can be converted to less massive things.C. Matter can be converted to more massive things. D. Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a

chemical reaction.E. Mass can be either created or saved in a

chemical reaction.

Which of the following statements best describes the Law of Conservation of Mass?

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A. All matter contains the same mass.B. Matter can be converted to less massive things.C. Matter can be converted to more massive things. D. Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a

chemical reaction.E. Mass can be either created or saved in a

chemical reaction.

Which of the following statements best describes the Law of Conservation of Mass?

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A. Lead B. Salt C. CarD. ChairE. All of the above

Which of the following can be classified as matter?

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A. Lead B. Salt C. CarD. ChairE. All of the above

Which of the following can be classified as matter?

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A. CuriosityB. The ability to work hardC. The ability to do calculationsD. LoyaltyE. a, b, and c above

Which of the following are important qualities of a successful chemist?

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A. CuriosityB. The ability to work hardC. The ability to do calculationsD. LoyaltyE. a, b, and c above

Which of the following are important qualities of a successful chemist?

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A. Dalton B. LavoisierC. Proust D. RutherfordE. Aristotle

Which one of the following scientists stated and studied the Law of Conservation of Mass?

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A. Dalton B. LavoisierC. Proust D. RutherfordE. Aristotle

Which one of the following scientists stated and studied the Law of Conservation of Mass?

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A. DaltonB. LavoisierC. ProustD. RutherfordE. Aristotle

Which scientist proposed that all matter was composed of small, indestructible particles called atoms?

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A. DaltonB. LavoisierC. ProustD. RutherfordE. Aristotle

Which scientist proposed that all matter was composed of small, indestructible particles called atoms?

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A. AirB. Shampoo C. WaterD. TurpentineE. All of the above

Which of the following is a chemical?

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A. AirB. Shampoo C. WaterD. TurpentineE. All of the above

Which of the following is a chemical?

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A. A scientific hypothesis can be scrutinized; a theory is widely accepted and never changes.

B. A hypothesis is a summary of observed behavior; a theory is an explanation of the behavior.

C. Once a hypothesis has been proven to be accurate, it becomes a theory.

D. A scientific hypothesis is a testable assumption; a theory is an accepted model used to more fully explain past observations and laws.

E. A hypothesis is a definite explanation for an observation; a theory is just an educated guess.

What is the difference between a scientific hypothesis and a theory?

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A. A scientific hypothesis can be scrutinized; a theory is widely accepted and never changes.

B. A hypothesis is a summary of observed behavior; a theory is an explanation of the behavior.

C. Once a hypothesis has been proven to be accurate, it becomes a theory.

D. A scientific hypothesis is a testable assumption; a theory is an accepted model used to more fully explain past observations and laws.

E. A hypothesis is a definite explanation for an observation; a theory is just an educated guess.

What is the difference between a scientific hypothesis and a theory?

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A. The addition of battery acid to sugar results in the formation of a black substance and smoke.

B. Gases consist of molecules in constantrandom motion.

C. The burning of wood results in a flame, heat, smoke, and ash.

D. Copper metal conducts electricity.E. None of the above

Which of the following is an example of a scientific theory?

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A. The addition of battery acid to sugar results in the formation of a black substance and smoke.

B. Gases consist of molecules in constantrandom motion.

C. The burning of wood results in a flame, heat, smoke, and ash.

D. Copper metal conducts electricity.E. None of the above

Which of the following is an example of a scientific theory?

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Which of the following is an example of an observation?

A. Energy may be converted from one form to another, but the total quantity of energy remains constant.

B. Gases consist of molecules in constant random motion.

C. The burning of wood results in a flame, heat,smoke, and ash.

D. A pure compound always contains definite or constant proportions of elements by mass.

E. None of the above

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Which of the following is an example of an observation?

A. Energy may be converted from one form to another, but the total quantity of energy remains constant.

B. Gases consist of molecules in constant random motion.

C. The burning of wood results in a flame, heat,smoke, and ash.

D. A pure compound always contains definite or constant proportions of elements by mass.

E. None of the above

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Which of the following is a scientific law?

A. Energy may be converted from one form to another, but the total quantity of energy remains constant.

B. Gases consist of molecules in constant random motion.C. The burning of wood results in a flame, heat, smoke,

and ash.D. At absolute zero, the motion of all atoms stops.E. None of the above

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Which of the following is a scientific law?

A. Energy may be converted from one form to another, but the total quantity of energy remains constant.

B. Gases consist of molecules in constant random motion.C. The burning of wood results in a flame, heat, smoke,

and ash.D. At absolute zero, the motion of all atoms stops.E. None of the above

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A. Dalton B. LavoisierC. ProustD. RutherfordE. Aristotle

Which scientist disproved the existence of Phlogiston?

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A. Dalton B. LavoisierC. ProustD. RutherfordE. Aristotle

Which scientist disproved the existence of Phlogiston?

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A. The scientific method is a way of learning that uses observations and experimentation.

B. An observation is an educated guess.

C. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of a series of observations.

D. A scientific law synthesizes past observations and predicts future ones.

E. None of the above

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

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A. The scientific method is a way of learning that uses observations and experimentation.

B. An observation is an educated guess.

C. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of a series of observations.

D. A scientific law synthesizes past observations and predicts future ones.

E. None of the above

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

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A. The state of the substance at room temperature

B. The way a substance tastes

C. The odor of the substance

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

The kinds of atoms that form molecules of a substance and the way they are arranged determine which of the following?

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A. The state of the substance at room temperature

B. The way a substance tastes

C. The odor of the substance

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

The kinds of atoms that form molecules of a substance and the way they are arranged determine which of the following?

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A. Chemicals can only be found in the laboratory.

B. Chemicals make up virtually everything we come in contact with.

C. All chemicals are dangerous.

D. Ordinary things are made of chemicals.

E. Both b and d are true.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

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A. Chemicals can only be found in the laboratory.

B. Chemicals make up virtually everything we come in contact with.

C. All chemicals are dangerous.

D. Ordinary things are made of chemicals.

E. Both b and d are true.

Which of the following statements is/are true?

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A. Proust

B. Feynman

C. Rutherford

D. Lavoisier

E. Dalton

Which of the following scientists said that the most important idea in all human knowledge is that all things are made of atoms?

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A. Proust

B. Feynman

C. Rutherford

D. Lavoisier

E. Dalton

Which of the following scientists said that the most important idea in all human knowledge is that all things are made of atoms?