zuerich, july 4, 2012 shape realization carlo h. séquin university of california, berkeley
TRANSCRIPT
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ZUERICH, July 4, ZUERICH, July 4, 20122012
Shape Realization
Carlo H. Séquin
University of California, Berkeley
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CITRIS Building Startup Space Committees Plenary2
Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society
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CITRIS Building Startup Space Committees Plenary3
A few typical spaces . . .Small conference roomSmall conference room Signature conference roomSignature conference room
(sixth floor)(sixth floor)
Entrance to main auditoriumEntrance to main auditoriumEntrance corridorEntrance corridor
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CITRIS Building Startup Space Committees Plenary4
Main Auditorium (third floor)
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CITRIS: Digging a HoleCITRIS: Digging a Hole
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Pouring the Mud SlabPouring the Mud Slab
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Wall Construction: ReBarWall Construction: ReBar
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Steel Frame RisingSteel Frame Rising
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Fearless Steel WorkersFearless Steel Workers
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Facade Going UpFacade Going Up
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Building Almost CompleteBuilding Almost Complete
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Complex Work on the InteriorComplex Work on the Interior
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Brent CollinsBrent Collins’’ ““Pax MundiPax Mundi””
1997: wood, 301997: wood, 30””diam.diam.
2006: Commission from H&R Block, Kansas Cityto make a 70”diameter version in bronze.
My task: to define the master geometry.
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Target GeometryTarget Geometry
Constraints:• Bronze; 70” diameter• Less than 1500 pounds• Less than $50’000• Maintain beauty, strength• Minimize master geometry
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SLIDE-GUI for SLIDE-GUI for ““Pax MundiPax Mundi”” Shapes ShapesGood combination of interactive 3D graphicsand parameterizable procedural constructs.
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Sculptures by Naum GaboSculptures by Naum Gabo
Pathway on a sphere:
Edge of surface is like seam of tennis- or base-ball;
2-period Gabo curve.
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2-period 2-period ““Gabo CurveGabo Curve””
Approximation with quartic B-splinewith 8 control points per period,but only 3 DOF are used (symmetry!).
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4-period 4-period ““Gabo CurveGabo Curve””
Same construction as for as for 2-period curve
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Pax MundiPax Mundi Revisited Revisited Can be seen as:
Amplitude modulated, 4-period Gabo curve
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2-period Gabo sculpture2-period Gabo sculpture
Tennis ball – or baseball – seam used assweep curve.
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““Viae GlobiViae Globi”” Family Family (Roads on a Sphere)(Roads on a Sphere)
2 3 4 5 periods
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Many Different Many Different ““Viae GlobiViae Globi”” Models Models
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Emulation; Define Master PatternEmulation; Define Master Pattern
Use 4 copies.
Master to make a mold from.
Alignment tab
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Model of Master Part Made with FDMModel of Master Part Made with FDM
4 pieces make the whole sculpture
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Joe ValasekJoe Valasek’’s CNC Milling Machines CNC Milling Machine
Styrofoam milling machine
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Design of Two-Part MasterDesign of Two-Part Master
Alignment tabs for easy assembly
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Subdivide into Subdivide into TwoTwo Master Segments Master Segments
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Machined Master Pattern #2Machined Master Pattern #2
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(Cut) Master (Cut) Master Silicone Rubber MoldSilicone Rubber Mold
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MoldMold Several (4) Wax Copies Several (4) Wax Copies
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SpruingSpruing the the Wax PartsWax Parts for Casting for Casting
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Ceramic Slurry ShellCeramic Slurry Shell Around Wax Part Around Wax Part
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Taking the Taking the ShellShell out of the out of the KilnKiln
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ShellShell Ready Ready for Castingfor Casting
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The The PourPour
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Casting with Casting with Liquid BronzeLiquid Bronze
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Freeing the Freeing the Bronze CastBronze Cast
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Assembling the SegmentsAssembling the Segments
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The The ““GrowingGrowing”” Ribbon Ribbon
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The Assembly is Too Squat !!The Assembly is Too Squat !!
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Changing the CurvatureChanging the Curvature
PHYSICS is important too ...PHYSICS is important too ...
not just Geometry !not just Geometry !
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Static DisplacementStatic Displacement
“Pax Mundi” “Music of the Spheres”
red = maximal, blue = minimal displacement
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Grinding the Welded Seams,Grinding the Welded Seams,Polishing the SurfacePolishing the Surface
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Applying PatinaApplying Patina
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Front Door of the ...Front Door of the ...
H&R Block Building
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The Final DestinationThe Final Destination
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Steve Reinmuth Tightening the BoltsSteve Reinmuth Tightening the Bolts
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Brent Collins Polishing Our BabyBrent Collins Polishing Our Baby
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Team effort: Brent Collins, Steve Reinmuth, Carlo Séquin
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ObservationsObservations Engineering considerations took much more time than
the original shape design. Scale partitioning of shape
How to create the master pattern
Fabrication issue become a much bigger concern when you plan to make several copies ! Complexity and reusability of molds
Work required to finishing a sculpture
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Yet Another Medium: Yet Another Medium: StoneStone
“Pillar of Engineering”
Sponsored by Paul Suciu (EECS alum)
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Pillar of Engineering at UCBPillar of Engineering at UCB
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Fall 2011: CS 285 at UCBFall 2011: CS 285 at UCBSolid Modeling and Rapid PrototypingSolid Modeling and Rapid Prototyping
Give the students some experience with fabrication issues!
Dissection puzzles are an ideal medium:
-- they enhance the spatial visualization skills;
-- they force students to address issues of accuracy, tolerances, materials properties.
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One Problem StatementOne Problem Statement
Design a two- or three-piece geometrical puzzle in which a shape splits into all congruent parts via a helical screw motion.
Teams of 3-4 students
Conceptual discussions in class
A first design + Individual feedback
Initial design to be fabricated on FDM machine
2nd, “final” design, hopefully yielding a working puzzle
ExecutionExecution
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Simple Helicoidal DissectionsSimple Helicoidal Dissections
3-part CAD model Cross section Scaling function
A sweep producing a tear-drop shape
z
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First FDM PartsFirst FDM Parts
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Rapid Prototyping with FDMRapid Prototyping with FDM
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A Look Into the FDM MachineA Look Into the FDM Machine
A sculpture-build in progress; note grey support!
2 NOZZLES
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A Second Set of PartsA Second Set of PartsThere are still problems:
The parts may not slide together completely!
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Advanced Helicoidal DissectionsAdvanced Helicoidal Dissections
• This design started with the outer shape: a cube• then partitioned it in to 3 parts with helicoidal cuts
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Generalization: Multi-Prong DissectionsGeneralization: Multi-Prong Dissections
Design a straight configuration and then twist the whole thing
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Two 3-Prong PartsTwo 3-Prong Parts
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. . . and they fit together!. . . and they fit together!
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How to get the initial creative How to get the initial creative concept into the computer ?concept into the computer ?
From a vague vision in your head . . .
or a doodle on a piece of paper . . .
or some twisted pipe-cleaners . . .
to a first CAD model in a computer.
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Tele-Collaborative VR Workstation Tele-Collaborative VR Workstation for Designing Across the Internetfor Designing Across the Internet
(with Sara McMains, ME)(with Sara McMains, ME)
See in 3D,Touch, feel,Annotate,Modify,Share,
Discuss …
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Collaborative VR WorkstationCollaborative VR Workstation
A student interacting with a Ford Explorer model displayed on the workstation
(simulated 3D effect showing the part where the user perceives it to be).
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Model AnnotationModel Annotation
Drawing on a virtual bunny with a brush tool with haptic force-feedback.
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CAD tools for Ideation, Informal PrototypingCAD tools for Ideation, Informal Prototyping
These are things I am using:
wire, paper, scotch-tape, paper clips, styrofoam, clay, …
Touch and proprioception (knowing where your hands are), as well as the elastic properties of the material used,play an important role.
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““Frank GehryFrank Gehry”” Style of Design Style of Design
Drape some cloth over any kind of support . . . and then change it again a few days later!
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CAD ManifestoCAD Manifesto
We want to add real objects into the VR world !
Not only turn VR shapes into physical objects,
or superpose VR entities onto the real worldto produce an Augmented Reality.
We want to grab a physical artifact:
a toy, a slat, a metal band, a peace of velvet, . . .
shape it, deform it, bend it, . . . and go “click” !
-- and have that shape show up in a design file!
Perhaps based on a Kinect or Structured Light …
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CAD Manifesto (cont.)CAD Manifesto (cont.)
We want a shape-editing & composition system that:
mimiks the best of: clay, wire, paper, scotch-tape, styrofoam …
without the adversity of: messy glue, gravity, strength limits …
makes available pseudo-physical materials that bend as nicely as steel wire, or stretch like a nylon hose, but are strong as titanium, and as transparent as quartz, and … (your own priorities).
Who is going to sign up ?
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Q U E S T I O N S ?Q U E S T I O N S ?
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Cubic Burr PuzzleCubic Burr Puzzle
3D Dissection Puzzles – an educational tool: Train 3-D spatial thinking
Give “hands-on” feedback about accuracy & tolerances
Fun artifacts to take away as souvenirs; good “motivators”
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Burr Puzzle AssemblyBurr Puzzle Assembly
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Some ObservationsSome Observations
Interactive graphics ==> enhanced creativity
I would like a more expressive user interface – particularly for the first stages of capturing an idea and getting it into the computer.
I am still using paper, wire, styrofoam, etc ...to explore new ideas.
However, the computer is great: for refining and optimizing a design,
for incrementally extending the scope.
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Inverse 3D Modeling Inverse 3D Modeling (with Jimmy Andrews)(with Jimmy Andrews)
Capture a hierarchically flat model in a parameterized procedural description that fits the users plan and can easily be modified.
• Yellow strokes (#1) defines the start of a progressive sweep.
• An optional 2nd stroke extends or restricts the sweep range.
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Versatility of Progressive SweepsVersatility of Progressive Sweeps• Different starting strokes and different error tolerances result in a wide variety of possible extracted sweeps.
• Sweep path and profiles can be edited independently.
• Surface details with respect to the extracted sweep can be conserved and reapplied after any editing moves, or they can be ignored or smoothed out.
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Editing On-the-FlyEditing On-the-Fly• A rotational sweep around the z-axis is specified.• A “thick profile” is extracted by collapsing φ-component.
• Portions of the “thick profile” can be selected and moved;• the corresponding surface elements move radially:• (a) the whole nose and cheeks area is enlarged;• (b) only the nose is stretched.
(a) (b)
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““Music of the SpheresMusic of the Spheres””
Original by Brent Collins Generated maquette (Séquin)
Commission for a new Science Building, Missouri Western State University, St. Joseph
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Re-Proportioned SculptureRe-Proportioned Sculpture
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““Music of the SpheresMusic of the Spheres”” (6 views) (6 views)
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Fabricating Fabricating ““Music of the SpheresMusic of the Spheres””
The molds for some pieces One of the wax replica
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Applying Plaster SlurryApplying Plaster Slurry
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Some Segments Will Be Cast HollowSome Segments Will Be Cast Hollow