Zimbabwe News, Vol. 16, No. 5

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Zimbabwe News, Vol. 16, No. 5

Alternative title Zimbabwe News

Author/Creator Zimbabwe African National Union

Publisher Zimbabwe African National Union (Harare, Zimbabwe)

Date 1985-05-00 - 1985-06-00

Resource type Magazines (Periodicals)

Language English

Subject

Coverage (spatial) Zimbabwe

Coverage (temporal) 1985

Source Northwestern University Libraries, L968.91005 Z711v.14-16

Rights By kind permission of ZANU, the Zimbabwe African NationalUnion Patriotic Front.

Description Editorial. List of Candidates. Zvinangwa neZvirongwazve-ZANU (PF) by Chidadiso Murusununguko. The Policiesand Programmes of ZANU (PF) A Proud Record ofAchievement. Izinqumo Lenhlelo ze-ZANU (PF)Ingqubelaphambili Ebukekayo. President Addresses NationIndependence Anniversary. May Day — Labour Day PM OnPay Increase.

Format extent(length/size)

38 page(s)

http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nuzn198505

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wis

wisGHT ANDMWBABWEwe Newsof ZANU(PF)Road, Workington, (ird. sales tax) a Newspaper 70.The Candidates of ZANU (PF)Zvinangwa nezvirongwa zve-ZANU (PF): Chidadiso MurbusunungukoThe Policies and Programmes of ZANU (PFY A Proud Record of AchievementP' ze-ZANJ (PF):ngqub~laphambiliEbukek yoPos erAllCentral Con tMembe m t~F( -/;;: R--

Contents,,,May Day Address: Prime Minister Robert Gabriel Mugabe (see page30)Editorial ................................................... 1List of Candidates .......................................... 2 & 3Zvinangwa neZvirongwazve-ZANU (PF) Chidadiso Murusununguko ....... 4 The Policies andProgrammesof ZANU (PF) A Proud Record of Achievement ...... 4Izinqumo Lenhleloze-ZANU (PF) lngqubelaphambili Ebukekayo ...... 4President Addresses Nation Independence Anniversary ............. 22May Day - Labour Day PM On Pay Increase ................ 30Independence Address: President Canaan Banana (see page 22)"I , I 111General Election 1985. Worker of the Year: Vote ZANU (PF)!Comrade Phineas Makovere (seepage 32)Zimbabwe News is the official News Organ of the Zimbabwe African NationalUnion (ZAN U/PF) and is prociucedon the authority of the Central Committee bythe Department of Information and Publicity, Jongwe Printing andPublishingCo., No 14 Austin Road, Workington, Harare. World Copyright, CentralCommittee (ZANUIPF).Pictures by Jongwe Archives, Herald and Ministry of Informallon

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Zimbabwe News VolJ6 No. 5 MaylJune 19851EditorialThe Republic of Zimbabwe will shortly be holding its first Post IndependenceElections five years after the Independence flame was lit. The Government hastaken all constitutional measures necessary to hold free and fair elections.The way the elections are conducted is stipulated in the Election Schedule of theLancaster House Constitution. It is the Constitution that tells us what to do andnot ZANU (PF).There are four bodies that are responsible to ensure that elections are free and fair.1. The Cabinet Committee on Elections which ischaired by the Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs, ComradeEddison Zvobgo and consists of four other government Ministers is responsiblefor organisation of the election process, ensuring that all safeguards are met inorder forZimbabwe to hold Free and Fair elections.The Committee which also includes the Minister of National Supplies ComradeEnos Nkala, the Minister of Information, Posts and Telecommunications ComradeNathan Shamuyarira, the Minister of Security, Comrade Emmerson Munangagwaand the Minister of Home Affairs, Comrade Simbi Mubako has been meetingover the past year making certain that the various committees or commissionscharged with the holding of elections are not confronted with unsurmountableproblems.2. The National Election Directorate is a Committee oftop ranking civil servants chaired by Mr. Malcom Thomson - the Chairman of thePublic Service Commission who was Chairman of a similar committee during the1980 election which brought independence to Zimbabwe. The other members ofthe Election Directorate are the Permanent Secretaries in the Ministry of Justice,Legal and Parliamentary Affairs and Local Government and TownPlanning,Comrades David Zamchiya and Dr. Mariyawanda Nzuwa respectively, theRegistrar-General Comrade Tobaiwa Mudede and the Commissioner of Police.The responsibilities of this committee are to register voters, ensurethat the votingsystem is impeccable and approve Returning Officers, making sure that votingslips are in order, Party Symbols are registered and that all polling booths have allthe necessarypapers needed for voting.Two point eight million Zimbabweans have now been registered as voters andcivil servants of varying levels are now holding regular meetings supervised bythe National Elections Directorate in preparationfor the forthcoming General Elections.3. The Delimitation Commission is responsible for ensuring that the80constituencies for the common voters roll and the 20 constituencies reserved for

the whites by the Lancaster House Agreement are prepared in line with theConstitutional requirements.The commission which is headed by Judge President Wilson Sanduraandincludes Comrade Tranos Makombe, President of the Senate, Professor ReginaldAustin and Mrs. Amina Hughes - member of the Board of Governors oftheZimbabwe Broad-AIAFREE AND FAIR ELECTIONScasting Corporation reports directly to the President of the Republicof Zimbabwe,Comrade Canaan Banana as required by the Constitution and not tothe Government.In line with the Constitution the Delimitation Commission which is not controlledby Government, has to make sure that no constituency is ten per cent larger orsmaller than another. The Kariba constituency for example, shouldnot have tenper cent more or less voters than Karoi. This is as it is stipulated in theLancasterHouse Constitution. Ian Smith, Abel Muzorewa and Joshua Nkomo were atLancaster and they agreed to this constitution that the government is abiding by.According to the Zimbabwe Constitution, the Judiciary is independent of thegovernment.This is guaranteed in the Lancaster HouseConstitution.4. The Fourth and last is the Election Supervisory Commission whichis chargedwith overall supervision and Superintendance of the Elections. ThisCommissioninteracts and co-ordinates with other Commissions to ensure that the voters havebeen registered, the elections are conducted in a free and fair atmosphere andmembers of the House of Assemblyand Senate are elected in the proper manner.Every proposed Bill and Statutory Instrument or Regulation goes to thisCommission for comments.The Election Supervisory Commission is entitled to make reports to the Presidenton matters it feels reports should be made and also makes reports when requestedto do so. They can receive complaints from individuals, constituencies andpolitical parties. The Registrar-General attends meetings of this Commission inorder to provide it with the overall picture ofthe stage being set for the elections.Since these elections are being held according to the Lancaster HouseConstitution and not as per ZANU (PF)'s request, it is this independentCommission which advised government to postpone the elections fromlast Marchbecause it felt they would not have been free and fair since a numberofconstitutional requirements, such as the registration of voters, hadnot been metsatisfactorily. The Election Supervisory Commission is Chaired by the ViceChancellor of the University of Zimbabwe, Professor Walter Kamba.The other members are Mrs. Muriel Rosin a former member of Parliament, Mr.Patrick Chinamasa lawyer, Bishop Hatendl of the Anglican Church and Mr. J.Z.Gumede who was President of ZimbabweRhodesia regime.

Two of its members were appointed by the President on the advice of theJudiciary and Public Service Commission while the other two were appointed onthe advice of the Speaker of the House of Assembly.The Government of the Rebpublic of Zimbabwe has been meticulousin seeingthat all constitutional requirements have been met. It has left no stone unturned indoing all it can to abide by the Lancaster House Constitution and ensuring that theFirst PostIndependence Elections are truly Free and Fair.ZimDaowe News Vo1.16 No. 5 May/June 1985

2" Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 ZimbabweNewsBoundaries of Constituencies do not necessarily correspond withthat of ProvincesThe Candidates of ZANU (PF)Mashonaland East:HighfieldChinamoraChitungwizaDzivaresekwa Glen ViewG oromonziHarare Manyame Marondera Mbare MudziMufakose Mukuvisi Murehwa NorthMurehwa South Mutoko Zengeza- Cde. Robert Mugabe;- Cde. Herbert Ushewokunze;- Cde. Witness Mangwende;- Cde. M. Nyagumbo;- Cde. I. Mashonganyika.- Cde. Bute;- Cde. Bernard Chidzero;- Cde. Robert Marere;- Cde. Sydney Sekeramayi;- Cde. Edward Pswarayi;- Cde. Abraham Kabasa.- Cde. J. Zhakata;- Cde. Amos Midzi;- Cde. P. Chabaya;- Cde. David Karimanzira;- Cde. Richard Katsande;- Cde. J. Madzinga.Mashonaland West:Chegutu East Chegutu West Kadoma Kariba Karoi Makonde East MakondeNorthMakonde West- Cde. Alexio Mudzingwa;- Cde. Enos Chikowore;

- Cde. Charles Ndlovu;- Cde.Robson Manyika; Cde. E. Kwenda.- Cde. Sabina Mugabe;- Cde. Swithun Mombeshora;- Cde. Nathan Shamuyarira.Mashonaland Central:Bindura-Shamva - Cde. Teurai Ropa Nhongo;Darwin - Cde. G. Rutanhire;Guruve - Cde. R. Mucheki;Mazowe - Cde. Chen Chimutengwende;Rushinga - Cde. Paddington Zvorwadza.Matabeleland North:BingaBulawayoHwange/Tsholotsho LupaneMagwegweMpopomaNkayi Pelandaba NyamandlovuCde. Jacob Mudenda; Cde. Amina Hughes; Cde. Obed Mpofu; Cde. SellinaTshabalala. Cde.Reuben Zemura; Cde. Josiah Chidyamakono; Cde. SimonNdebele; Cde. Amanda Ntuli; Cde. Shadreck Ndlovu.

qIMoao-we News Vo1.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985MatabelelandBeitbridge Bulilima-Mangwe Gwanda Insiza Matopo MzingwaneSouth:- Cde. John Mbedzi;- Cde. Callistus Ndlovu;- Cde. Alick Ndlovu;- Cde. Enos Nkala;- Cde. J. Dhube;- Cde. Joshua Masilela.Midlands:Charter East Chirumanzi Gokwe East Gokwe West Gvyeru Gweru UrbanKwekwe East Kwekwe West Shurugwi Wedza Zvishavane Mberengwa NorthMberengwa SouthManicaland:Buhera North Buhera South Chimanimani Chipinge Makoni East Makoni WestMutare East Mutare Urban Mutare West Mutasa NyangaMasvingo:BikitaChiviChiredzi North Chiredzi South Gutu North Gutu South Masvingo NorthMasvingo South Mwenezi Ndanga East Ndanga-Zimuto- Cde.- Cde.

- Cde.- Cde.- Cde.- Cde.- Cde.- Cde.Ernest Kadungure; Frederick Shava; Byron Hove; D. Makanganise. ErnestTongogara; Simon Muzenda; Emmerson Munangagwa; J. Chinyati.- Cde. Simbarashe Mumbengegwi;- J. Jekanyika;- Cde. Julia Zvobgo;- Cde. Richard Hove;- Cde. B. Mataka.- Cde. K. Manyonda;- Cde. Kumbirai Kangai;- Cde. M. Sithole;- Cde. William Ndangana.- Cde. N. Nhiwatiwa;- Cde. Moven Mahachi;- Cde. L.G.C. Nzarayebani.- Cde. Edgar Tekere;- Cde. Moton Malianga;- Cde. Victoria Chitepo- Cde. Chimbidzayi Sanyangare- Cde. G. Machinga;- Cde. J. Hungwe;- Cde. H.H. Pote;- Cde. T. Maluleko;- Cde. Oliver Munyaradzi;- Cde. S. Mahofa.- Cde. Dzingai Mutumbuka;- Cde. Eddison Zvobgo;- Cde. J. Machava; Cde. Simbi Mubako;- Cde. Mayor Urimbo.

4 Vol.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 Zimbabwe NewsSHONA ENGLISH NDEBELEZVINANGWANEZVIRONGWA ZvE-ZANU (PF):THE POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES OF ZANU (PF):IZINQUMO LENHLELO ZE-ZANU (PF):CHIDADISO A PROUD RECORD INGQUBELAPHA MB IMURUSUNUNGUKO OF ACHIEVEMENT EBUKEKA YORusununguko rwedu rwakawanikwa kubudikidza nehondo inehukashayakakonzera kudeuka kweropa rezviuru nezviuruzvevanhu ve Zimbabwe. Vagarivemumaruwa, vashandi, vadzidzi vezvikoro pamwe nevane dzidzo yepamusoro,

vachibatsirana neveruzhinji vane pfungwa dzine budiriro mupasi rese nenyikadzinotevera gwara reruwadzano, vakasungana kurwisa hupambevhu munyikayedu yechizvarwa. Veruzhinji vachitsigira gwara rebato ravo reZANU (PF),vakavhotera kusimudzira zvinangwa zvaro zvebindurazvinhu muna1980.Kana totarisa makore mashanu akapfuura, mushure mekuwana kuzvitonga kuzere,ZANU (PF) pamwe nehurumende, dzakaendesera mberi gwara rekupindurazvinhu munyika zvichiunza magariro matsva kune veruzhinji vangavakadzvanyirirwa, kunyange zvazvo pakave nedambudziko rekudererakwehupfumi mupasi rese. Zvimwe zvezvinangwa zvegutsaruzhinji zvinotevedzwaneZANU(PF) zvakasimudzirwa kuunza magariro matsva kuvanhu ndezvinotevera.KUGOVERWA KWE NZVIMBO DZAKANAKA DZEKUGARA Nyayayekugoverwa kwevhu inyaya yanga yakakomba zvikuru munguva dzeho ndoyerusununguko kusvikira parizvino. Zvinangwa zvekugoverwa kwevhuzvakaenzanirana munyika ndizvo zvanga zvirimusimboti wehondoyerusununguko ye ZANU (PF) panguva dzese. Ku Lancaster House, pahurukurodzekuwana kuzvitonga kuzere, ZANU (PF) yakamanikidza kuti bumbiroremutemo riise pachena mvumo yekugoverwa kwevhu kune veruzhinji munyika.Gakava iri rakatora mwedzi wese kusvikira zvirongwa zvebato zvabvumwa.Mapato ezvimbwasungata, UANC ya Muzorewa ne ConservativeOur Independence was won after a long and bitter liberation war in whichthousands of lives were lost. It took the collective efforts of all our peoplepeasants, workers, students and intellectuals - to achieve it with the support ofsocialist countries, Scandinavian countries and progressive organisations. Inrecognition of the leading role which ZANU (PF) played in the struggleyouoverwhelmingly voted for the Party in 1980, and gave it the green light to begin anew war for socio-economic transformation.Over the past five historic years, despite the effects of world-wideeconomicrecession and a hard-hitting drought, ZANU(PF) and its government have done much to bring about positive transformation inour society, and to give our nation a new hope for the future in line with ourchosen path of socialism. This transformation has been very comprehensive, andhere only a few examples of the changes which have been effected can bementioned.LAND RESETTLEMENT AND REDISTRIBUTION The question of land lay atthe heart of our struggle for liberation. It remains a burning issuetoday.Throughout the struggle ZANU (PF) was the only Party which was committed togenuine land distribution. Indeed ZANU (PF) held up the constitutional talks atLancaster House for a whole month on this question, until it was agreed that landwould be re-distributed. The UANC and [an Smith's ConservativeAlliancewanted to retain the old order which kept the vast majority of our people crowdedin semibarren areas, while ZAPU wanted this critical issue fudgedbecause itsleadership was cracking under war fatigue.Inkululeko yethu sayithola ngemva kwempi eyayinde ilobunzima nialoinkulungwane zabantu zalahlekelwa yimiphefumulo. Ukunqoba esakwenzayokweza ngemva kokulwa kulokumanyana kukazulu wonke ogoqela

owemaphandleni izisebenzi, izifundi lezifundiswa. Saphathiswa kakhulungamazwe angempumalanga yaphetsheya alandela umbuso, wokusuthiswakwezifiso zikazulu kanye lenhlanganiso zengqubelaphambii. Ekutshengiselenikwenu umsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa libandla likazulu IeZANU (PF)ekukhululeni leli lizwe, lakhetha leli bandla ekubuseni iZimbabwe ngo 1980.Lethula emahlombe alo umthwalo omkhulu wokufeza impi yokuletha ingugqukokunhlalakahle kazulu lakunotho yelizwe.lbandla likazulu IeZANU (PF) selilethe ingqubelaphambili ebukekayokunhialakahle kazulu phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu edluleyo kungakhathalekilengenhlupho ezalethwa yikwehla kwenotho yamazwe omhlaba kanyelendlalaeyalethwa yikungani kwezulu. Khathesi isizwe sethu sesilethemba elitshalengakusasa elempumelelo silandela umbuso esawukhethayo wokusuthiswakwezifiso zikazulu. Ingqubelaphambili eyenziwe libandlalikazululohulumendeisobala njalo silakho ukutshengisa imizekeliso yalingqubelaphambili.UKUHLALISWA KuTSHA KUKAZULU LOKWABEL WA KOMHLABA THIUdaba lokwabelwa komhlabathi yilo oIwaba yisiqokoqela sokufezwa kwempiyenkululeko. Lalamhla lolu daba lokhu luqakathekile. Ngaso sonke isikhathisempi yenkululeko, ibandla likazulu leZANU (PF) laba yilo kuphela elahzinikeleekwabelweni okuqotho komhlabalhi. Yikho nje iZANU (PF) yala ukuthiinku-

News Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985(PF) is committeed to genuine land distributionAlliance ya Smith, akanga achida kuti zvinhu zvigare sezvazvakange zvakaitamunguva dzehudzvanyiriri, paitinhirwa veruzhinji kugara munzvimbodzemajecha bedzi. ZAPU haina kuda kuti nyaya yakakomba seiyi ikurukurwenezvayo zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuti vatungamiri vayo vadzimaidzwa nekunetakukurukura nezvinangwa zveveruzhinji vakadzyanyirirwa.Munguva dzehudzvanyiriri, varimi vachena vanosvika zvuru zvishanu bedzindivo vanga vakagara munzvimbo zhinji dzakaorera munyika, vatema vemunyikamuno vachigara munzvimbo dzisina kuo rera shomashoma vakamanikidzana. Kana nazvino marizevha akatangiswa nguva dzehudzvanyiriri avekuita semagwenga.Pachingowanikwa kuzvitonga kuzere, ZANU (PF) yakabva yatangisa kugoveraveruzhinji munyika nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekugara. Parizvino, vanhuvakatsvakirwa pekugara patsva nebato vave kusvika kumazana maviri nemakumimaviri nemashanu ezviuru. Hurumende yakate nga nzvimbo itsva dzekugoveraveruzhinji vaigara mumaruzevha dzinokosha zviuru makumi mashanu nemazanamatanhatu zvemadhora zvichiraudzira kubvira kuwanikwa kwe rusununguko.Huwandu hwevachatsvagirwa nzvimbo itsva dzekugara hausati hwakwanaparizvino kusvika pachinangwa chezviuru zana nemakumi matanhatu nezviviri.Bato ra kazvipira kugadzirisa nyaya iyi munguvapfupi dzinotevera.Nhasi uno, mapato evatengesi eUANC, CA neZAPU arikufamba achiparidziravenzhinji manyepo anonyadzisa nekuvibisa veruzhinji mazhanhe akaora. Kanawave kutariswa zvinangwa zvaitevedze-Before independence about 5 04 mercial white farmers owned 511 of all the landin the country several million Africans were con about 31 per cent. The situatAfricans, particularly in the si "tribal trust lands", was deteri alarmingly. That was

why ZAN quickly initiated a big resettleme gramme when it came to pownumberof families resettled un programme to date represent 225 000 people.Almost 21109 tares have been bought at a $50 652 192 for this purpose estimated that up to65 per cen resettled population are from con lands.The figure of 30 000 families w have successfully resettled falls our target of 162000. The Party a major thrust on this in future, there are still many poor Zimbawithout land and without jobs tiToday the UANC, CA and Z going round the country promisi pie the skies.Buttheir records in ment on the critical land questi other matters are there for all topeople will not be deceived. Du short-lived regime of the UANC was everdistributed to the peasa Smith regime actually dispossess peasants of the land theyhad enacted the Land Tenure Act w creased the discrimination Africans on landmatters, a poverished them. ZAPU has nev in power but what it says on Ianpalling and reactionary. When ministers were in the GovernmeAru are ng peogovernion and see; the ring the no land nts. The ed some d. Theyhich inagainst nd em'er been d is apZAPU nt noneINHLANGANISO ZOKUSEBENZELANANgesikhathi iZANU (PF) ikhuthaza ekubunjweni kwenhlanganisozokusebenzelana, inengi kalizange likuzwisise. Lokhu kakuzange kumanga/isengoba amabhunu ayetshumayela amanga phezu kwebandla likazulu /eZANU (PF)esithi lingabusa lizathathela abantu amabele abo, inkomo, imbuzi, izimvu,inkukhu, amabhayisikili kanye lezindlu zabo. Kodwake kusukela ngo1980 laphookwaqalisa ukubusa khona ibasidla likazulu, uhulumende kazangeathathele uzu/uloba yi-f5lumo zenkululeko ezenzelwa eLancaster House ziqhubekele phambili okwesikha|thi eside, ngaphandle kokuba sekufinyeleiwe kusivumelwano sokwabelwa kutshakomhlabathi.Ibandla IeUANC lelamabhunu elalikhokhelwa ngulan Smith eleConservative Aliance ayefuna ukuthi umbuso wamabhunu owawucindezele inengi leZimbabweuqhubekele phambili, uzu/u wemaphandleni aqhubekele phambili ehleziendaweni ezomileyo lemhlabathini ogugudekileyo. Ibandla IeZA PUIona lifunaukuthi loludaba lubekwe eceleni ngoba abakhokheli ba/o basebengasafuniukuqhubekela phambili ngempi yenkululeko.Inkululeko singakayitholi abalimi bamabhunu bamapulazi amakhuluabazinkulungwane ezinh/anu babethumbe ingxenye yelizwe lethu.Ikanti inengilabansundu laminyaniswa endaweni ezomileyo. Abansundu bahlupheka kakhu/uendaweni zemaphandeni abanyaniswa kuzo. Yikho okwabangelaibandla likazulu/eZANU (PF) ekusungeleni masinyane uhlelo /okuhlaliswa kutsha kukazulungemva kokukhethwa ekubuseni iZimbabwe. Sekulemuli ezizinkulungwaneezingamakhulu amabili lamatshumi amabili lanhIanu eseziphiwe indawo ezintshazokuhala. Kwathengwa amahectare edlu)Ocom- la izigidi ezingamatshumiamahlanu per cent ekuhlaliseni kutsha uzulu endaweni lezi. , while Nalo inengilabahlaliswa kutsha lavela fined to endaweni zemaphandleni. tion of Nomanjesekuhlaliswe kutsha imuli ezio-called zinkulungwane ezingamatshumi

amathaorating thu injongo yebandla elibusayo ngeyoiU (PF) kuhlalisa kutshaimuli ezedlula inkulunt pro- ngwane ezilikhulu lamatshumi ayisithupa er. Thelambii. lbandla likazulu /eZANU (PF) der this lilamalungiseelo wokuthuthukisalolu s some h/elo eminyakeni ezayo ngoba kusasele 180 hec- imu/i ezimpofueZimbabwe okufanele cost of ziphathiswe ekuphiweni indawo ezintsha . It iszokuhlala okuzazithuthukisa kunhla/akat of the hie yazo.mmunal Lamuhla ibandla IeUANC, CA kanyele/eZAPU ayahamba hamba elizweni e'hich we thembisa uzulu ize. Kodwakeuzulu kasoshort of ze akhohliswe yilamabandla ngoba ehlu0 leka ukugcwalisaizifiso zikazulu endaexpects beni eziqakathekileyo. IZANU (PF) yilobweanskuphela ibandla lezombuso welizwe elizimiseleyo ekwabeleni ngemfanelo u0 goto. mhaba kuzulu wemaphandleni.

K" Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985rwa nemapoka awa paaidzvanyirira veruzhinji, zvinoonekwa kuti,donzoremapoka awa nderekudzosera budiriro yeveruzhinji mushure.Panguvayemuchato waMuzorewa naSmith nehurumende yavo, veruzhinji havanakukwanisa kunge vachigoverwa ivhu rechizvarwa chavo. Chokwadi ndechekutiSmith pachake ndiye akaita zvirongwa zvekudzinga vagari veZimbabwemunzvimbo dzakanaka dzavaigara achivaendesa kumaTTL. Smithakatangisamutemo wekusema vatema nekuvatorera kodzero yavo yekugara munzvimbodzakanaka. Kunyange zvazvo ZAPU isina kumbopinda mumasimba ekutonganyika, zvinangwa zvavanotevedza munyaya yekugoverwa kwevhuzvakangofanana nekutengesa. Paive nemakurukota e ZAPU muhurumende,hapana kana mumwe wavo akatsigira zvirongwa zve ZANU (PF) zvekugoveraveruzhinji vakakandwa munzvimbo dzisina kuorera nzvimbo itsva dzekugara.Joshua Nkomo akaramba zvirongwa zve ZANU(PF) zvekugovera ivhu kuneveruzhinji achitsigirana nevapambevhu pamwenevapambepfumi venyika dzekunze. ZAPU, inotsigirana nevapambevhu,yakaratidza kutengesa kwete munyaya iyi bedzi asi munedzimwezve nyayanezvirongwa zvebudiriro ye Zimbabwe. Izvi zvinosiya bato reveruzhinji re ZANU(PF) rakamird rega kusimudzira zvirongwa zvekugoverwa patsva kwevhukuneveruzhinji mumaruwa.MISHANDIRAPAMWEKunyange zvazvo ZANU (PF) yakakurudzira kutangisa mishandirapamwemunyika, zvirongwa izvi hazvina kukasika kunzwisisika neveruzhinji vakangevachinyengedzwa nemanyepo evadzvanyiririekuti kana vakapindamumishandirapamwe vanozotererwa zvinhu zvavo zvese zvinosanganisirazvipfuyo, mabhasikoro kana dzimba. Parizvino veruzhinji vakaona chokwadichekuti mishandirapamwe inezvirongwa zvekusimudzira magariroavo.Hurumende haina kumbovatorerakana mari yavo, yakatovabatsira kusimudzirahupenyu hwavo.Chokwadi ndechekuti, mishandirapamwe, haina kutangisa mazzva anomuZimbabwe. Makarekare, kwakange kuine majahgano kana kuti nhimbe dzinehurongwa hunofambirana nemishandirapamwe yemazuva ano.

Kurudziro yekutangisa mishandirapamwe kuneveruzhinji inoitwa ne ZANU(PF)yakanangana nekukwidziridza kupfumi hwevagari vemumaruwa kwete kupinzanzara kwavari. Kune mishandirapamwe inokurudzirwa munyika inendudzi shanu,inotevera;(a) Mishandirapam we Yezvekurimivekukwidziridza kurimwa kwczvckuof them was supporting the radical reforms of ZANU (PF). Joshua Nkomo and hismen opposed the resettlement programme; and aligned themselves withcommercial (white) and foreign interests. ZAPU is a very backward andreactionary organisation on this issue, and on all other important issues. Thatleaves ZANU (PF) as the only political organisation that can redistribute land tothe peasants.THE CO-OPERATIVES When ZANU (PF) advocated the formation of co-operatives many people were sceptical about the whole proposal. This was notaltogether surprising; there was intense colonial propaganda to the effect thatZANU (PF) wanted to take people's produce, cattle, goats, sheep, chickens,bicycles and even huts. But since coming to power, the governmenthas not takena cent from a peasant. All our policies and programmes aim at enriching notempoverishing the peasants. Today there is a big demand for co-operativesbecause people have seen through the lies spread by our opponents.In fact there is nothing new about the idea of co-operatives in this country. Sincetime immemorial we have had "ma-cent yakhe. Zonke izinqumo lenh thu zihliose ekuthuthukiseni impilo ntu wonkeweZimbabwe hatshi eku zeleni uzulu ukuze abempofu. Lau ai nengi labantuselithakazelela inhlangapi zokusebenzelana ngoba sebakufrnqso bala ukuthiamabhunu lezitha zt mayela ananga phezu kweban4 li lu IeZANU (PF)Uhlelo Iokubunjwa kwenh zokusebenzelana kalulutsha ei Kusukela endulokwakusenziw kusenziwa imisebenzi embal ok nzelana kusabewanangokuinmvelo. Lumbuso wokusuthis zikazulu kawumutsha kithi. tnutsha yiwolo owezalamabh huquluzwa kwenotho ithuthuki munye inengi licindezeiwe.Isinqumo sebandla likazulu(PF) sokuthuthukiswa kwenhl k njwa kwenhlanganiso zokusebenelan hloseekuthuthukiseni imisebenzi yen yelizwe ukuze yabelwe ngemfanelo.Le4nhlanganiso zizaletha inhialakahle kazulu wemaphandleni.Kulenhielo ezinhlanu zenhianganiso zokusebenzelana elizweni:(a) Inhianganiso zokusebenzelana kwezokulima zihiose ekuthuthukiseni inh/elozokutholakala kokudla lenhleto eziphathelane lalumsebenziThe idea of co-operatives is meant to enrich the peasants not to em.poverish themjangano", "nhimbe" and several other ezigoqela ukwabiwa wezokulir forms ofcommunal work and sharing of kanye lokuphathisa abalini n naturalresources.Socialism of different kwelede zokuqhuba itnisebenzi. forms is not new to ourpeople. It is lokudinga indawo letnikambo Y capitalism and its emphasis onaccumula- thengisela izilimo. tion by the individual that is new. (b) Inhianganisozokusebenzelana sebenzini vezandla igoqela inZANU (PF)'s emphasis on co- zernigodi, ukwenziwakokudla

operatives is meant to increase production magabha ukuthungwa kwemp and tore-distribute wealth. It is also ukwenziwa kwempahla zezikhu meant to enrich thepeasants, not to em- ukupheka isinkwa lemisebenzi, poverish them.thunga.

The first Secretary and President of ZANU (PF) tours Chitungwiza GarmentFactory after the openingdya, kusimudzira mabasa ekurima nekugoverwa kwezvekurimisa,kupazvikwereti nekutengesa zvirimwazvevarimi vakazvimirira vega.(b) Mishandirapamwe yezvemibatoYemaoko inokurudzira zvezvicherwa, zvigadzirwa zvemibato yemaokozvakafanana nekugadzira zvekudya zvinochengetedzwa mumagaba, zvekurukanekusona matehwe, kubika nelkusona mbatya.(c) Mihandirapamweyevatengi inoonanekuti vatengi vatengeserwa zvinhu zvakanaka nekati vatenga zvinhu zvachonemutengo wakaenzanirana. (d Mishandirapamwe yezvekutengeserana inoonanekupa vatengi zvinhu zvekutengesa nemutengo wevanotengesazvinhuzvakawanda panguvaunwe vema wholesale.(e) Mishandirapamwe Inoona Nekugoverwa Kwezvinhu zvakafanana nemagetsi,nedzimba, kufambiswa kwemabasa ezvekuchengeta marl mumabhanganekutakurwa kwezvinhu.BUDIRIRO YEZVIRIMWA ,Munguva dzehudzvanyiriri, varimi vemumaruwavaisvetwa simba ravo mukutengesa kwavaiita mbeu dzavo dzaitengwa nemitengoyakadzikira zvikuru. Zvipfuyo zvavaichengeta zvaizotengeswa nemari shomananaisingasvike pane yavainge vashandisa kupfuya zvipfuyo izvi nayo, zvimwezvipfuyo zvavo zvichipambwa pasina kubhadharwa. Hurumende yehudzvanyiririyaisimudzira varimi vevachena bedzi mazuva iwayo. Parizvino, hurumendeyeruzhinji ichitungamirwa neZANU (PF) inezvirongwa zvekusimudzira zvirimwamumaruwa. Varimi vemumaruwa vavekukwanisa kuwana mafetiraiza, mbeu,In this country we promote five types of co-operatives:(a) Agricultural Co-operatives whichmay be involved in food production, or provision of auxiliary services such asagricultural supplies, credit and marketing to individual farmers;(b) Industrial Producer Co-operativeswhich cover mining and modern light industry such as canning, textiles andleather work, bakeries and tailoring;(c) Consumer Co-operatives which aimto supply member households with suitable consumer goods atreasonable prices;(c) Inhlanganiso zokusebenzelana ekuseni impahla kuzulu ngentengo efaneleyo;(d) Inhlanganiso zokusebenzelana kwezokuthengiselana eziyabe zihioseekuthengiseleni abamabhizimusi impahla ngentengo efaneleyo;

(e) Inhianganiso zokusebenzelana enhlelweni zokuphathisa uzulu lakungatshaeziqakathekileyo ezigeqela ezamabhanga, ezokuthwala, ezokusiwa kwamagetsikanye lokwakhiwa kwezindlu.INGQUBELA PHAMBILI KWEZOKULIMANgeminyaka eyedluleyo uzulu weZimba(d) Trading and Commercial Co- bwewadubeka kakhulu ekucindezelwenioperatives whose main function is to ngumbuso wamabhunu owawuhuquluzasupply member retailers with goods inotho yakhe. Izilimo zabansundu zaziatwholesale prices; and thengwa ngentengo ephansi kakhulu. In komo zabozazithengwa ngentengo eya(e) Service and Infrastructural Co- ngisayo njaloezinye inkomo babe zithaoperatives which are involved in such thelwa,ngamabhunu esithi sezande kaactivities as banking, transport, elec- khulu.Uhulumende wamabhunu wayetricity supply and housing. hloseekuthuthukiseni abalimi abamhlopeProduction by peasants has Increased dramatically from a point where they couldhardly feed themselves to million tonnes of grain produce

8Vol.16 No. 5 MayiJune 1985 ZimbabweNewsmishonga yekuuraya tupukanana, matirakita nezvimwe zvakawandazvinovabatsira mumabasa avo. Zviripachena kuti zvirimwa zvevarimivemumaruwa zvakabudirira zvikuru gore rino kupinda nguva dzehudzvanyiriripavakange vasina chekubata nacho vachiziya nenzara mumaruwa.Zvirongwa zve hurumende yeruzhinji munyika zvakanangana nekusimudzirabudiriro yezvekurima, zvirikurumbidzwa zvikuru mupasi rese. Uyewo chido chehurumende kusimudzira magariro evanhumunyika. Mumakore mashanuanotevera, hurumende inezvirongwa zvekusimudzira, magarire nekushandakwakanaka kuvashandi vemumatenganyika nemamwe mapazi munyika.Kunodiwa zvirongwa zvemishandirapamwe mumatenganyika kusimudzirazvirongwa zvekurima.Gore rino, zvirikufungidzirwa kuti varimi vemumaruwa munyika vachawanamamirioni emadhora makumi matanhatti nemanomwe kubva kuboka rinoonanekutengeswa kwe zvirimwa reGrain Marketing Board mushure mekutengwakwezvikohwiwa zvavo. Kwakatangiswawo madhepa ekutakurira mbeudzekutengeswa munzvimbo dzinechitsama munvika kurerutsira varimi varikurenenzvimbo dzekutengesera zvirimwa zvavo, uyewo hurumende ichabatsira varimiavo nekuvatakurira zvirimwa zvavo kundotengesa. Nzvimbo dzinotakurirwazvirimwa zvekutengesa hadzidariki makiromita makumi maviri nemashanu kubvapanogara murimi ega ega.MAKORE MATATU ENZARA Vagari vemumaruwa nevashandi vemuZimbabwe, pamwe nehurumende nemapazi ayo zvinofanira kurumbidzwanekushinga kwazvakaita mumakore matatu akapera enzara yakaipisisa munyika.Panguva dzenzara idzi, hurumende yeruzhinji yakakwanisa kutenga zvekudyazvakawanda zvekuriritira vanhu pamwe nezvipfuyo. Panedzimwe nguvahurumende yaitakurira vanhu mvura yekushandisa munzvimbo dzangadzisingachawanikwi mvura. Hapana kana munhu akafa nenzara munguva idzi

uyewo hurumende nerutsigiro rweveruzhinji munyika yakakwanisa kubatsirazviuru nezviuru zvevapoteri veMozambique nevedzimwe nyika, kuti vawanewomagariro anehunhu. Mwaka uno, tinofanira kunge tichikohwa zvakawandakudarika mukoho wa1981, tichikwanisa kutengesawo zvimwe zvirimwazvakawanda kunedzimwe nyika nekubatsirawo vanenzara muAfrica.ZANU (PF) inovimba nekusimudzira zvirongwa zvekuwanikwa kwemvuranevagari vese munyika. Panguva dze kushaikwa kwemvura, tinofanirwa kuonakuti takwanisa kuchengetedza mvura yakawanda mumadhamu kudziviriradambudziko rerudzi urwu zvakare.Bazi rinoona nekusimudzirwa kwe masimba emagetsi pamwe nemabasa emvuramunyika, rakatangiswa nebato reveruzhinii kuzadzisa zvirongwa zve kuchengete-AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONUP AND UPIn the past, the peasants of this country were exploited by the colonial system.What they produced was bought at low prices. Cattle which they raised were soldat rock-bottom prices or even confiscated outright. The concentration ofgovernment efforts was placed on white commercial farmers. Now, thegovernment is providing inputs such as fertilizers, seeds, insecticides, tractors andso on, to peasant farmers. As a result production by peasants hadincreaseddramatically from a point where they could hardly feed themselves in1979, to themillion tons of maize expected this year.The government's efforts in promoting agricultural production have won muchpraise around the world. It is the government's intention to continue and increasethese efforts in order to raise the standard of living for everyone. The living,housing and working conditions on commercial farms - large and small - must bechanged and improved over the next five years. We need organised settlements oncommercial farms.This year peasant farmers in communal areas are estimated to receive a totalamount of $67 million from the Grain Marketing Board as payment fortheirproduce, especially maize. Furthermore, grain depots have beenestablished incommunal areas for the first time. Transport is being provided bythe Governmentfrom several pick-up points that cover most communal areas. Nopeasant farmershould be more than 25 kilometres from a pick-up point.3-YEAR DROUGHTThe peasants and workers of Zimbabwe, and their government and its institutions,are very much to be commended for withstanding 3 years of severe drought.During the period the government had to buy large quantities of extra food forhumans and livestock. In some instances, it was even necessaryto carry water topeople. Because of these efforts, not a single Zimbabwean died ofstarvation. Wewere also able to assist thousands of refugees from Mozambique and othercountries.This season we expect a bumper harvest, bigger than in 1981. We must continueto feed ourselves and to export food. At the same time we must also assist othercountries in Africa that are in need.

ZANU (PF) has placed great emphasis on water development. In periods ofdrought, water can be very scarce and we should make every effort to build weirs,dams and so on, to minimise our vulnerability to changes in weather patterns.bamupulazi amakhulu. Kodwake khathe. si uhulumende usesungule uhlelolokupha abalimi bemaphandleni imvundiso yamafertilizer, inhtanyelo, imithiyokubulala izibungu ezitshabalalisa izilimo, amatilakita tokunye kokuphathisaabalimi emise. benzini yabo yokulima. Ngenxa yaolu hlelo, abalimi sebenzeingqubela phambili ebukekayo ekutholeni isivuno esiphezulu. Kukanti ngo 1979babelima ukudla ukwakungeneli lokuthi baziphilise. Lonyaka batshaye inalaengazake ibonakale, ngenxa yoncedo abaluphiwa nguhulumende.Amazwe womhlaba adumise kakhulu uhulumende weZimbabwe ngokuphathisaakwenze abalimi bemaphandleni. Uhulumende ulamalungiselelo wokuqhelisa toluhleto oluzaphathisa ekuthuthukiseni impito yomuntu wonke. Impilo, izindlukanye tendleta zokusebenza emapulazini amakhulu kufanele kuguqulweeminyakeni emihlanu elandelayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yomuntuwonke.Uzulu uzaphiwa indawo ezintsha zokuhlala emapulazini la kuhloswe ekuletheniingqubelapambili ogatsheni twezokulima.Lonyaka nxa abalimi sebethengise isivuno sabo somumbu eGrain MarketingBoard bakhangelelwe ukuzuza amadola avizigidi ezingamatshumiayisithupaIasikhombisa. Okwakuqata embalini yaleli tizwe sekubunjwe indawozokwemukea amabele emaphandleni. Uhutumende uphathisa uzulu ngokusaimota zokuthwa/a lezi zilimo ezigabeni ezitshiyeneyo zelizwe. Wonke umlimiwemaphandleni uzakuba duzane lendawo ethwalelwa izilimo tonyaka.IMINYAKA EMITHA THU YOKUSWELAKALA KWEZULUUzutu wonke weZimbabwe kugoqela izisebenzi, uhutumende kazututenhtanganiso zengqubelapamnbili bayadunyiswa ngokumela abakwenzaubunzima bemin vaka emithathu yokungani kwezulu. Ngalesi sikhathisobunzinma, sabaakho ukuphathisa iziphepheli ezinengi kakhulu ezazisuka kweleMozambique takwanmanyve amazwe.Lonyaka silethemba tokuthola isivuno esiphezuht kakhutu ukwedlulaesika 1981.Kufanele siqhubekele phambili silima ukudla okusenelayo tokokuthengiselaainanve amazwe ezwekazi le Africa aswelayo.Ibandla likazutu te ZANU(PF) ligcizelele kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kohlelotokutholakala kwanjanzi amahle ngesikhathi sokuswelakala kwezulu.Ukuzimisela k webandla lethu ekuthuw thukisweni kohlelo lokutholakatakwamanzi, labumba ugatsha otuqakathekileyo twamandla kagetsi, ukutholakalakwamanzi lentuthuko yawo. Phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu yokuphathisa uzuluwemaphandleni ekutholeni amanzi ahlanzekileyo, ngenyanga ezazomile kakhuluk wenjiwa izibholani ezingamatshumi afica minwe mibili ngenyanga.Lolu hielotwasindisa kakhulu impilo kazulu levezi-

Dear Subscriber,Herewith please receive Zimbabwe News Volume 16 Number 5 which is aMay/June double Issue.

It contains important articles and information about the forthcoming GeneralElections. Although a double issue, it is regarded as one copy only forsubscription purposes.Vote ZANU (PF)!'Yours Sincerely,ZIMBABWE NEWS.

Zimbabwe News Vol.16 No. 5dzwa kwemvura. Zvinoonekwa kuti mukarti memakore mashanu mushuremekuzvitonga kuzere, bazi iri rakachera zvibhorani zvinosvikazviuru zvitatunemazana mashanu munzvimbo dzakasiyana mumaruwa zvino batsira vagarivenzvimbo idzi nemvura yakatsvinda. Munguva diektushaikwa kwemvura.hurumende yaikwanisa kuchera zvibhorani makumi masere pamwedzi wega wegakubatsira vanhu nezvipfuyo nemvura yekunwa. Kuwikira muna 1984, hurumendeyanga yachera zvibhorani zvinoda kusvika zviuru zvitanhatu.Kwakange kuinezvibhorani zvinodarika zviuru zviviri zvishomanana muna 1978. Nzvimbo dzangadziine kushaikwa kwemvura kwakanyanya. dzakafanana neMasvingonekuchamhembe kweMatabeleland dzakacherwa zvibhorani zvakawanda\nokudarika dzimwe nzvimbo. Hurumende yakatangisawo mvura yepombimunedzimwe nzvimbo dzekuigara dziri kusimudzirwa mumaruwa.KUDERERA KWEHUPFUMI PASI RESEZvitevedzwa zvehupfumi zvava Reagan mutungamiri weAmerica,namaiMargaret Thatcher mutungamiri weHurumende yeBritain nevamwewovatungamiriri vedzimwe nyika dzinotevedza hutongi hwehusweta simbazvakaunza matambudziko makukutu munezvehupfumi mukati memakoreanodarika matatu apfuura. Zvitevedzwa izvi zvakaita kuti miripoyepamusoro(interest rates) ikwidzwe zvikuru pamwe nekuderedzwa kwemitengo yezvinhuzvatinotengesera dzimwe nyika. Hapana zvaingaitwe neHurumende yedumukudzivirira kuderera kwakaita hupfumi pasi rese. Mienzaniso iyi inoratidzapachena mashandirwo enyika dzehusweta simba mukupamba zvicherwa zvedunezvimwewo mukuzvisimudzira. Kana isu tavekutenga zvinhu zvakaitasemichinanedzimwewo simbi munyika dzakabudirira mitengo yazvo inobva yakwidzwazvikuru. Ndizvo zvakakonzera kukwidzwa kwemitengo yezvinhu muZimbabwe,zvange zvisingatsigirwe nemusangano wevanhu. Kuderedzwa kwekukoshakwedhora nekubviswa kwemari yange ichiripwa neHurumende munezvimwezvinhu zvekudya kwakakwidzawo mitengo yezvinhu. Masangano achine mweyawehupambepfumi akabva awana mukana hwekukwidza zvinhu kupfurikidzamwero. Munguva inotevera pachawanikwa nzira dzekuita kuti mitengo yezvinhuive yakafanira.Bhangi renyika dzepasi rese nesangano relMF zvine donzvo rekupfumisa nyikadzakasimukira chete. Isu muZimbabwe takaramba kugamuchira zvisungozvemasangano aya patakabatsirwa nawo nemari sezvo zvisungo izvizvaizokanganisa zvikuru hupfumi hwenyika yedu.

Musangano mukuru we(ZIMCORD) wakarongwa neHurumende wakabudirirazvikuru sezvo wakabatsira kuti pawanikwe mari yekuvaka nyikayedu nekupaveruzhinji nzvimbo itsva dzekugara. PaneOur Party's determination to ensure that the people have adequate water supplieswas demonstrated when we created a special Ministry of Energy and WaterResources and Development. Over the past five years this Ministry undertookmajor water conservation works to supply urban and industrial centres, and drilledmore than 3 500 boreholes to supply clean water for the rural population. At thepeak of the drought an average 80 boreholes were sunk every month to save livesand livestock. By 1984 the number of recorded boreholes stood at5 957,compared with only 2 448 in 1978. A great deal of this effort wasconcentrated inareas such as Masvingo and Matabeleland South where the drought was mostsevere. In certain areas piped water has been introduced in villagesand smallsettlements.THE WORLD ECONOMIC RECESSIONEconomic policies pursued by President Reagan in the USA, and Mrs. MargaretThatcher in Britain, and other leaders of the large capitalist countries, have thrownthe world into a deep recession for more than 3 years. Interest rates have beenpushed sky-high, and prices for our products on the world market have plummted.Our government could not influence these developments. This is the wayimperialism operates; it expropriates raw materials from the Third World tobolster the economies in the first world. So we have been getting low prices forour products, such as minerals, and paying heavi ly for imported goods, such asmachinery and spare parts. Money for development has become scarce andexpensive. In this climate we have witnessed the phenomenon of rising prices- a situation which has been a source of great disappointment to the Party.Measures taken by the government such as the devaluation of the Zimbabweandollar, and the reduction or removal of subsidies from basic foodstuffs alsopushed prices upward. As is usual In capitalist, profitoriented economicsituations, certain firms took advantage of the difficult conditionsto increase therange of their socalled "mark-ups" to phenomenal proportions. The "mark-up"system is really a comouflage for super-profits by those firms seeking to makemany tons of hay while the sun is still shining. Ways will have to be found in thefuture to bring about more stable prices.The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund also pursue policieswhich benefit the first world. We in Zimbabwe have had loans from theseinstitutions, but we refused to accept conditions which would hurt our economy.The conference (ZIMCORD) which thegovernment organised to raise funds for reconstruction and to rehabilitate ourpopulation was a great success.fuyo. Ngomyaka ka 1984 kwasekwenjiwe izibholani ezedlula inkulungwaneezinhIanu nxa kutinganiswa lezedlula amakhulu amabili kuphela ngomnyaka ka1978. Izibholani ezinengi zenjiwa esabelweni se Masvingo lese MatebelelandSouth lapho okwakome kakhulu. Kwezinye indawo zemaphandleni sekusiweamanzi adonswazimpompi.

UKIWEHLA KWENOTHO YAMAZWE WOMHLABA Njalo ukuhuquluzwakwenotho kubangele ukuthi umhlaba jikelele ukhangelane lobunzimakwezenothookweminyaka edlula emithathu. Inzuzo yezikwelede ikhwezwe womhlabayehliswa kakhulu. Uhulumende wethu wayengelalutho ayengalwenza phezukwaloludaba. Lokhu yikho kanye ukusebenza kwamazwe abahuquluzi benotho.Athatha izinto zamaz we asathuthukayo esiya zinothisa. Yikho nje intengoyempahla zethu ibiphansi okufana lezenjiwayo kodwake ngelinye icele izintoezithengwa kulamazwe ezifana lemitshina lensimbi zemitshina etshiyeneyo,zilentengo ephezulu kakhulu. 0k wenza kube nzima ukuthola imaliyokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yengqubela phambili. Lokhu yikho okwenza ibandlalikaZulu lidaniswe yikukhwezwa kwentengo yezinto. Ukwehliswa kwesilinganisosedola kanye lokwesulwa kwemali eyayibhadalelwa okunye ukudlanguhulumende kwengeza intengo ngesilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu. Lobakunjalo, kuzafanele kudingwe indlela ngelizayo ekuqondiseni loludaba ukuzezonke izinto zibe lentengo enhie.Jbhanga lamazwe omhlaba lesikhwama sarnazwe womhlaba seInternationalMonetary Fund ahlose ukuthuthukisa amazwe anothilevo. Lobanje saphiwaizikwelede ydezi nhlanganiso, sala ukwemukela izinqumo zawo ezazizakhubazakakhulu inotho yelizwe lethu.Umhlangano we(ZIMCORD) owalungiselwa nguhulumende ekuqoqeni imaliyokwakha kutsha iZimbabwe lekuhlaliseni kutsha uzulu waphumelelaokwamagama.Amazwe eza emhlanganweni lo athembisa ukuphathisa ilizwe lethu ngamadolaayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Loluncedo lusetshenziswe ukuthuthukisa impilokazulu jikelele. Ngeminyaka emhlanu elandelayo sizasebenza ngamandlaekuzikhululeni enoth weni yelizwe lethu lekwenzeni inisebenzi yokuziphilisaukuze singeyami kwamanye amazwe.ICongress yesibili yebandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) yasikhuthaza ukuthisizithuthukise. Uhlelo lweminyaka emithathu tokuletha inguqukoenhlanganisweni zenhlalakahle kazulu lezenotho engatsheni eziziniele zodwaleziqhutshwa nguhuluInende ekuletheni inzuzo lekuthuthukiseni ulwazilokusetshenziswa kwemitshina.May/June 1985

I1l Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 ZimbabweNewsnyika dzakauya pamusangano uyu dzakavimbisa kupa madhora mabhirioni mairi,ekusimudzira magariro everuzhinji nemamwewo mabasa ebudiriro. Mumakoremashanu apfuura Zimbabwe yashanda zvakasimba mukuzvimiriramunezvehupfumi. Kuwanikwa kwemari nehutungamiriri huri mugwara ndihwohunosimudzira mapazi eHurumende neemasangano akazvimirira oga uye zvinoitakuti mapazi ehurumende ave iwo anotungamirira mabasa ekusimudzira nyika.Mushandirapamwe pakati pemapazi mairi zvinobatsira zvekare mukusimudzirwakwe ruzivo rwekushandiswa kwemichina.MASIM BA EVANHU MUHURUMENDE Panguva yehutongi hwemabhunuyevapambepfumi vatema vemumaguta vainge vakamirirwa nemaBoard ainge

asina chinangwa chekusimudzira magariro everuzhinji. Mumaruwa Mudzvitiaitonga muhumbimbindoga zvakaita kuti avengwezvikuru sezvo akanga aka dzvanyirira veruzhinji.lkozvino vanhu vese vemumaguta nevemumaruwa vavekufambisa nyaya dzavo,kuburikidza nemakanzuru avari kutungamirira. Makanzuru emumaruwa ndiwoanozvichengetera marl yaanowana, kutambirisa vashandi vawo nekuita mabasaakawanda ebudiriro.Muna 1984 mutungamiriri wemusangano we ZANU (PF) Cde. R.G. Mugabevakatambira hurongwa hutsva hwekutungami'irwa kwemabasa anoitwamumatunhu. Kwakaumbwa bazi remagovernor ematunhu vachitsigirwanemakomiti ekusimudzira mabasa emadistrict, neemisha, anonzi maDistrictCommittees. lzvi zvinoratidza masimba evanhu mukutonga nyika yavo.Mumaguta, ikozvino tave nemaMayor evatema uye nhengo dzakawandadzemakanzuru emumaguta evatema. Vatema ndivo vavekusimudzira zvirongwazvavo zvemisha yavo. Saka zvakakosha kuti nhengo dzese dzemusangano dzigaredzakangwarira mhandu pamwe nekupinda makanzuru anosimudzira matunhu avo.lzvi zvichabatsira kuti mabasa ese afambiswe nemazvo pasina kunyengedzera.BASA REMADZISHE Panguva dzapfuura mabhunu aiita madiro mukubvisamadzishe pazvigaro zvavo (semuenzaniso: Ishe Mangwende, Nyandoro nalsheTangwena nevamwewo). Madzishe akawanda aishandiswa semadironanaMudzviti. Nhasi maDzishe anosarudzwa pachitevedzwa zvidozvevanhu uyepachitevedzwa tsika dzedu dzepasi chigare. Zvigaro zvavo zvasimbaradzwa uyevavekuita mushandira pamwe nemakanzuru emumatunhu avo. Hurumendeyakawedzera mari inotambiriswa maDzi she.Bato reveruzhinji re ZANU (PF) nehurumende zvinocherechedza maDzishesevatungamiri vetsika dzedu vepasi chigare.A total of 2 billion dollars was pledged. This foreign aid has been used on projectsthat benefit the broad masses of our people. Over the next five years the thrust ofour efforts will be on economic independence and self-reliance. We have to relyon ourselves.This was what the Second Congress urged us to do. The central objective of the 3-Year Transitional National Development Plan was to increase participation bygovernment in the major economic and social institutions. The plan was put offcourse by the 3-year drought. A new five-year development plan is now beingprepared by government to fulfil and complete the unfinished business of the 3-year transitional development plan. The Party wants to see more socialtransformation of the socio-economic institutions of the private sector.The general policy of co-existence between the private sector and the publicsector must entail steady growth of the public sector as management capabilityincreases, and capital is available. Parastatals can be viable and profitable; andjoint ventures can assist in the transfer of technology.BRINGING GOVERNMENT TO THE PEOPLEIn colonial days Africans in urban areas were only represented onAdvisoryBoards with little influence. In rural areas the District Commissioner ruled withthe iron hand which made him one of the most despised figures in the wholesystem.

This system has now been completely overhauled and genuine councils, based onuniversal suffrage, have been established. All communal areashave genuinerepresentative councils which control monies, staff and all development projects.Rural councils are now also going to be democratised.In 1984, a new structure of provincial and district administration wasapproved byCde. R.G. Mugabe, First Secretary and President of the Party. The systemestablished provincial governorships, supported by Provincial, District andVillage Development Committees. The new system brought government nearer tothe people.In urban areas, there are now black mayors in all cities, and a majority of blackcouncillors. Africans are running their own affairs at local levels. It is necessarythat Party members be vigilant and active at all local councils, whether in rural orurban areas, in order to expose the few who seek personal gain by corruptpractices.ROLEOF TRADITIONAL CHIEFSIn the past, traditional chiefs were deposed at the whim of the settlerauthorities(e.g. Mangwende, Nyandoro, Tangwena,UKULETHWA KUKAHUL UMENDE EBA TWINI Ngezikhathi zabahuquluzibenotho aba. nsundu endaweni zemadolobheni babemelwe ngamaBoardayengasizi lutho. Emaphandleni osikomitshi beziqinti babebusa uzulu ngentandokayiphikiswa uzulu ediswa imbuya ngoluthi. Osikomi. tshi laba babechothozwanguzulu kakhu. lu.Lolu gatsha khathesi soluguqulwe kwa. bunjwa amakhansili aqotho amele izifisozikazulu. Amakhansili akuzo zonke iza. belo aqhutshwa nguzulu ngokwakhe nia.Jo yiwo aphatha imali yawo, izisebenzi layo yonke imisebenzi yengqubelaphambili. Lamakhansili aqutshwa ngentando kazulu.Ngo 1984, umkhokheli webandla likazulu uCde. Robert Mugabe wemukelauhielo lokubunjwa kulsha kwengatsha zokuqutshwa kwezabelo leziqinti.Loluhlelo lwakhokhelela ekubunjweni kwe. ngatsha zabosibalukhulu bezabelobephathiswa ngamakomiti ezabelo, eziqinti lamakomiti ezakhamizi. Lelinyathelolasondeza eduze uhlelo Jokuthi uhulumende aqhutshwe nguzulu,abe ezandlenizikazulu.Emadolobheni sekulabo Mayor abansundu kuwo wonke amadolobholamalungaamakhansili amadolobho amanengi. Abansundu sebeqhuba ngokwabo indabazabo. Yikhoke kuqakathekile ukuthi amalunga ebandla likazulu ahlale eqaphelenjalo ephatheke emakhansilini ezabelo zabo ukuze kuqedwe ukungaziphathiokungabakhona.UMSEBENZI WEZINDUNANgesikhathi esedluleyo, induna ezazingafunwa ngabahuquluzi benotho zazikhitshwa ezihlalweni zazo kungelakuphikisa. Umzekeliso wenduna ezakh itshwaezihlaIweni zazo (ngunduna Mangwende, Nyandoro to Tangwena labanye). Njalozazisenziwa izichaka zabosikomitshi. Lamhla izinduna zikheth wa kulandelwaamasiko omdabu. Izikhundla zazo seziqiniswa. Zizasebenzelanalamalungaamakhansili ezabelo zawo njalo sezengezelelwe iholo lazo.

lbandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) lemukela izinduna njengabakhokheli bethubondabu bokuthuthukisa amasiko ethu. Kulokusebenzelana okuhleokuphakathikwezinduna lohulumende. Ezinye izinduna ezazisetshenziswa ngabahuquluzibenotho sezaphenduka njalo sezisekela uhulumende ngokugcweleyo.Umzekeliso wobudielwano obuhle phakathi kwezinduna Johulumende,yikuphenduka okwenza umuyi undun(t Chirau owabhubha esesekela uhulumendengokugcweleyo.Emhlanganweni owacina ukwenzelwa eHarare phakathi kwezindunalomkhokhe/ikahulumende uCde. Robert Mugabe

News Vo1.16 No. 5 May/June 1985logitlon Is a basic right which should not be denied any Zimbabweanozvino kunekudyidzana kwakanaka ikuru pakati pehurumende yevanhuneaDzishe. Mamwe maDzishe aishandiia nevapambepfumi senhapwa,akapiiukauye avekutsigira zvizere Hurumele. Mushakabvu IsheChirau vakashayaivemumwe wevatungamiri vebato revezihnji reZANU (PF).Pamusangano wekupedzisira kuitirwa uHarare pakati pemadzishenemutu;miririweHurumende Cde. Robert lugabe, Ishe Ndiweni, sachigaro wema6she vakati,maDzishe ese arikuda kuti ito reveruzhinji re ZANU (PF) ridzorwe pachigarochekutungamirira nyika o, pasarudzo huru ichaitwa. Ikozvino aengo dzakawandadzemadzishe inhegO mudare revakuru reSenate uye iamwe arimumasanganoakasiyana sima ekusimudzira nyika yedu mumabasa )udiriro.MuZimbabwe yakasununguka zvigaro vemadzishe zvakasimbaradzwa. Mazisheakange abviswa pazvigaro, nevaunbepfumi akadzorerwa nehurumende.Iushakabvu Ishe Tangwena vakazohaya hurumende yavadzorera pachigaro havonekudzorera vanhu vake munyika ivo. Ishe Tangwena vakaita basa guruehutungamiriri valve nhengo yedare re,hate vasati vashaya mugore rakapera.,UVANDUDZWA KWEMA3ASANMAGARIRO AKANAKA WANHU- BUDIRIRO YEDZIDZO anguva yehudzvanyiriri, mumaruwa Lunovendimomunogara vanhu vazhinmakanga musina nzvimbozekusimudzira hupenyu hwevanhu. loQna dzaivemo dzakanga dzatovakwa Ivmachechi. HurumendeTvapambevhu dzakanga dzisina hanya ,ksimudzira upenyu hweveruzhinji.and others), or made tools of the District Commissioner. Today the Chiefs areselected in accordance with tradition. Their position is being stengthened. Theywill be ex officio members of Councils and their salaries have been increased.ZANU (PF) and its government recognise Chiefs as traditional leaders andpromoters of our culture. A good relationship exists between Chiefsand thegovernment. Some of those Chiefs who were used by colonial regimeshaverepented and now support the government. A good example is the late ChiefChirau who was a ZANU (PF) official at the time of his death.At the last meeting in Harare between the Chiefs and the Hon. Prime Minister,Chief Ndiweni, acting Chairman of the Chiefs Council, said that all Chiefs wantZANU (PF) to be returned to power in the coming elections. A number ofChiefs

are members of the Senate, and others are in various national bodieswhere theyare making highly valued contributions.In today 's Zimbabwe there are no more threats of depositions of Chiefs. WhereChiefs had been dethroned by colonial governments our government acted swiftlyto return them to their thrones. The most famous example is that of the late ChiefRekayi Tangwena. Our government did not only return Chief Tangwena to histhrone when it came to power, it also helped to resettle his people to theirlandswhich had been claimed by the settlers. Chief Tangwena was an illustriousmember of Senate until his death last year.EXPANDED SOCIAL SERVICES- THE EDUCATION EXPLOSIONDuring the colonial era the communal lands, where about 80 per cent of ourpeople live, had very few or totally lacked essential social services. Where theseex-UKUQHELISWA K WENGA TSHAZOKUPHA THISA UZUL U... UKUQHELA AKWEMFUNDONgesikhathi sabahuqulazi benotho izabelo zemaphandleni zazingela ngatshazokuphathisa uzulu. Lezo ezazikhona zazingezenhlanganiso zenkolo.Abahuquluzi babengakhathaleli impilakahle kazulu. Lamhla lezi ngatshasezithuthukisiwe lezabelweni zemaphandleni.Phansi kogatsha twezemfundo, imfundo ye primary yaphiwa kungelambadatokusukela ngo 1980.Ngo 1979, kwakulabantwana abedlula inkulungwane ezingamakhulu afica minwemibili ezikolwenizeprimary, kweze-secondary babezinkutungwaneezedlulaamatshumi amathathu kuphela. Kodwake lonyaka kulezifundi ezizinkulungwaneezintathu ezikolweni zokufundela ubutitshala kodwake lonyaka kulezifundiezizinkulungwane ezifica minwe mibili lamakhulu afica munye. lUniversityyeZimbabwe yayilezifundi eziyinkulungwane lamakhulu amane lamatshumi aficangalombili lesisodwa ngo1979 kodwake lonyaka feli nani likhwele lafikakuzifundi ezizinkulung wane ezinhlanu lamakhulu ayisithupa. Ibandlalikazulu leZANU(PF) lohulumende bakholwa esinqumeni sokuthi sonke isikhonzi seZimbabwesiphiwe ithuba lemfundo. Lokhu kuzaphathisa ukuthi umuntu wonke abelesandlaemisebenzini yokuthuthukisa inotho lenhlalakahle yelizwe lethu. Itungelolemfundo ngelomuntu wonke weZimbabwe njalo kakho okufanele atincitshwe.Kwenziwe ingqubelaphambili ebukekayo ogatsheni Iwezempilakahle,eZimbabwe. Bonke abahola amadola alikhulu lamatshumi amahlanu leholoelingaphansi kwalimali betatshwa kungelambadalo ezibhedlela. Sekwakhiweizibhedlela lamakilinika amanengi emaphandleni. Kusuk,:a ngo 1980 sekwakhiweindawo ezi,gamakhutu amabili letshumi lambili zempilakahle. Kodwakesingakatholi inkululeko lezi ndawo zazingekho. Imizi11kanye lenduna uNdiweni owayengumgcinisihlalo wekhansili yezinduna, wabikasobala ukuthi induna zifisa ukubona ibandla likazulu IeZANU (PF) libuyiselwaesikhundleni sokubusa leli lizwe ekhethweni oluzayo. Inengi lezinduna zingaSmalunga edale labadala le Senate nialo

ezinye zingamalunga enhtanganiso ezi~ mbalwa ezisebenzelaekuthuthukiseni ilizwe lethu.Lamhla eZimbabwe ekhululekileyokakusela zethuseto zokususwa ezikhundleni zazo ngabahuquluzi,uhulumendeuphange wazibuyisela. Umzekeliso osobala yikubuyiselwa esikhundleniokwenziwa unduna Tangwena kanye tokuhlaliswa kutsha kwabantu bakheesabetweni sabo esasesithunjwe ngabahuquluzi benotho. Umuyi undunaTangwena ufe ngomnyaka ophelileyo esetilunga ledale labadata eleSenate.

VnI IA Mn A Mm,,I.i,,ne IQRA Zin~Nhasi uno nzvimbo idzi dzavakwa dzakawanda.Munyaya dzedzidzo, vana vezvikoro zve primary vave kudzidza pachena kubvamuna 1980. Zvikoro zvakawanda zvakavakwa mumaruwa kuitira kuti vanhu vosevabatsirwe nechirongwa che hurumende chekupa dzidzo pachena kuvanavezvikoro zve primary. Uwando hwezvi koro zve secondary hwakawedzerwawozvakanyanya kuitira kuti vose vanopedza zvidzidzo zvavo kuzvikoro zve primaryvawane nzvimbo. Nekuda kwaizvozvi, uwando hwevana vanonyoresa kuwananzvimbo muzvikoro zve primary, zve secondary nezvepamusoro vakawandazvakapetwa katatu kubva mugore ra 1980.Mugore ra 1979 vana vaive muzvikoro zve primary vaidarika zvishoma pamazanamasere ezviuru vekusecondary vari makumi manomwe ezviuru anezviuru zvitatunemazana mashanu. Gore rino vana vekuprimary vanodarika mamiriyoni mavirikusecondary kuine mazana mana ezviuru. Muna 1979, zvikoro zvinodzidzisavarairidzi zvakanga zviine vadzidzi zviuru zvitatu asi gore rino vanodarika zviuruzvisere nemazana mapfumbamwe.University ye Zimbabwe yakanga iine vadzidzi chiuru nemazana mana nemakumimasere bedzi muna 1979, asi gore rino vawanda kusvika kuzviuru zvishanunemazana matanhatu. Bato revanhu re ZANU (PF), rinoti munhu wese anofanirakuwana dzidzo kuitira kuti agokwanisawo kupinda mumabasa ezveupfuminemamwewo emagariro evanhu anoitwa munyika. lyi ikodzero inofanirakuwanikwa nezvizvarwa zvese zve Zimbabwe.Pane basa guru rakaitwa munyaya yekuti vanhu vose vakwanise kurapwa. Vanhuvanotambira mari inobvira pamadhora zana nemakumi mashanu zvichidzika pasivanorapwa pachena. Kwakavakwa makirinika nezvipatara zvakawandamumaruwa. Kubvira muna 1980, nzvi-mbo dzekusimudzira utano hwevanhudzakavakwa mumaruwa mazana maviri ane gumi nembiri. Tisati tavenerusununguko pakanga pasina. Musha mumwe nemumwe wave nemushandianoona nezveutano - asi kwakanga kusina vashandi vezveutano mumamishanyika isatiyasununguka.Bato redu pamwe nehurumende rinoti zvirwere zvinofanira kudzivirirwa kwetekuzviregerera zvimbotanga zvarwadzavanhu. Chinangwa cheduchekudakuwanisa mvura yakachena kuvanhu vose venyika ino, chinofambirananechirongwa ichi chekudzivirira zvirwere.Nekuda kwaizvozi, utano hwevanhu ve Zimbabwe hwave nani.MIGWAGWA YE MUMARUWA

Tisati tawana rusununguko, migwagwa yaivakwa munzvimbo dzaigara mabhunu.lyezvino vatema vave kugara munzvimbo idzi, saka iyezvino migwagwa yavekuvakwa mumaruwa yakananga mativi ose. Migwagwa yakagadzirwa zvakanakaisted, they were offered by church missionaries. Colonial governments cared verylittle for people's basic welfare. Today these services have been expandedphenomenally.In the field of education, primary education has been made free since 1980. Manyschools have been constructed in the rural areas to ensure that all Zimbabweansbenefit from the Government's policy of free primary education.The number ofsecondary schools has been greatly increased to accommodateas many of thosewho complete primary education as possible. As a result of thesemeasures,enrolment at primary, secondary and tertiary levels has trebled since1980.In 1979, there were 819 128 children in primary schools and 73 540 in secondaryschools. This year there are over 2,5 million pupils in primary and over 400 000in secondary schools. In 1979yonkeyemaphandleni isipho benzi sezempilakahle kodu tholi uzibuse lezizisebenzi Ibandla lethu le ZANU (P kisa kakhulu uhlelo lokuthi mpilakahle.Lihlose lekul amahle ezabeiweni zonke z loluhlelo luzathuthukisaka kahle.Singakatholi uzibuse imii yayisakhelwa amabhunu am khulu kuphela. Khathesi ablima emapulazini la njaloim qheliswa yagoqela izigaba phandleni.Imigwaqo emihie iphath kisweni kwendawo zemaph6 thisa uzulu wemaphandlenlimo zakhe emikambo lekut phangisa izinto ezidingaka yabo. Imigwaqo emihleepA theni ukusebenzelana kwan ndawo zemaphandleni, lenThe development of rural areas and the establishment of growth points is ZANU(PF)'s priority.there were 3 000 students in teacher training colleges. This year the figure standsat about 8 900. The University of Zimbabwe had only 1 481 students in 1979; thisyear the number has risen to over 5 600 students. ZANU (PF) and its governmentbelieve that every Zimbabwean should be provided with the opportunity to learnin order to fully participate in the socioeconomic activities of the country. This isa basic right which should not be denied any Zimbabwean.Great strides have been made in mak. ing health services accessibleto allZimbabweans. People earning $150,00 or less per month receive free medicalcare. Rural health services have been established which include the constructionof new clinics and rural health centres. Since 1980, over 44 ruralhealth centreshave been built - none existed before independence. Each village now enjoys theservices of a village health worker (there were no village health workers before12nayo. Kungakhathalekile ngobunzii obalethwa yikwehla kwenothoyamazomhlaba lokungani kwezulu, uhu mende wenza ingqubelaphambili ebui kayo.Udubo oselusele ngolokulungis imigwaqo eyabhidlizwa lizulu.IMIZEBENZI YENTUTHUKO EQHUTSHWA NGUZULUENHLANGANISWENIEZIMBAL WA

Ngesikhathi sabahuquluzi benotho uzi wayephathwa njengezichakazamabhui Abesilisa labesifazane abansundu babe tshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni inotho yatbhunu. Khathesi ibandla likazulu s bumbe inhlanganiso zokuqoqa uzulu e,fundiseni ngenjongo yenkululeko yel kanye lekulandelweni kwamanyath amatshaokuletha inguquko enothw lakunhlalakahle yethu. Sekubu inhlanganisoyabatshakanye leKh.~~Vol., N 5.~ o-1~-,,ne ,1 - 5 ....

abwe News Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 1:qlbq~JA is a building block in the movement towards intra-continental economiccooperation.kubva mumapurazi makuru ichienmaruwa.gagwa yakanaka inobatsira mubamimudzira mumaruwa. Inorerutsiivemumamisha pakuendesa zvirizavo kwavanozvitengesa pamwe Lwanewozvinobvakumwe nenziaeruka. Migwagwa yakanaka izawo kusiyana kwemaruwanea Kunyange zvazvo nyika yanga irra yakanaka pamwe nedamburekudererakweupfumi munyika Mi pose, chirongwa cheHurumende igadzira migwagwachakafamba inaka. lyezvino chave kudiwa, kugamigwagwa yakaondomorwanemvu-POPULAR PARTICIPATION THROUGH MASSORGANISATIONPanguva yehudzvanyiriri veruzhinji, vatema varidzi venyika vakanga vasinachavo, vaingotarirawo zvaiitika. Basa ravo rakanga riri rekushandira mabhunuaitonga. lyezvino musangano wevanhu wakavamba masangano ekudzidzisaveruzhinji zvinoreva rusununguko nezvinodiwa panguva ino mumabasaemagariro evanhu neeupfumi. Sangano revechiduku, rinekanzuruyaro regainoona nemashandiro evechiduku munyika yose rakaumbwa kukurudzira rutsigiromuvanhu. Iri ibasa guru kwazvo ravakapiwa, sakavechiduku vanofanira kuvenezvinangwa pane zvavanoita pamwe nekuzvibata. Vanofanira kuita mabasaekuzviriritira parniwe nekuita mabasa echiuto kudzivirira nyika. Mazuvaachangopera, vechiduku1980). Our Party and Government place great emphasis on primary health careinstead of curative services. Our drive to make clean water availableto everyonein this country is partly connected with this emphasis on primary health care.Because of these measures the health of the nation has improved.GRAVEL ROADS IN COMMUNAL AREAS Before independence the road-networkwhich was constructed was targeted for the former white highlands of the country.Now Africans are on those highlands and the thrust is from the highlands to thecommunal lands in all directions. Allweather paved roads are spreading from thecommercial farms to the communal areas.Good roads are essential for the continued development of the rural areas. Theyenable peasants to send their produce to the markets, and to have easyaccess togoods and services. Good road networks also reduce the gap between urban and

rural areas, as well as the imbalance in development. In spite of the drought andthe world economic recession, the government's road construction programme hasbeen impressive. Now, there is need to repair many roads that were washed awayby the heavy rains.POPULAR PARTICIPATION THROUGH Mass OrganisationsIn colonial times the masses of our people - the indigenous black majority -yabo ekusekeleni izinqumo zebandla likazulu lekuqoqeni uzulu emisebenziniyengqubelaphambili. Lokhu kuqakathekile njalo kufanele abasakhulayobaziphathe bazi lapho abayakhona ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yabo. Kusikhatshanaesisanda kwedlula abasakhulayo bebehlaselwa ngabahlamuki. Yikhokeinhlanganiso yethu yabatsha kufanele ivikelwe nguhulumende lobanje kufaneleukuthi izivikele nxa kudingakala. Amabandla abathengisi kufanele azi ukuthiabasakhulayo bebandla likazulu balarnandla wokuzivikela.Umthetho ochaza ukuthi osakhulayo usekhulile wenzelwa ukuthi babe lelungelolokuvota hatshi ukupha ilungelo emantombazaneni ukuthi bazendisebengatholanga imvumo ebazalini babo. Kufanele kwethulwe omunyeumthethoophathelane lalo/odaba wokuchasisa umthetho owabunjwayo ukuze abantwanabaqhubekele phambili bengaphansi kwenkokhelo yabazali babo, kuzekufikeisikhathi sokuthi bayok wenda kumbe bathathwe. Loba kunjalo abathetheneyobabavame ukudinga uncedo ebazalini babo. Yikhoke umithetholomakawulanjongo yokubhidliza amasiko ethu.IZISEBENZI ZEZIMBA B WE EziYISIGIDIIZimbabwe ilezisebenzi eziyisigidi ezithuthukisa ingaisha zayo zonkezengqubelaphambili. Zilomsebenzi omkhulu wokuphathisa ekubunjwenikombuso wokusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu. Ngaphambilini izisebenzizazingelasandla emisebenzin i

14vanga vachipondwa nevapanduki. Nhengo dzebazi redu revechiduku dzinofanirakudzivirirwa nehurumende, asi vanofanira kugara vakagadzirira kuzvidzivirirawonekushandisa zvombo kana zvakakodzera. Mapato evatengesi anofanira kuzivasimba rine vechiduku vedu.Hurumende yakaumba bazi revechiduku, mitambo nezvetsika, rakapiwa basarekudzidzisa vechiduku mabasa anoda ruzivo pamwe nekusimudziratsika dzeduitsva richibatanidza zvakanaka zvinobva patsika dzechinyakare nezvakanakamunedzamazuva ano. Bato revanhu haribvumidze kusazvibata kunoita vamwevechiduku vatinoona vachifamba vudzi rakangoti nyangarara, nema bhurugwaezvikabanga nekusvuta mbanje.MADZIMAIKusunungurwa kwevanhukadzi kubva munedzimwe tsika dzechinyakare pamwewere spectators in society. They were tools of the ruling white settlers. Black menand women were merely labourers. Now, the Party has establishedmassorganisations to mobilise and educate our masses on the basic facts ofindependence, the requirements of the new socio-economic order. AYouthLeague, with its own National Council, has been established to galvanise supportfor the Party and to mobilise the broad masses. This is a very important

responsibility, and the Youth should be disciplined and purposeful in all theiractivities. They should engage in self-help activities, as well as in militaryactivities to defend our nation. In recent weeks members of our Youth Leaguehave been objects of attacks by dissidents and bandits. Our Youth Leaguersshould be protected by the government, but they should also be readyto defendthemselves, by armed force if necessary. The minority parties should know andexperience the strength of our youths.yemadolobheni. Umsebenzi w, wawungowokuthuthukisa inhialaki yamabhunukuphela Iokuhlaliswa er weni eziminyeneyo. Izisebenzi zt mbabwe zazibanjwangaman zingatsholutho. Inhlanganiso zezisebi zazicindezelwe okwenza ukangokukhululeka kwelizwe kwaswelaA inhlanganiso eyayimele izifiso zezisebeSaqalisa phansi ekusunguleni in, nganiso yezisebenzi, eye ZCTU leziezaziphathelane layo ukuze zikhangeil lezifiso zezisebenzi. Ibandla labanleZANU (PF) lasebenza gadal, ekuthuthukiseni kwezisebezamafekitali emisebenzi le:(a) Kwethulwa umthetho wemali olwa yizisebenzi ezazihola in ephansi; Lumthetho waphat, izisebenzi zemapulazinilezezind ezazicindezelwe kakubi ngamabnu.(b) Kwethulwa umthetho weEmptment Act owenqabela abaqhat4 4, 94, 4~~,Mothers' contribution to the health of Zimbabwean children in cooperating andunderstanding of the natio expanded immunisation programmenehudzvanyiriri imwe nyaya huru irimubato. lzvi ndizvo zvakasakisa kutikuumbwe sangano remadzimai mubato. Sangano irori rakaita Congress yaromuna Ndira 1984. lzviwo ndizvo zvakasakisa kuti hurumende iumbe bazirekusimudzirwa kweveruzhinji nenyaya dzevanhukadzi kuitira kuti risimudziremadzimai. Basa guru rebazi iri nderekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu magarironekusunungura vanhukadzi kubva muhudzvanyiriri.Rakapiwawo basa rekutangisa nzvimbo dzekuchengetera vana nema creche.Makirabhu nemishandirapamwe irikutangiswa nebazi iri zvichabatsiramukusimudzira gwara regutsa ruzhinji.Bato revanhu harifariri zvinodaidzwa kuti kodzero yevanhukadzi sezvinowanikwakuUnited States nedzimwe nyika dzevapambevhu.Tinoda zvekukurudzira zvekuenzana pamabasa, mashandiro emumabasa ehu-The government has established a Ministry of Youth, Sport and Culture chargedwith the responsibility to train youth in skills at all levels that the countrydesperately needs; and to promote our new culture by combining progressiveaspects from our past and the present. The Party does not encourage thepermissive society represented by youths who walk in our streets with longuncombed hair, or half-long trousers, and daggasmoking.WOMENThe emancipation of women from both some traditional practices,as well as theshackles of colonialism, is a major item on the agenda of the Party. Thisis why a

Women's League (which held its Congress in March 1984), with its own NajinnalCouncil, was formed within theukuxotsha izisebenzi kungela zizatho ezisobala.Uhulumende usebumbe ugatsha iwabasakhulayo, imidlalo lamasikoolwaphiwaumsebenzi wokufundisa abasakhulayo imisebenzi etshiyeneyo yokuthuthukisailizwe lethu kanye lekuthuthukiseni ezamasiko ethu. Ibandla likazulu le ZANU(PF) kalisekeli abasakhulayo abangaziphathiyo behamba ezitaladeni belenweleezingcolileyo zingakanywanga, begqoke butshapha, abanye bebhema imbanieA BESIFAZANEEnye ingqubelaphambili esenziswe libendla elibusayo ngeyokukhululaabesifazane ekucindezelweni leminye imithethq Yethu yekadenileyabacindezeli.Yikho kwabunjwa inhlanganiso yabesifazane eyenza umhlanganowayo wakuqalang%I 1 49 611 A FLA I I I oar.r

tumoaowe Ncews Vol.16 No. npfumi pamwe nekubatwa zvakaenzana. Tinoda kuti vanhukadzi vawenewomabasa kose kose, muma industry nemumabasa ezvekurima nekushandazvakaenzana nevanhurume mukusimudzira nyika.Kuti vanhu vose vabatwe zvakafanana, tii kuronga kuisa mutemo unobvumiravanhukadzi kuti vave nekodzero yekuve nenhumbi dzavowo vega dzisinamurume mukati. Mutemo wekuti munhu anemakore gumi nemasere anonziabvezero wakaitirwa kuvhota kwete kuti vasikana varoworwe zvisingabvumidzwenevabereki vavo. Panofanira kudzikwa mumwe mutemo unopedzakupokanakungangodaro kwakavepo pamwe nekuita kuti vana vavepasi pevabereki vavo,kusvika vazoroworwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, vanhurume vakaroora nemadzimaiakaroorwa vanopiwa mazano nevabereki vavo. Mutemo wed u haufanirikukanganisa tsika idzodzi.MIRIYONI IMWE CHETE YEVASHANDI VEMU ZIMBABWEBudiriro yenyika ino, iri mumaoko evashandi vanosvika miriyoniimwe chete.Basa guru revashandi kate nanhasi, raive rid rekutungamira ruzhinji mugwararegutsa ruzhinji, nemukuumbwa kwenyika inc shanduko nebudiriro. Panguvayehutongi hwevapambevhu, vashandi vainyinwa kodzero dzavo mumadhorobhaavaishandira nemumabasa. Vaigariswa munzvimbo dzakamanikidzana, uyevachitorwa sevaranda vaingomirira kushandira vachena. Vaimanikidzwa kugaranezvitupa panguva dzese, vachitambiriswa mart inosiririsa, kunyange havo vaiitamabasa akafanana neevachena. Masangano aimirira vashandi vatema aiveakadzvinyirirwa, ndokusaka paive pasina masangano evashandiaive nemasimbapanguva yeku. wana kuzvitonga kuzere. Nokudaro takaumba mubatanidzwawemasangano evashandi, weZimbabwe Congress of Trade UnionsZCTU,nemamwewo masangano kuti achengetedze kodzero dzevashandi. Bato reruzhinjireZANU (PF), rakarwisa zvakaomarara kuti vashandi vasimudzirwe mumabasa,mumigodhi pamwe chete nemumapurazi.Dzimwe kodzero dzakawana vashandi ndedzinotevera:

a) Mutemo weMinimum Wage, unotara marl iri pasi pasi inofanira kutambiriswavashandi. Mutemo uyu wakakosha nokuti wakadzivirira vashandivemumapurazi,nevemudzimba, vaive vakadzvinyirirwa zvikuru pamar yavanotambira.b) Mutemo weEmployment, unodzivirira vashandi kuti vasadzingwa mumabasapasina chikonzero, zvikuru panguva iyo paidzikwa mutemo we"minimum wage",apo vashandirwi vaive vasingadi kutambirisa vashandi marl yaive yatarwanehurumende. c) Mutemo we"Labour Relations", unotsanangudzakodzerodzevashandiParty. This was also the reason the government established the Ministry ofCommunity Development and Women's Affairs to promote and advancewomenin our society. The main charge of this Ministry is to redress the inequalities ofthe past, and remove the oppression of women. It is also charged with, amongother things, formation of Day-Care Centres and pre-schools. ClubsandCooperatives operated by League members are being established, and will assistin the development of socialism.The Party does not encourage the socalled women's liberation movement popularin the United States and other capitalist countries, which tries to set womenagainst men based in crude and superficial analysis. We want topromote realequality at the level of work, economic opportunity and social justice. We wantwomen to take up employment in all branches of commerce, industry andagriculture, and to be equal partners with men in development.In order to promote social justice, we are enacting legislation to enablewomen tohold their own property, and to inherit equitable property from their husbands forthe good of the family and children. The controversial Age of Majority Act whichwe passed has been grossly misunderstood. The passing of the Actwas nevermeant to abolish the normal consultative relations between children and parentsespecially as it relates to marriage. Further legislation should be enacted to clarifyany misunderstanding that has arisen. It is well known that the consultativeprocess within and among family members regardless of their age, sex or maritalstatus have been extremely positive and have contributed to considerable socialstability. Our legislation should therefore not be seen to be interferring with thisaspect of our cultural and social heritage.THE ONE MILLION ZIMBABWE WORKERS The largest potential for massorganisa. tion and mobilisation is among the workers, who number one million inZimbabwe. They have the historic task of forging socialism and ushering in a newsociety. In the past, urban and rural African workers had no stake whatsoever inthe new cities. Their role was to labour for the capitalists and live in segregatedand overcrowded ghettoes. Zimbabwe workers were required to carry passes foridentification. They were paid a tenth of the wages paid to white workersdoingthe same job. Trade Unions were suppressed. As a result, at the time ofindependence, there were no viable established trade unions. We had to build upthe ZCTU and related unions from scratch to ensure that the interests of workerswere protected, and their grievances were ventilated. TheMbimbitho ngo 1984, kwabunjwa leKhansili yabo ekhokhelwa libandla likazulu.Yikho nialo okwenza uhulumende abumbe ugatsha lokuthuthukiswa kukazululendaba zabesifazane. Wayehlose ukuthi lofu gatsha luthuthukise abesifazane

kanye lokususa yonke imigoqo ecindizele abesifazane. Lolu gatsha Iwaphiwaumsebenzi wokusungula izikolo zokugcinela abantwana abangakayi ezikoiweni,lokusungula amakilabhu lenhlanganiso zokusebenzelana zikhokhelwangamalunga enhianganiso yabesifazane ekugcwaliseni umbuso wokusuthiswakwezifiso zikazulu.lbandla likazulu kalisekeft inhianganiso yabesifazane bemazweni abahuquluziengahlosanga ukuletha ukulingana ekuqhutshweni kwayo yonke imisebenzi,amathuba alinganayo enhlelweni zenotho lelungelo elifanayo. Thina sifunaukubona abesifazane besibalesandla emisebenzini yonke yokuthengiselana,eyezandla leyokulima, balingane labesilisa emisebenzini yonkeyengqubelaphambili.Ekugcwaliseni ilungelo lomuntu, sesibumba umithetho okhuthaza abesifazaneukuba lelungelo lokuba lempahla ezibiza bona, kanye lokuphiwa impahla nxaowesilisa angaqala ukufa ukuze umama labantwana bangadubeki sebesele bodwa.(c) Kwethulwa umthetho we LabourRelations Act olamasu ezisebenzi ochaza ngokusebenza kwezisebenzi leminyeimithetho okufanele ilandelwe ngabaqatshi layizisebenzi; ukubuniwakwamakomiti ezisebenzi asephathise kakhulu ekuvikeleni ilungelo lezisebenzi.IZAPU lebandla lamabhunu le Conservative Alliance aphikisa lumthetho edalelephalamende mhla ziyisi khombisa ngoNkwenkwezi ngo 1985. Bamanyeneekulwisaneni lezifiso zezisebenzi.Kusukela ekutholeni kwethu uzibuse izisebenzi zengezelelwe iholo.Ibandlalikazulu le ZANU (PF) lokhu lilamalungiselelo wokuthi izisebenzi ezileholoelipha. nsi zengezelelwe iholo lazo. Lifisa lokubona kuthuthukiswa inhielozokuhamba kwamabhasi endaweni ezinengi kwenziwe njalo izindluezingakhiwanga kuhle emizini elenengi labantu.lzisebenzi zeZimbabwe kufanele zitshayelwe ihiombe ngokusebenza ngamandlaekuthuthukiseni imisebenzi ngesikhathi seminyakayokungani kwezulukungakhathalekile ngobunzima kugatsha Iwemisebenzi. lbandla lenengileZimbabwe likhuthaza izisebenzi zesilisa lezesifazane ekut huthukiseni ulwaziIwazo ngokuya ezikolweni zantambama. Ngo 1982 sethula uhlelo olutshalokuthuthukisa izisebenzi ezazisazi umsebenzi wazo kodwake zingelazithuphazokuwufundela. Loluhlelo Iwaphathisa ekuthuthukisweni kwezisebenzi eziphosaukufika kunkulungwane eziyisikhombisa.A innathelo wonke la ayehlose ukuphakaiisa izisebenzi engatshenizonkezeZimbabwe. Lobanje kwaba lengqubela-babwe News Vol.16 No 5 M /June 1985Mavl.l==n 1QRF=

1/ i VOl.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 ZimbabweNewmumabasa nenguva dzavanofanira kushanda zuva rega rega; unokurudzirawokuumbwa kwemakomiti anomirira vashandi mumabasa, ma"workers' committee",anobatsira vashandi kusvitsa zvichemo zvavo nekuvadzivirira mumabasa. ZAPUnebato ralan Smith reConservative Alliance, zvakaramba kutsigira mutemo uyu

mudare reparamende musi wa7 Chivabvu 1985. Izvi zvakaratidzapaachena kutimapato aya haanazvido zvevashandi mupfungwa.M ar inotambirwa nevashandi yakawedzerwa kakati kuti kubva panguvayekusununguka kwenyika ino. Chinangwa chemusangano weruzhinji, kuwedzeraman inotambirwa nevanhu vanotambiriswa mart iri pasi pasi, uye hausi kufadzwanemari shoma ichiri kutambirwa nevamwe vashandi. Musangano weZANU(PF), hausi kufadzwawo nekushomeka kwemabhazi munzvimbo dzakawanda,nedzimba dzakavakwa nhange mutange nemabhunu munzvimbo dzinogaraveruzhinji. Chinangwa chebato, ndechekusimudzira mabasa ose aya kuti agutsemhuri yeZimbabwe.Vashandi vemunyika muno, vanofanira kurumbidzwa zvikuru nokushandazvakaomarara panguva yekusanaya kwemvura, kunyange pakave nekugumurwakwevamwe vavo mumabasa. Bato reruzhinji rinokurudzira vashandi kutivaenderere mberi vachivandudza dzidzo yavo munguva dzavanenge vasiripamabasa.Muna 1982, takatangisa chirongwa chekusimudzira vashandi vaive neruzivorwemabasa asi vasina zvitupa zvekuita basa iri. Pasi pacho vashandivakanyoreswa bvunzo, vanoda kusvika zviuru zvinomwe vakapiwa zvitupa,ndokusimudzirwa mumabasa avo.Matanho ese aya aine donzo rekupa vashandi kodzero dzavo dzavainyimwapanguva yehutongi hwevasvetasimba. Kunyange pakave nebudiriroinoyemurikamumatanho ose aya, musangano wevanhu uchiine shungu dzekunhadzurudzatumwe tunhu twakasaririra. Maitiro evam we vakuru vakuru vechichenamumabasa anoshoreka, nokuti havasati vashandura pfungwa yavoyekutungamirwa nevatema. Naizvozvo ma"workers' committee" anofanira kuvaziso revashandi mukufumura vanhu vakadai. Kune vamwe vakuru.vakuruvechitema mumabasa vave kutoredzera maitiro aya. Pasi pechinangwanekurudziro yehurumende yekuregererana, vanhu vose vanofanirakuremekedzana sevanhu vemhuri imwe. Vashandi vane basa guru kwazvorekusimudzira nyika saka naizvozvo vanofanira kukudziridzwa.Chisungo chehurumende chekuregererana chakava nebudiriro zvikuru, zvakaitakuti vatema nevachena vashande pamwe chete nekugarisana pamwe chete pasinakuvengana. Chisungo ichi chine hunhu, uye chinoyemurwa zvikuru nepasi rese.Izvi zvakabatsira kuti vachena, vaive nerln,ivo rwekufambiua basa. vasatizeZANU(PF) Party has fought strenuously for the advancement ofthe workers inthe factory, on the mines, and on the farms.Some of the major blows struck on behalf of workers include: a) MinimumWage Act whichstipulated a minimum wage for the first time. This was important for farmlabourers and domestic workers (two of the largest group of workers) who werethe most exploited groups in the past.b) The Employment Act whichprevented employers dismissing workers willy-nilly as a response to minimumwages, or otherconsiderations.

c) The Labour Relations Act which is acharter for workers, stipulating minimum conditions of work for every industrywhich must be observed by every employer; and setting up WorkersCommitteesthat have helped workers in defending their interests at the factory. ZAPU and theConservative Alliance (the Smith romp) opposed this legislation vigorously inParliament on May 7, 1985. They shamelessly walked intothe same lobby.Wages and salaries of workers have been increased at various times sinceindependence: and the national wage bill has gone up considerably. Party policywas to offer the largest increase to low wage earners. The Party is stillunhappywith the wages at the lower levels, it also remains unhappy with the inadequacy ofbus services in many areas, and poor houses in high density urban townships.Efforts must be made in the future to improve these facilities.The workers of this country are to be saluted for increasing production in droughtyears, inspite of retrenchments and shorter working periods. To enable workers tobe more efficient and to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes intheir work places, the Party encourages workers and their wives toattend nightschools for adult literacy and for learning skills.In 1982 we introduced a new system of up-grading semi-skilled workers throughgrading and trade-testing. As a result of this a total of 6 886 workers weretradetested and up-graded.All these measures were aimed at improving the status of workers throughoutZimbabwean industry and eradicating outmoded practices. Although much hasbeen accomplished in this regard, some pockets of resistence to change remain. Inparticular, attitudes of certain white managers leave much to be desired. WorkersCommittees should expose and even challenge such bosses. Somenewlyappointed black managers are also becoming as bossy as thecolonialmasters they have replaced. The policy of reconciliation which we advocate is andmustphambili ethile kusafunakala inguquko ethile, ngoba kusasele ixukwanyanaelingafuni ukwemukela linguquko. Ukungaziphathi kwabanye abaqatshi abamhlo.phe kulshengisa ukuthi kufanele bagu. quke. Abanye abansundu abaphiwaizikhundla eziphezulu labo sebeqalisa ukucindezela. Ilungelo lomuntu egatshenilolu lufanele lufezwe ngemfanelo.lsinqumo sikahulumende sokuxolelana silet he ingqubelaphambili encomekayoosokwenze abansundu labamhlophe basebenze belokuwelelana ngazo zonkeizikhathi. Saphathisa ukuthi abanye babainhlope abazi imisebenzi ethilebaqhubekele phambili bethuthukisa ifizwe lethu. Kodwake isinqumosokuxolelana kasitsho ukuthi sibe yizichaka zabamhlophe emisebenzini kumbekwale kulomehluko o,nkhulu phakathi kwernali eholwa ngabansundulabamhlophe.UKUGXILA IMPANDEUkugxila impande embusweni welizwe viyo inhloso yebandla likazuhl lonyaka,okungumyaka wokhetho olukhulu Iwesibili olwenziwa elizweni jikelele. Lesiyisinquno okufanele sigcwafiswe. Injongo yempi eyakhokhelwa libandla likazulule ZANU (PF) yayingeyokukhulula iZimbabwe einbusweni wamabhunu

wocindezelo lobandlululo. Kusukela ekutholeni kwethu inkululeko, agxileimpande. U1978 wawungumnyaka wokufeza impi yokukhulula uzulu ngobaindawo ezakhululwa ngainabutho enkululeko zabunjwa amakoiniti ayekhokhelwayizakhamizi. U. mnyaka ka 1979 waba ngowokuqhelisa /inpi ngoba kulaphouzu/u weinaphandleni lezisebenzi zaba lesandla esiphe. zulu ekubhidlizeni zonkeingatsha zabacindezeli. Umnyaka ka 1980 waba ngowoinbuso kazutu ngobakulapho okwakhuhleka i/izwe lethu, kwabhidlizwa umbuso wabezi. ininyaka ka1981 kusiya ku 1984 vaba yimninyaka yenguquko. Kodwake uinnyaka ka 1985ngowokugxila impande embusweni welizwe lethu.Lonyaka kubhalise izikhonzi zeZimbabwe ezedlula izigidi ezimbili ekubeniIe/ungelo lokuvota. Inengi lizavola okwakuqala empilweni yalo. UzuluweZimbabwe o lelungelo lokuvota kuyafanele agcwalise iungelo lakhengokuvotela ilunga kumbe ibandla alifunayVo. UHulumende welu/a lesi sikhathiukwenzeta ukuthi zonke izikhonzi zibe lethuba lokubhalisa ukuba laleli hlngelo.Kanye lokuthatha ainanyetho wokwenzela ukuthi ukhetho hbe ngo/nkhu/ulekeyo.Khathesi umsebenzi wokubhafisa uzulu usuphelile lobanje kwabalobunzimaobuithile. Ikomiti yedale lephalainende ebikhokhelwa ngumphathintambowezokwahlhdela, inithetho endaba zephalainende ikhokhelee umsebenziwokulungi,ele/a oh khetho. Isekelwe emsebenzi lo yikomiti eqakathekilevokakhulu yezisebenzi zikahuhunende ezihoniphekayO ebikhokhetwanguinnu M.Thompson uingcinisihlalo wekoinidi yezisebenzi

Zimbabwe News Vol.16 No. 6mumabasa vasati vadzidzisa vatema mafambisirwo emabasa avo. Asi chisungoichi chekuregererana, hachirevi kuti vachena vanofanira kuenderera mberinehumbimbindoga hwekutungamira mumabasa, kana kuti vanhu vaitambira marliri pamusorosoro vanofanira kuenderera mberi vachiwedzerwa marl, vari pasivasimudzirwe.KUDZIKA MIDZI 1985, rinove gore richaitwa sarudzo yechi piri muZimbabweyakasununguka, igore redzika midzi. Iri harisi zita bedzi, asikuti chinangwachikuru chebato. Donzo remusangano we ZANU (PF), panguva yehondoyechimurenga, uye nepanguva yekusununguka kwedu, raive riri rekupiwakweruzhinji masimba ekuzvitonga, pamwe chete nekusimbaradzwakwaro. Gorera1978 raive gore reruzhinji, uye mawuto edu erusununguko akasununguranzvimbo dzine chitsama, ndokuumba makomiti emumisha kuti .,tungamireruzhinji rwemunyika kurova hondo yerusununguko. 1979 raive goreregukurahundi, apo ruzhinji rwemhuri yeZimbabwe rwakatanga kuparadzahutongi hwehupambevhu nerusaruraganda. 1980 raive gore remasimba evanhu,apo takawana rusununguko rwekuzvitonga, pamwe chete nekuparadzwahwehupambevhu. Makore a 1981 kusvika 1984, aive makore ekupindura zvinhu.Gore ra1985 igore redzika midzi.Gore rino, vagari vemuZimbabwe vanoda kusvika mamiriyoni matatu varikunyoreswa kuve nekodzero yekuvhota, uye ruzhinji rwavo rwuchanovhotakekutanga muupenyu rwaro. Munhu wese ane kodzero yekuvhota anofanirakushandisa vhoti yake neungwaru, nekuvhotera bato nenhengo yaanofunga kutindiyo ingamirire zvido zvake muparamende. Hurumende yakaita zvirongwa

zvekuti sarudzo iri kutevera iitwe murusununguko nemurunyararo. Kunyoreswakwevavhoti kwakapera, kunyange hazvo basa iri raive rakaoma zvikurunepamusana kwekuwanda kwevanhu vainyoresa..Hurumende yakaumba komiti, inotungamirwa negurukota rinoona nekutongwakwemhosva, mitemo, nenyaya dzeparamende, yaive nebasa rekuona kutikunyoreswa kwevanhu kodzero yekuvhota, pamwe chete nesarudzo, zvaitwanenzira yakatwasuka. Komiti iyi inotsigirwa nebazi rinoona nezvesarudzo, rinonziElection Directorate, rinotungamirwa naVa M. Thompson, sachigaro vekomitiinoona nezvevashandi veHurumende. VaThompson vakatungamirira komitiyakatungamira musarudzo yemunal980. Pamusoro pemapazi aya, pancmamwezve makomiti maviri anoshanda ari pasi pemutungamiri wenyika.Yekutanga. iDelimitation Commission inoona nekukamurwa kwernatunhuachakwikwidzwa, ichitungamirwa naJustice Sandura. Komiti iyi inebasa rekuonakuti matunhu emunyika agoverwa zvigaro zvinoenzana nehux a-17be based on a recognition of the respect and dignity of individual worker. Labourplays as vital a role as capital in the production process.The government's policy of reconciliation has been highly successful, making itpossible for blacks and whites to live and work cheek by jowl in this country. It isa principled, humanitarian policy. It is also practical in that our industrial infrastructure requires the skilled labour that some whites have. But,reconciliationdoes not mean continuation of white bossyism at the work place, orthecontinuation of the present wide gap in incomes and earnings betweenblacks andwhites.CONSOLIDATION OF PEOPLE'S POWERThe consolidation of people's power is the declared slogan of the Party for 1985the year of the second general election. It is not just a slogan, but a declaredpolicy objective. The central objective of ZANU (PF) in the armed struggle forliberation from colonialism and racism, and since the attainment of independencein 1980, has been the transfer of power to the people, and then consolidating thatpower. 1978 was called "the year of the people" when the Party cadres opened upliberated zones and established village committees run and organised byZimbabwe peasants; 1979 was "the year of people's storm" when theorganisedpeasantry and workers started the process of breaking down the colonial and raciststate institutions; 1980 was "the year of people's power" when politicalindependence was achieved, and the colonial era brought to an end. The years1981-1984 were "years of social transformation". But 1985 is "theyear ofconsolidating people's power".This year the largest number of Zimbabweans (2.9 million), are beingenfranchised, and many of them are exercising their vote for the first time. Everyadult Zimbabwean must exercise this political right and cast his votefor thecandidate and Party of his choice. Elaborate arrangements have been made by thegovernment, to ensure that the elections will be free and fair. Registration ofvoters has been completed, although the process was complicated by the largenumbers involved. A sub-committee of the Cabinet, chaired by the Minister ofJustice, Legal ard Parliamentary Affairs, has supervised all stages of the

registration and election process. It has been supported by a high-poweredcommittee of the most senior civil servants - The Election Directorate- headed byMr. M. Thompson, Chairman of the Public Service Commission. Mr. Thompsonheaded the committee that organised the 1980 elections. In addition, there are twocommissions which report directly to the State President. One is TheDelimitationCoin-zikahulumende. Umnu. Thompson nguye owakhokhela ikomiti eyalungiselelaukhetho luka 1980. Yikhoke kulamakomiti amabili ethulela umkhokheli welizweimibiko yawo ngalolu daba. Eyokuqala ngethiwa Delimitation Commission ebonangokulungiswa kwezigaba zokuvotela elizweni jikelele, le ikhokhelwangumanishi uJustice Sandura. Eyesibili ngethiwa ngesingisi Election SupervisoryCommission ekhokhelwa ngu sikwicamfundo W.K. Kamba ongu Vice Chancellorwe University yeZimbabwe. Likomiti ngebona ngokulandelwa okuqothokwendlela zokhetho, njalo ibikela umongameli welizwe ngokuqhutshwakomsebenzi wayo. llamada wokucwayisisa nxa kungela kusuthisekakuzulu,inhlanganiso kumbe kwebandla lezombuso welizwe, ngokuqhutshwa kokhetho.Olunye udaba oluyisinengiso ngolokuthi abamh/ophe babelabameli ngaphansikwesisekelo sombuso seLancaster House. A bamhlophe abazinkulungwaneezingamatshumi amathathu lanhlanu bazakhetha amalunga angamatshumi amabiliazabamela kudale lephalamende, kukanti inani linye labansundu lizakhetha ilungalinye. Lesi sisekelo sombuso esilobandlululo sizalungisiswa ngokuphangisa nxaithuba lingatholakala.UKUBUNJWA KWEBUTHO LEZIMBABWE LE ZIMBABWE NATIONALARMY (ZNA) Ingqube/aphambili esobala eyenziwa libandla likazulu IeZANU(PF) IoHulumende eminyakeni emih/anu esedlule, yikumanyanisa akwenzaamabutho ayekuzigaba ezintantu ezithi: awe ZANLA, ZIPRA layengaweRhodesia, wonke aba libutho linye le Zimbabwe National Army, ngaphansikukandunankulu munye. Iziphathamandla zamabutho ele Britain zaphathisakakhulu ekufundiseni ibutho lesizwe sethu kanye labangane bethu be DemocraticPeople's Republic ye Korea. Lelibutho elithembekileyo kakhulu liphumeeleekulondolozeni ukuthula ngazo zonke ezikhathi lekuvike/eni inkululeko yethu.Leli butho lenze imuliye Zimbabwe yadla izithelo zenkululeko yazo. Ngaphandlek waleli butho kwakuzakuba nzima ukuthi imuli ye Zimbabwe yenzeingqubelaphambili ebukekayo esikhona elizweni jikelele.Ubudlelwano kanye lokusebenzelana phakathi kwebutho lesizwe le ZNA /ozululube lengqubelaphambili ebukekayo. Ibutho le Zimbabwe lihlala liphathisa imuliye Zimbabwe emisebenzini yentuthuko, efana leyokwakha izikolo, amakilinika,amabholoho, /okuhlanza indawo zelizlve ezingcoileyo. Zonke ingatsha zebutholethu le ZNA sizisungele uhlelo lokuziphilisa ngokufezaimisebenziyengqubelaphambili.lhayifosi ye Zimbabwe (A FZ), amabutho kazulu awe People's Militia.lamapholisa eZimbabwe, awe Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) lezinye ingatshaMavliunm, 1QR6Zimbabwe News V01.16 No 5 Ma /June 1985

I J. Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 ZimbabweNewsndu hwevanhu. Komiti yechipiri, iElection Supervisory Commission,inotungamirwa naProfessor Walter Kamba, vanove Vice Chancellor veUniversityyemuZimbabwe. Komiti iyi, inoshandawo iri pasi pemutungamiriwenyika, uyebasa rayo nderekuona kuti sarudzo iyi yaitwa zviri pamutemo, pasina kutyorwabumbiro remitemo. Kana pane vanhu, masangano, kana kuti mapato anenge asinakugutsikana nekufambiswa kwesarudzo, vanosungirwa kusvitsa zvichemo zvavokukomiti iyi.Chimwe chinhu chinogumbura zvikuru mubumbiro remutemo reLancaster House,zvigaro gumi nezviviri zvakachengeterwa vachena mudare reparamende. Vachenavane kodzero yekuvhota, zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu chete.lzvi zvinorevakuti pavanhu vatema vane kodzero yekuvhota, huwandu humwe chetehwohunokwanisa kusarudza nhengo imwe cheteyo mudare reparamende, vachenavachisarudza nhengo makumi maviri. Hurumende ichatora matanhoekunhadzurudza bumbiro remutemo kuti rifambirane nezvido zveruzhinji ikawanamukana wekuita izvi.KUUMBWA KWEMAUTO ERUNYARARO (ZNA)lmwe budiriro yakaitwa nebato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) neHurumendemumakore mashanu apfuura, kubatanidzwa kwakaitwa mauto eZANLA, ZIPRAneeRhodesia kuva chinhu chimwe pasi pehutungamiriri humwe. Chikwatachenhengo dzemauto eku Britain, chakaita basa guru rekudzidzisamauto enyikaeZimbabwe National Army, pamwe neshamwari dzedu dzakabva kuDemocraticPeople's Republic yeKorea. Mauto edu akabudirira zvikuru mukuchengetedzarunyararo nekudzivirira rusununguko rwenyika panguva dzakange dzakawoma.Kuvimbika kwemauto enyika yedu kwakaita kuti mhuri yeZimbabwe idyemichero yerusununguko yakafara, pamwe nekugarika, nekudzika midzimumasimba ekutonga. Tisina mauto akavimbika kudai, veruzhinji vaigonakurasikirwa nekodzerodzavo nerusununguko rwavo.Kune kudyidzana kwakasimba zvikuru pakati peveruzhinji nemautoerunyararoeZNA. Mauto everuzhinji abudirira zvikuru mukubatsira veruzhinjimumabasaebudiriro, akafanana neekuvaka zvikoro, makirinika, mazambuko nemamwewomabasa ekuchenesa maguta edu. Chokwadi, mauto edu eZNA abudiriramuchinangwa chekusimudzira mabasa akatsawukana emagariro everuzhinii.Mauto ehayitosi (AFZ), ePeople's Militia, nemapurisa eZimbabwe(ZRP)nemamwewo masangano anochengetedza runyararo, akaita mushandirapamwenemauto erunyararo mubasa guru rekudzivirira nyika yedu. Vashandivehurumende mumapazi anechitsama vakashandawo zvakasimbamukudzivirirarusununguko rwedu. Hurumende nebato reveruzhinjimission headed by Justice Sandura whose function is to carve out constituencies.This Commission makes certain that constituencies have more or less equalnumbers of voters. The other commission is The Election SupervisoryCommission which is headed by Prof. W.J. Kamba, Vice-Chancellor of theUniversity of Zimbabwe. This commission ensures that the constitutionalprovisions of the election process are complied with, and reports directly to theState President. It can receive and investigate any complaints from individuals,

organisations or political parties. All aspects of the constitution have beencomplied with.One of the most shameful relics of the colonial era is the over-representation ofthe whites built into the Lancaster House Constitution. The 35 000 registeredwhite voters on the special role will be able to elect 20 Members of Parliament,when the same number of black voters will elect only one Member. Thisconstitutional racism will be redressed as soon as the constitution permits.BUILDING A NATIONAL ARMY (ZNA)One of the many successes of the ZAN U(PF) government in the last 5 years has been the integration of the three separatearmies at the time of independence ZANLA, ZIPRA and the RhodesianArmy -into a single army, the Zimbabwe National Army, under one command. TheBritish Training Unit helped us a great deal in the re-training andintegrationprocess. We have also received invaluable assistance from our friends in theDemocratic People's Republic of Korea. The young but disciplinedand loyalarmy that has been created has maintained law and order and defended theintegrity of the nation in difficult times. With this disciplined and loyal army attheir service, the people of Zimbabwe have been able to enjoy and consolidatetheir power. Without the military muscle, the people would not have been able toenjoy basic human rights, and to exercise their newlywon political, social andeconomic gains.Interaction between the ZNA and the masses has been tremendouslyimproved bymaking the army a truly people's army. The ZNA is constantly engaged inassisting the masses in popular projects like the construction of schools, clinics,bridges and cleaning up operations in cities - to mention only a few. Indeed theconcept of "The Army with Production" has taken root virtually in all brigades ofthe ZNA. The Air Force of Zimbabwe (AFZ), the People's Militia, the ZimbabweRepublic Police (ZRP), and other security organisations have participated hand-inhand with the army in the vital task of defending people's rights. Public servantsin other sectors of government have alsozomvikela zibe Iokusebenzelana lebutho emisebenzini eqakathekileyo yokuvikelailungela likazulu. Izisebenzi zikaHulumende engatsheni ezithilelazo zibe lesandlaekuqiniseni inkululeko yethu. lba. ndla likazulu le ZANU (PF) toHulumendeuyancoma kakhulu ukuzinikela o. kungaka kwam'abutho ethu enjogweniyokuvikela iZimbabwe.Ekufezeni amandla wombuso kufanele kube lokumanyana kwemuliyonkeyeZimbabwe. Wonke umuntu we Zimbabwe kufanele aqakathekise izi:tso zeZimbabwe, zibe yizo azifaka phambii. Kufanele basebenze ngamandlaekulondolozeni impahla zikaHulumende.Kufanele bamanyane babenye. Njalo kufanele bazemukele niengamaZimbabwekungakhathalekile ukuthi omunye uyabe engumuShona, eliNdebele, umVenda,enguMtonga kumbe ekhuluma olunye ulimi. Kufanele semukelane niengabantubemhulinye yeZimbabwe. Iiizwe lethu kufanela limanyane okuqotholiqinisweyilumanyano.UMBUZO PHEZUKOMANYANOWESIZWE

lbandla likazulu le ZANU(PF) ljonge ukuletha umanyano phezu kwakhokonke.Yikho nie kwabunjwa uHulumende womanyano ngemva kwenkululeko.Isinqumosokuxolelana esisilandelayo sijonge ekuletheni umanyano phakathi kwabansundulabamhlophe kungakhathalekile ngomhlobo, umbala womuntu tokholo lwakhe.Ibandla lenengi lisola ngokugcweleyo labo abamabandla ombuso welizweabalenjongo yokudazulula immuli ye Zimbabwe ngezigaba abadabuka kuzokumbe ngemihlobo yabo. AmaNyika, AmaNdebele, aMakaranga, amaZezuru,aMakorekore bonke ngabantu banye. Ekwakheni isizwe sinye iZANU (PF)iyakunanzelela ukuwelelana kwamasiko ethu, indimi zethu kanye tokuwelelanaesingaba lakho kunhlalo yethu yomdabu.Ingqubelaphambili esesithe sayenza enhlalweni yethu isidanise kakhulu ixukuelithize elingaziyo lapho eliyakhona kwezombuso welizwe lethu kanyeIoHulumende wamabhunu we South Africa. Okukhathesi toHulumendeusebenzisa okungamaxukwana kwezikliwi ekuphazamiseni inhlalakahle yelizwelethu. Ngendlela efanayo usebenzisa abahlamuki be MNR ekuphazamiseniinhialakahle ye Mozambique kanye labahlamuki be UNITA ekuphambaniseniingqubelapha-. mbili ye Angola. Kwele Lesotho usebenzisa abahlamuki beLesotho Liberation A rny. Bonke abahlamuki abasetshenziswa ngeleSouth Africababe libutho leZIPRA, njalo belandela uJoshua Nkomo. Abahlamuki lababaqoqwa kanye lokuphathiswa yi ZAPU ekuqhubeni inisebenzi emibiyobugebengu, yokudwengula, ukweba, ukutshaya kubi kanye tokubulala imuli yeZimbabwe engelacala. lhandla likazulu le ZANU

News Vol16 N. 5MavlJune 1985z umbidza zvikuru basa guru ririkunemapazi ese arikudzivirira nyika yeMhuriyese yeZimbabwe inofanira kuijinangwa zveZimbabwe pamberi. Vanvesevanofanira kushanda zvakasimamukudzivirira zvinhu zvehurumen Tese tinofanirakubatana tova chi,iu chimwe, vanhu vamwe. Tese tiri mhuri imwe, zvisinei kutimunhu anenge ari muShona, muNdebele, muVenda, muTonga kana rumwe rudzi.Tinofanira kubatana semhuri imwe yenyika imwe. Kubatana ndiko kunotipasimba rekuti tibudifire muzvinangwa zvedu zvese zvekusimudzira nyika yedu.MUBVUNZO WEKUBATANAKWENYIKABato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) rinechinangwa chekubatanidza vanhu veseveZimbabwe. Saka rakatambira chinangwa chekuumba Hurumende yemapatomazhinji mushure mekusununguka kwenyika yedu. Chisungo chekuregereranachine vavariro yekubatanidza vachena nevatema vange vakapatsanurwaneruvengo nekusarurana, pamwe nekubatanidza vatema vese zvisinei nerudzirwavo kana dunhu ravanobva. Chinangwa chedu ndechekuumba Zimbabwe imweisina rusarurarudzi, tsika, kana chitenderi chemunhu. Mamwe mapato anodakupandanisa mhuri yeZimbabwe nemarudzi, anoshorwa zvikuru nomusanganoweveruzhinji. Mukuumbwa kwenyika imwe isina rusarura, bato revanhu reZANU(PF) rinozviziva kuti panekufambirana kwetsika dzedu, mitauro pamwenemagariro edu tese. Saka zvakakosha kuti tibatane.Budiriro yatakaita mukubatana mumakore apfuura zvaunza ruvengo mutumapatotwezvematongerwo enyika tusina gwara pamwe nekuHurumende yemabhunu

yeSouth Africa inevavariro yekunyonganisa magariro akanaka eZimbabwe.Hurumende yemabhunu iyi parizvino irikushandisa zvikwata zvenhunzvatunzvazvevapanduki veMNR zvekukanganisa rusununguko rweMozambique; vapandukiveUNITA varikushandiswa nemabhunu kuunza kusagadzikania muAngola,muLesotho arikushandisa mhondi dze Lesotho Liberation Army. MuZimbabwemabhunu aya arikushandisa mbwende dzakatiza mumauto everuzhinji eZNA,nenhengo dze Super ZAPU. Vapanduki vemuno varikubatsirwa pamwenekutsigirwa neZAPU mumabasa ehubhinya, kuba pamwe nekupondamhuriyeZimbabwe isina mhosva. Bato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) richaenderera mberirichishanda zvakasimba mukudzivirira veruzhinji Pamwe nekuparadza mhondiidzi. Zvirongwa zvehurumende yenauhunu zvekuedza kuparadza nyika yeduzviripachena: Chokutanga inotora kukunda kwakaita ZANU (PF) musarudzoyomuna 1980 sekukudwa kukuru, sezvo mauto ayo akaita mabasa akaipa zvikuruekupanda zvizvarwa zvemuno pamwe neku-Without the military muscle the people would not have been able to exercise theirnewly won political, social and economic gains.played a vital role in ensuring that the gains which the people made atindependence were not lost. The Party and government commend all these forcesfor their dedicated service to the people of Zimbabwe.In exercising power, it is necessary to have a high level of national consciousness,national discipline and cultural unity. Zimbabweans must put Zimbabweaninterests first. They must work hard and look after national assets and governmentproperty. They must be consciously united as a people. Shonas,Ndebeles,Vendas, Tongas and others are all Zimbabweans who must treat themselves andothers as such at all times. Our nation must strive for maximum unitybecause inunity there is strength.THE NATIONAL QUESTION AND NATIONAL UNITYThe Party seeks national unity above everything else, hence the formation of anational coalition government after independence. The reconciliation policywhich we are pursuing is intended to unite blacks and whites, after decades ofracial hatred and discrimination, and all blacks, irrespective ofrace, tribe orregion. Our policy is to build one Zimbabwe without reference to thecolour, theculture or the religion of a citizen. Political elements seeking regional or tribaldomination of others stand condemned by the Party. Manyikas, Ndebeles,Makaranga, MaZezuru and Makorekore are all one people. In building one nationZANU(PF) respects the culture, language and social characteristics of each and everydistinct ethnic group.The success which we have had in forging national unity has frustrated thedesigns of a very small, politically misdirected section of our population and(PF) lizaqhubekela phambili lisebenza ngamandla ekuvikeleni uzululekutshabalafiseni laba bahlamuki.Izizatho zikaHulumende wamabhunu we South Africa zokuphazamisa ukuzinzakwelizwe lethu zisobala. Okwakuqala, wamukela ukunqoba kweZANU (PF)njengokwehlulwa okukhulu elizweni lapho amabutho akhe abulala inengielalimsulwa; kanye lekubhidlizeni inotho yethu; okwesibili, udaniswa yikubona

impumelelo yokusebenzelana phakathi kwabansundu labamhlophe, okokucina,ufuna ukuthi siqhubekele phambili siyizichaka zakhe kwezenotho, seyame kuyengazo zonke izikhathi.Inhianganiso ze SADCC le PTA ezihilose ekuletheni ukusebenzelanaemisebenzini yengqubelaphambili emazweni angeningizimu langempumalangayezwekazi leAfrica zizondwa kakubi nguHulumende wamabhunu. Njalo uyazamaukwethula imigoqo yokuzengqabela ekuphumeleleni. Yonke limizamoyamabhunu izakufa. UHulumende weSouth Africa labahlamuki bakhebazanqotshwa.UMBUSO WOKUSUTHISWA K WEZIFISO ZIKAZUL U Ukuzimiselakwebandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) ekulandeleni umbuso wokusuthiswa kwezifisozikazulu kugxile ezinqumeni zemfundiso ye Marxism le Leninism. Lumbusowoltusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu ulezigaba ezinengi. Isigaba sinyengasinyekufanele sihambelane lembali lamasiko, esizwe. Emasikweni ethu sasibelama/ima okusebenzelana emasimini kumbe ekuviUnweni kwamabele leminyeimisebenzi ethile yokusebenzelana.lbandla le ZANU(PF) lifuna ukuthi inotho ye/izwe yabelwe ngokulingana kanyelezeinvelo yeZimbabwe, uzulu aphiwe iholo elihambelana lokuqhuba kwakheimisebenzi uHulumende lebandlaNews Vo1.16 No. 5MavlJuna 1QBfi

Vol.16 No. 5 Mav/June 1985paradza hupfumi hwenyika yedu. Chechipiri: Mabhunu anotya kuti tichabudirirakuunza mushandira pamwe mumabasa ekusimudzira nyika yedu pakati pavatemanevachena. Chokupedzisira: Hurumende yemabhunu iyi irikuda kuti nyika yeduiyenderere mberi yakazendarna kwairi mune zvehupfumi.Hurumende yemabhunu yemuSouth Africa irikushanda zvakasimba mukuedzakukanganisa masangano anoti reSADCC nerePTA, emushandirapamwemumabasa ebudiriro pakati penyika dzekuchamhembe kweAfrica nekumabvazuvakweAfrica. Zvino hurumende yemabhunu yemuSouth Africa ichakundwa chetenokuti haingakundi zvido zveveruzhinji.GWARA REGUTSA RUZHINJIBato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) richazadzisa hutongi hwegwara regutsa ruzhinjirichitevedza dzidziso yaMarx na Lenin. Kana zvazvo gwara iri riinezvikamuzvakasiyana, zvese zvinofanira kuzadziswa zvichifambirana netsika pamwenemagariro evanhu. MuZimbabwe takagara tichingotevedza gwara irimumishandirapamwe yataiita yakaita seye"nhimbe" ne"majangano" mumabasaedu ese ekurima nemamwewo.Bato revanhu reZANU (PF) ririkuda kuona kugoverwa kwakaenzaniranakwehupfumi hwenyika yedu pamwe nezviwanikwa zvayo; marl inotambiriswavashandi ifambirane nekuitwa kwemabasa; Hurumende nebato reveruzhinji zvivenechokuita mumabasa makuru ehupfumi hwenyika; pamwe nokutimunhu weseavenekodzero yakaenzananirana mumabasa ese nemunzvimbo dzekusimudzirahutanho, dzidzo nezvimwewo. Tinoda kuona kubudirira kwegwara regutsaruzhinji mukati memakore mashanu arikutevera; kusimudzirwa kwezvirongwa

kweminda mirefu; panwe nematanho ekudzivirira makambani makuru kutiasaenderere mberi achipamba hupfumi hwedu zvikuru mumabasaezvemigodhiinekugadzirwa kwezvinhu.Tichine mhandu dzakati kuti dzinorwisana negwara ratakasarudza regutsa ruzhinjimuZimbabwe. Dzimwe mhandu idzi dzekunze kwenyika masangano anoti: reIMFinove homwe yemari yenyika dzepasi rese nebhangi renyika dzepasi rese, WorldBank. Masangano aya anowanzo batsira nyika paihe zvisungo zvekuda kuparadzagwara regutsa ruzhinji. MuZimbabwe tichiine vamwe vanhu varikudakuzviwunganidzira pfuma sezvaiita mabhunu akange akapamba nyika yedu.Bumbiro rehutungamiri rakagamuchirwa nemusangano mugore rakaperamukuzvidzivirira kuti vatungamiriri vemusangano weZANU (PF)vasazviwunganidzira hupfumi hwakawandisa.Takohomedza kakawanda mugwaronhau rino kukosha kwekusimudzira mabasaebudiriro, kuchengetedzwa kwerunyararo nekugadzikana kwenyika. Tara-racist South Africa which prayed for chaos in independent Zimbabwe. RacistSouth Africa is now using this small disaffected fringe to destabilise our countryin the same manner that it is using the MNR in Mozambique, UNITA in Angolaand the so-called Lesotho Liberation Army in Lesotho. Many of the dissidentsbeing used by South Africa are deserters from the ZNA and members of Super-ZAPU. The dissidents are organised and assisted by ZAPU to commit heinouscrimes against innocent Zimbabweans such as rape, robbery, maiming and killing.The people's ZANU (PF) will spare no efforts to defend the people and toeliminate the dissidents.South Africa's reasons in attempting to destabilise us are clear; first, it considersZANU (PF)'s triumph in 1980 as having been a major defeat for itself in a countrywhere it had committed a great deal politically, militarily and economically;second it is terrified of our success in promoting black-white co-operation; and,finally, it wants us to remain dependent on it economically.Organisations such as SADCC and PTA, which are meant to promote interAfricanco-operation and trade in this region outside the South Africa orbit, are also beingsubjected to a great deal of pressure from South Africa. All theseefforts will notsucceed; South Africa and her dissidents will be defeated.SOCIALISMZANU (PF)'s commitment to socialism is based on the principles ofMarxismLeninism. Socialism has many varieties and forms; each must be relatedto people's history, culture and tradition in the context in which it is practised. Inour culture we have had traits of socialist practices - for example. "nhimbe","majangano" communal use of land, and so on.ZANU (PF) wants to see a fair distribution of wealth and natural resources inZimbabwe; a fair wage based on good production; control of the major means ofproduction by government and Party; and equal opportunity andaccess to allsocial services such as education, health and others.We want to see a greater thrust in a socialist direction in the next 5 years. Barringnational hazards such as droughts, we must have accelerated resettlement; andthere should be more control of the multinationals in the areas of mining andmanufacturing.

Our socialist aspirations face a number of challenges from persons andinstitutions opposed to this ideology outside Zimbabwe. Foremost of theexternalinstitutions are the IMF and World Bank which give money on stringentconditions- conditions meant to defeat socialism. Within Zimbabwe we have many peoplewho want to walk in the shoes of col-abe lesandla emisebenzini eqakatkel yokwenziwa kwemisebenzi, wonkeu ntu abelethuba elifanayo enhie/weni qakaihekileyo ezigoqela ezemfun ezempilakahlelezinye.Phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu ndelayo sifuna ukubona ingqubela pmbiliebalulekileyo ekugcwais% kwombuso wokusuthiswa kwezifiso z zulu,kunqotshwe inhiupho ezibange yikungani kwezulu, kuthuthukisweuhlokuhlaliswa kutsha kukazulu, kanyi kwenqabeleni amankampani amakawezenjiwayo lalungisa impahla eku4 bekeni phambili ehuquluza inotho liz we.Isifiso sethu sokugcwaisa umb wokulingana kukazulu ukhangelene tha ezilwisanalawo phandle kwe Zia bwe. Inhianganiso yesikhwama sama omhlaba ye IMFlebhanga lamazw mhlaba, zikweledisa amazwe omhl kulezimiso ezithileokufanele zemukf kodwake zilenjongo yokuphazamisa, tho yelizwe. EZimbabwesilabanye ntu abafuna ukuhuquluza inotho ngeyabo bodwa njengamabhunu ayendezele. Isisekelo sobukhokheli esemi Iwa libandla likazulu le ZANU(PF) i kenyesiqakathekile ekwenqabeleni khokheli be ZANU (PF) ekuzibutheh inotho.Zigcizelele kanenginengi kulolug diana ngokuqakatheka kokuthuthu inhielozengqubelaphambili, ukuloi loza ukuthula lenhlalakahle yelizwe le Ngasikhathisinye sikubeke sobala uA misela kukaHulumende wamabhun South Africalabahlarhuki, lokufuna bhidliza amazwe ethu. Njengoba sh ngelane laloludabakuqakathekile uk sicabangisise ekwenzeni amalungisi amatsha ezombuso welizweazakt kube nzima ukuthi izitha zelizwe zio lule zilethe inxabano lokungezwanijkathi kwethu, ziphazamise lesifisos sokugcwaliswa kwezifiso zikazulu. K balaukuthi umbuso wamabandla am ngi esilawo ngalesi sikhathi ukhuti izithaekuletheni ukwehlukana phaA kwethu njengoba lawo mabandla aza, h/ulwaokhethweni olukhulu, ezapi sana lenhielo zebandla likazulu leZi(PF) ehlose ekuphikiseni okungak, Umbusowebandla linye yiwo kupongaqedainhiupho zokungahlalisek nye lemisebenzi emibi ekhuthazwa mbuso wamabandlaamanengi.Umbuso munye esfijsa ukuwub" e/izweni lethu kwelizayo, ngozaki ithubaelipheleleyo kuzulu filele thini azilungiselele ingakusasayakh letheniingqubelaphainbili lentuth sizwe sonke seZimbabwe.I2C

oN /,wx/ Vnl In Mninnjodzi iripo yemhandu dzirikuda nganisa budiriro yenyika yedu, neisa chumhondiarikukurudzirwa nemende yemabhunu yeSouth Africa. imende yemabhunuyeSouth Africa iinangwa chekuparadza nyika yedu. tinofanira kugaratakangwarira idu idzi dzinoda kuunza kupondana ati medu pamwenekuparadzazvinaa zvedu zvegutsa ruzhinji. Zvitevea zvekuva nemapato mazhinji munyidizvo

zvinodyara mhodzi dzehupaci. Hutongi hwebato rimwe ndihwo huchagonakuparadza mabasa ese nharadzi.utongi hwebato rimwe munyika ino-vavariro yekuunza budiriro yemuwese. Uye tese tichazvishandira regwana redurinebudiro yekusimudziyika yedu yakasununguka yeZimba-21onialists and grab all wealth for themselves as individuals. The leadership codewhich the Party adopted last year is a timely instrument to prevent thepossibilityof accumulation of wealth by leaders of ZANU (PF)We have stressed throughout this paper the importance of development,preserving peace, security and stability. At the same time we have pointed out thedangers of destabilisation which we face from our South African neighbours andcertain elements within our borders. South Africa is ready at the slightest excuseto threaten our very existence as a nation. Faced with this situation it isimperativethat we should think seriously of new political arrangements which would make itdifficult for external enemies to drive wedges between us, and retard our socialistobjectives. There is no doubt that the multi-party system which we have at presentencourages subversion and division as parties who fail at the polls opposeprogrammes by the Party in power purely for the sake of showing that they arestill in business. A one-party State would eliminate the problems ofinstabiity andsubversion which are encouraged by the present multi-party system.The one-party State which we want to see in this country in the future is meant toprovide an opportunity for the masses to set free their will and energies andenable them to control their destiny in order to achieve progress andprosperity inthe interest of the society as a whole.le i" rOWS Vol 1r N- 1; z ...%A 1 1 4 rW wl h= 4Q

22 Vol.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 ZiMnPresident Addresses NaticOn Independence AnnivenFollowing is the full text of the speech given by His Excellency the President,Rev. the Hon. Canaan Banana, to mark Zimbabwe's Fifth Anniversary ofIndependence, on April 18.:Comrades and Friends, we gather here today with extreme pride, overflowing joyand overwhelming ecstasy of delight as we meet to celebrate yet another birthday.Today is a very special occasion, Zimbabwe is five years old.What momentous and eventful years these have been. Various malevolentmischief makers, hired detractors and several prophets of doom never gave thisyoung nation any chance of success. How completely and utterly off the markthey have been! We Zimbabweans are renowned for proving everyone wrongwhen it comes to our survival and progress as a nation. Problems there have beenbut which nation on this earth has no problems?Following his Party's massive electoral victory in our first elections forindependence in 1980, our Prime Minister, Cde. Robert Mugabe enunciated a

policy of reconciliation. Despite subversion by certain elements ofourcommunity, reconciliation still remains Government policy. Our policy ofreconciliation is unique in the history of the emergent nations. Indeed, it is themiracle of our time that we remain firmly committed to peace, friendship andbrotherhood among Zimbabweans of all races, all political shades, in spite of thelack of reciprocity from qome of those groups. We remain convincedthat thegreatest majority of our people - both black and white desire peace, and haveeagerly espoused the policy of reconciliation.My Government will approach the forthcoming general elections inthe samespirit that it has displayed over the past five years. This Government is a firmbeliever in the rule of law - and will continue to uphold the latter and spirit of theconstitution. Government has made it clear that there are certain aspects of theLancaster House Constitution that it would like to change but it has alsodemonstrated that it will bring about these changes in a constitutional and legalmanner.JewIn its short history, Zimbabwe has become renowned in its respect for the law andthe legal institutions. It is for this reason that our elections will beconducted in afree and fair manner, in accordance with the provisions of the constitution.Indeed, this is a clear example of our acknowledgement of and commitment to thedemocratic principles that have always characterised all our actions over the pastfive years.The Registrar-General's Department has completed the registration of voters inpreparation for the forthcoming general election, and approximately three millionvoters were registered.I would, therefore, like to take this opportunity to appeal to all the political partieswishing to contest the coming elections to do so in peace; to observe the laws ofthis land during their electioneering and campaigns around the country. Peoplemust be allowed to exercise their democratic rights without fear of intimidationfrom any quarter.We were unfortunate in that, no soont had we achieved our independence the wewere afflicted by severe drought an world recession. The combined effects ( thesetwo seriously hampered ou development plans. Nonetheless, rn Government wasable to score coi siderable gains for the betterment of tl lives of our people.A minimum wage was introduced, an later improved upon, for the industriworkers, domestic employees and tho! on the commercial farms. We firm' believein the paramountcy of the worke and we will continue to do our best, cicumstances permitting, to improve his lo Another far-reaching measure introds edby the people's Government was frn universal primary education. Today, r childin Zimbabwe can be denied primal education through proverty, or inabid to payon the part of his parents. Heal care is now also available to all, ThereJ in fact,free medical care for all those e ning less than $150 per month.

we News VOIlA No ~ L4~,,l1I~n~ 1OA~Further programmes for the improveient of the quality of life forthe Zimabweanmasses will unfold as GovernLent's projected plans come to fruition. o far, we

have achieved far more for our cople, in a short time, than the colonial egimes didin nearly a century of their legal occupation of our country. The problems that wehave faced and vercome in our first five years of naonhood would have brought totheir nees nations built on shifting sands. imbabweans are made of sterner stuff. Iehave been tried and tested from all 1gles, by both natural and man-made afictions.Yet at the end of the day we ave come out on top, triumphant and ndeterred in ourresolve to press on and arch forward towards our clearly enunatednational goalsand objectives. In,ed, we have scored numerous successes ier the past five yearsagainst so many Ids. Zimbabwe seems to have achieved lulthood in a record timeof five years. Amidst our joy, however, it is with the eatest of regrets that theGovernment id people of Zimbabwe recently learnt .the dastardlymurder of thesix foreignurists, who were killed by bandits, ortly after their abduction in July, 82. Thecallous murders of innocent ivellers, who were not in any way inlived in ourinternal affairs, has saddena1 decent and peace-loving Zimbabtans, and whilstthere is no way to un-do what has been done, it is satisfying to know that many of those responsiblehave been brought to justice or have paid the ultimate penalty at the hands of ourSecurity Forces. Our sincere and heartfelt symphathies go out to these familieswho have been bereaved by this tragedy.The continuing violence in Matabeleland Province, and parts of theMidlandsProvince, has again adversely affected the overall security situation in ourotherwise peaceful country. However, no amount of intimidation, murder or rapewill force a freely and popularly elected Government to throw in a towel andabrogate its sacred responsibilities. Government has a sacred mandate to upholdlaw and order, to maintain peace and to preserve Zimbabwe's territorial integrity.Our Security Forces will meet the dissidents' force with greater and more decisiveforce. No amount of noise from whatever quarter will stop this Government fromdoing what it considers to be in the national interest of Zimbabwe, and serves toprotect the majority of our peace-loving populace. Any attempts tointerfere withthe democratic process during our forthcoming elections will notbe tolerated. MyGovernment is alive to such a possibility, and will be taking every precaution toensure that our elections are conducted in a free and fair atmosphere,The huge white "thing"measuring approximately 36 metres high 32 metresin diameter and a mass weight of 243 torts nowmagestically loomingfrom the Mazowe Valley along the HararelBinduraroad is the Antenna ofZimbabwe's EarthSatellite Tracking Stationand amidst conditions of peace and tranquility.Our foreign policy continues to reflect our deep commitment, as a people and as anation, to principles of genuine nonalignment and our belief in the principles offreedom, justice and equality for all. We continue to be concernedabout thedeteriorating situation with Southern Africa which we regard as a major and

indeed increasing threat to international peace and security. The past year hasseen Zimbabwe, together with its Front Line partners, play an increasingly activerole in mobilising international opposition to, and condemnationof, the evil ofapartheid itself, we have confirmed to mount opposition to South Africa's illegaloccupation of Namibia and to the insidious campaign of subversion anddestabilisation being waged by the Pretoria regime against all the states ofSouthern Africa.In spite of our pacific intentions, there has been little change in our relations withthe Republic of South Africa, who are still bent on destablising Zimbabwethrough their clandestine support for banditry and the beaming of subversivepropaganda broadcasts, which are aimed at dividing the nation through themedium of the so-called "RADIO TRUTH".If the apostles of "constructive engagement" were to share a commonborder withapartheid, they would soon rudely wake up to the naked truth that the23we News Vol 16 No 5 Ma 11- 1 1

2.4regime is imprevious to reason and sanity. The whole world stands shocked at thebrutal murder of unarmed civilians during the recent peaceful demonstrations heldto commemorate the Sharpeville massacre. Little did those innocent victims ofapartheid realise that another bloody episode, a true replica of Sharpeville, wouldbe re-enacted. Every previous act of beastiality and brutality' pales intoinsignificance as the Botha regime strives to excel and outdo itself incrimesagainst innocent humanity.It is not a tragedy of our time to see the rest of the so-called free and civilisedworld wash their hands and feebly condemn South Africa, whom whatis need.edis concrete, punitive action against the racists? We live in horrifying times, andcontiguous to an evil regime that has no respect for human life andthe rule oflaw. The Western world, by association, shares to a great measurethe brutalitythat South Africa unleashes against the poor defenceless millions of itsinhabitants. Without the unstinting support of the apologists for apartheid, SouthAfrica would not dare do what she is doing with such incredible impurity.The signing of the Nkomati Accord between our Mozambique friends and theRepublic of South Africa last year has, regretably, not broughtthe peace andstability to Mozambique that was hoped for. The Renamo Bandits are stillopposing the lawful Government of Mozambique and the indications arethat, farfrom curbing their activities, there has in fact been an increase in violence in thatcountry. As a consequence of this unsettled situation, the presenceof hostileelements along our eastern border has, from time to time manifested itself in actsof banditry, such as stock theft and common robbery.A more disturbing feature of Renamo banditry has been the continuing influx ofdisplaced Mozambican nationals, who have fled into Zimbabwe to avoid beingcaught up in the conflict that has disrupted their normal agriculturaland otherpursuits. It has been necessary to establish displaced centres in certain areas in

order to house and care for the physical and medical needs of these unfortunatecomrades, in conjuction with the United Nations High Commission forRefugeesand other international aid organisations, to whom we extend our thanks.Despite all these trials and tribulations, the nation of Zimbabwe has continued toplay an important role in international affairs.The role we have played within SADCC and the PTA, and the successeswe haveachieved in our collective attempts not only to promote-intra-regional trade anddevelopment but also to lessen our individual and collective dependence uponSouth Africa and the South African economy, have been significant and representa most encouraging promise forthe viability of the economies of the countries of the sub-region.We have continued to follow a principled and constistent stand on world issuesand are convinced that the realisation of peace, political justice and economicequity in all parts of the world is a critical necessity.Comrades and Friends, this nation's achievements over the past five years canonly be described as miraculous.pared to their 8 per cent contrib 1980, a wet year. The deliveries iare evenexpected to break I records. The SADCC Admin Unit responsible for co-ordinafood security projects for regions $14 million into the country frort to implementthe projects.The process of land redistributii farming, co-operative developm land surveyinghave continued to iProvidence has at last smiled upon us and released a bounty upon ouThe state of our agricultural industry is basically sound notwithstanding theeffects of the three years of drought, with widespread, rains we have had thisseason, we look forward to another bumper harvest. The effectivecontrol ofanimal diseases, is a prerequisite for the development of adequate beef and canguarantee a sufficient supply of dairy products. Strict measures taken to controlthe spread of the tsetse-fly have improved the livestock numbers in the low-veld,and dipping service facilities have been greatly improved. Through the aid offriendly countries, we have built animal management and health centres whichshould be commissioned in 18 months to two years. Our beef exports toa numberof countries have increased; and new markets continue to be sought. Dairyproduction, which was below demand, has increased dramatically, attemptscontinue to be made to export to neighbouring countries.Despite the three years of severe drought, there has been an increase in cropproduction in communal areas. The communal farmers delivered about 40 percent of the maize crop in 1984, a drought year. That was a remarkable feat, com-steadily. In the area of resettleni families were resettled during bringing the totalso far settledi to 31 071 at a total cost of a million. As part of the overall theprovision of the infrastructi resettlement areas in a number and clinics have beenprovided 1 propriate ministries. Resettlemei received training in various fi despitethe drought, some res areas recorded very high yields cotton and tobacco.In the area of co-operative ment the picture continues I couraging. During the yearth of both primary and tertiary coincreased considerably. This ii membership,accompanied by co-operative training and exte also led to improvedproductio ly

by agricultural collectives, an ed services for input sul marketing by co-operativeunA new computer-assisted system has been installed to fac: surveying. A majorwelcome ment in terms of easing the chr tage of technical staff in th%III&N-5 Ma/Junel 5 tf

we NeWS Vol.16 Nonvyis the establishment of a land v degree course at the University ofnbwe.e state farm parastatal, Agricultural ural Development Authority (ARcontinued toexpand its activities, in process increasing its fixed capital es from $31 million to$54 million. w operations at Rusitu, Kezi and hvane were started during the year.L also started a joint venture comfr large-scale dairy production at th theCommonwealth DevelopCrporation. ARDA has now firmlished itself as one ofthe leading A s of a wide variety of agricultural 3 , including vegetables, tea,cofwat, cotton, milk and beef. ARalso established provincial planits for theplanning of ruralv ent in communal areas.A as rural afforestation is concernm overnment saw a significant in'tree planting,especially in the m al areas. State plantation areas eased by some six thousandshecper cent of which was plantedfield of tourism my Government a to establish the Zimbabwe DevelopmentCorporation which s ged with the task of being the coorand investment arm ofGovernIthis regardthe corporation now eA Zambezi River Lodge in Vicia Fallsand Ambassador Hotel in .rare. During the course of the current lendar year myGovernment will be 'mmissioning the opening of the Hotel id conference centre inHarare - a iolly Government owned complex. The ar 1984 saw the easing of theworld cession resulting in a slight upsurge in urist arrivals - a welcome sign whichould further increase our capacity to rn more foreign currency.The construction of al-weather roads to the communal lands is a continuingexercise.My Government has made efforts to transform our society in rural areas.Following the Prime Minister's directive, the Provincial Councils andAdministration Act was promulgated which repealed the Provincial AuthoritiesAct and at the same time establishing the Office of the Provincial Governor. Thenew Provincial Councils have now been set up. A Rural District Councils Billaimed at amalgamating the present rural councils and district councils has beendrafted and will be presented to the next session of Parliament.Considerable progress has been made in the provision of primary water suppliesand road development in the rural areas. The District DevelopmentFund hascompleted 264 boreholes, 24 dams, 403 kilometres of road and 94 bridges. TheDistrict Development Fund also ploughed 10 903 areas for communalfarmersduring the last ploughing season.Since the merging of all the transport related elements of the economy into theMinistry of Transport in January 1984, the ministry has now begun to plan anintegrated transportation system which brings together air, rail and roadtransport.

On the road sector, work to reach the communal lands with standard allweatherroads has continued, albeit slowly, because of lack of funds in the past financialyear. The Chinhoyi-Chegutu road, Mashonaland West, should be completed in thenext two months, the Dorowa-Mharadzano road inManicaland, is almost complete, the Glendale-Chiweshe road, MashonalandCentral, is almost complete and the Bulawayo-Legion road, MatabelelandSouthis complete. Several bridges have been completed in almost all the provincesthroughout the country.The electrification programme of the5 years Independence Anniversary Highlights. The 1st Secretary and President ofZANU(PF) among the many boys and girls who were "Born Free" 198025Ve Aff-v Vol 16 No 5 M-/Jun- 1QArM=vLh ran, 1QRI;1 1 4

Zimhahwp Mnw,,2eDabuka-Harare rail line is now functioning smoothly. As a result of theelectrification and massive investment programme the National Railways ofZimbabwe now has the capacity to cope with forecast traffic and some to spare.Following successful negotiations with the West German Government in 1984 thetelecommunications and navigational equipment is now being installed at all theeight major airports of Harare, Bulawayo, Victoria Falls, Kariba, Hwange,Masvingo, Buffalo Range and Mutare.The Registrar of Deeds and Companies, Patents and Trade Marks has joined theHarare Protocol which empowered the Industrial Property Organisation forEnglish Speaking Africa to grant patents and registered industrial designs onbehalf of other contracting states here in Zimbabwe.In the Prison Service, the emphasis has been on rehabilitation through variousfarming and workshop activities supplemented with adult literacy programmes.Our policy is now to re-locate prisons in rural areas with rehabilitation geared torural pursuits so that prisoners will return to their communal lands with enhancedskills.Government has continued to improve the country's social services and relatedamenities. Our housing programme has been extended to cover both rural andurban areas. My Government has provided funds to local authorities through theNational Housing Fund for the construction of houses for low income groups ataffordable prices. Furthermore, self-help schemes and building co-operatives havebeen launched as modes of house construction. These modes haveyieldedpositive cost saving results, and have thus become very popular.BuildingBrigades continue to grow and their activities now include the manufacture of alltypes of building materials, and they cover as many as 27 local authority areas.

Efforts to bring both primary and secondary education within the reach of all ofour children have continued unabated. Ninety-three percent of our primaryschool-age population was in school in the past year.In the coming year, greater attention will be paid to the remaining seven per centwho are largely on commercial farms to ensure that they too have access toeducation like the rest of the children in the country.At secondary level, facilities were provided for all the increasingnumber of '0'level school leavers, twenty-six additional Sixth Form Schools were opened at thebeginning of this year. At teacher education level, the first 518 students graduatedfrom ZINTEC Colleges. Hence-forth an increasing number of ZINTEC Teacherswill be graduating every term thus greatly reducing the number of untrainedteachers in our education system. Asstated recently by the Prime Minister, the urgent need now is to match thisquantitative expansion with qualitative output from our schools.Our activities in the primary health care programmes, maternal and child healthactivities have continued to receive priority. Mothers and children constitute 7 percent of our population, and are the most vulnerable to diseases and ill-health. Thedevelopment of health education materials and the institution of supportingstudies and researches have continued to improve and expand.We are happy to announce that through these simple preventive measures, wehave been able to reduce the infant mortality rate by 50 per cent that is, from 120deaths per 1 000 live births to 60 deaths per 1 000 live births in just over threeyears.In the field of occupational health, compensation and safety, compensationbenefits payable to workers injured on ihe job or who get occupational diseases inthe course of their duties were increased and the Workers' Compensation Act wasamended to cover all workers earning up to $16 000 a year. The minimumpension for workers who suffer serious disability as a result of a work-relatedaccident or disease was increased by almost 17 per cent.Government continued its efforts to assist the needy. Public assistance has beenprovided to the destitute and the victims of the liberation war and financialassistance is now being extended to the widows and dependants of our heroesthrough the medium of the recently promulgated National Heroes's DependantsAssistance Act, 1984.An important development in the sphere of human resource development was thepromulgation in February of this year, of the Manpower DevelopmentandTraining Act. This new law empowers Government to regulate the activities ofprivate colleges some of which have been charging students exorbitant fees.Students enrolment at vocational and technical institutions which was over 13 000in 1984 is expected to be much higher this year as a result of the establishment ofsatellite training centres for each technical college. The training of instructors intechnical fields commenced with the recruitment of 79 trainees at theBulawayoTechnical College and the Harare Polytechnic.The major achievement in the field of labour has been the maintananceofindustrial peace at most of Zimbabwe's workplaces. The Labour Relations Bill,which seeks to democratise industry and propound the rights of theworkers, was

approved by Parliament in February. This measure marks a milestone inC'vernment's effort to improve the country's system of industrial relations.The socialist principles espoused by Government have been focused onredressing some of the inequalities within our society. There havebeen genuineattempts to redress gender inequalities, and the discriminatory practice ofremunerating women less than their male counterparts for the same type of workhas since been abolished. The Sex Disqualification Act has given the Zimbabwewomen the right to participate in all public functions as office holders on an equalbasis with men. This has enhanced our women's participation in important.decision-making bodies. These are many other areas which point in the directioatowards the total elimination of disabilities that have stood in the way of women'sprogress.Our youth have also received prominence in our programmes, and thisyear, thishas been highlighted by t0e declaration of 1985 as the UN designatedInternational Youth Year. The ministry continued to contribute to our manpowerneeds with the provision of skills training to selected leading members of~theYouth Brigade at the training centres. Cast year 908 Youths completed the two.year courses in agriculture, building, carpentry, home economicsand leatherwork,skills with emphasis on rural development and aimed at checking youth rural-urban migration. Despite the drought, training centres managedto producegood.crops particularly maize and cotton and reared significant heads of cattle,and other livestock. Government has continued to support projectsthat provideopportunities for self-employment for our youth.Furthermore, construction work has started on the National Sports Stadium whichis expected to be completed in 1987.The Zimbabwe Youth, Sport and Recreation Councils Act was gazetted andelections for representatives to these councils have already taken place. TheNational Library and Documentation Service Bill was passed; and during the pastyear the first of the proposed 55 District Cultural Houses was completed as part ofthe National Library and Documentation Service. Mobile libraries and book vanswere procured for the service.Such progress could not have been possible if law and order had not been strictlyenforced, and our territorial integrity preserved. Our defence and security forceshave performed remarkable service in the last year, particularly in relation to thescourge of dissidents in the western part of the country. The threatto the integrityof Zimbabwe has been successfully contained. In their task, the regular securityforces were assisted by the newly trained People's Militia, whose main functionwas the guarding of vital points such as bridges.During the period under review our Police Force contributed enormously to therestoration of peace and stability in the western region of our country.Vol. IV 140. ay unea KA I i login Zimbabwe AT-f

babwe News Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 198527

Genuine attempts towards the total elimination of diabilities that havestood in theway of women's progress.lowever, the strain on manpower permitting, plans are in hand to establish Therehas been reasonable progress in ught about by the need to containthe externalbroadcasting services to fight our mining activities. Mineral production iritysituation in the affected areas has racist South Africa propaganda.for 1984 wasabout 546 million dollars litably resulted in the Zimbabwe 001tublic Police beinghard pressed to ibat escalating crime elsewhere. ietheless, therewere severalsignificant ak-throughs especially with regard to g trafficking and thefts. mportantachievements were scored in telecommunication domain which in. led theaddition of 10 000 lines at-are Central Exchange; the completion a new building and radio-telephone toHarare at Chitungwiza Exchange ch will be commissioned in mid-1985;N.,conversion of 14 of the 50 rural nual exchanges to automatic working;establishment of a radio-telephone in the Gokwe area; the completion heInternational Gateway Exchange Gweru; the commissioning of the awayo-Victoria Falls microwave link bling the opening of the PANAFTEL tes intoZambia, Botswana and lawi; the provision of microwave em on the routes fromHarare to ,ru, Bulawayo, Mutare, Chinhoyi and iba; the completion of civil worksand allation of equipment at the Mazoe "O[h Satellite Station which will be com;ioned in mid-1985; and the developAt ofmore cable and overhead line netks; as well as telex and data services, feetincreasing demands. iformation and broadcasting services , greatly expanded. Anew Broading Training Studio and a new Televi . News Studio were built atpockets and the amount of local input on The National Army servesthe interestof Zimbabwe and protect the ma. iision increased to 55 per cent Funds jority ofour peace loving population

Vol.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 Zimbabwe Newswhich is an increase of 16 per cent over the value of mineral production for 1983.The volume increase was about 7 per cent.Government assistance to the mining sector continued unabated throughout 1984.The various technical departments continued to offer their free services to themining industry.The Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation, in its short history,has madeprogress in the exploration of ore deposits which were previouslynot beingexploited. The ZMDC is in the process of developing kyanite depositsanddelineating a tungsten deposit in the south of the country. The Governmentacquired shares in the MTD Group in order to sustain production and the ZMDCis now managing MTD's operations.Coal production from Hwange Colliery for 1984 was 2,8 million tonnes and thisfigure is expected to double by the time the thermal power station is fullyoperational. Despite the existing problems of trasportation affecting the coal'scompetitiveness in overseas markets, Hwange Colliery is increasingits exports ofcoal to East and Central Africa.

In the area of trade a significant development was the signing of Lome IIIConvention in December, 1984. The benefits of the Convention include freedomof access to EEC markets for many products originating in African, Caribbeanand Pacific States. The agrement also includes financial assistance in the form ofgrants and loans from the European Development Fund and European InvestimentBank. This assistance will cover capital projects, sectoral programmes, technicalco-operation programmes and th deployment of resources in support of the effortsof grassroots communities.Another milestone in foreign trade was the launching of the operational phase ofthe PTA on July 1, 1984 by the Honourable Prime Minister, Cde Robert Mugabe.This launching brought into force the first round of tariff reductions in exports tothe PTA region.The past year saw the commencement of operations by the Small EnterprisesDevelopment Corporation (SEDCO). The main objectives of the corporation areto encourage and assist in the establishment of co-operatives and commercial orindustrial enterprises, to provide management counselling and training as well asfinancial assistance to these enterprises. The response to the setting up of thiscorporation from the public has been very encouraging, and if this continues thedevelopment of Zimbabwe entrepreneurial skills will be another successstory.For the first time, in 1984 Government commenced participation inthemanagement of the Zimbabwe International Trade Fair. The Government nowchairs both the management and executive committees of the Fair. Theparticipation of the Government is in line with ourdeclared policy of bringing all major institutions in Zimbabwe underthe directmanagement and control of Zimbabweans. Our initial participation has been verysuccessful and we have now effectively established the ZimbabweInternationalTrade Fair as a national event.Because of the world recession and the three successive years of drought, acritical shortage of foreign currency inevitable emerged resulting in a sharpdecline of out-put from the manufacturing sector. The Government arranged for aWorld Bank Revolving Fund and Several Commodity Aid Programmes tomaintain a continuous supply of raw materials, spare parts and equipment for themanafacturing sector. This exercise helped to maintain existing operations offirms and, to a large extent, shut-downs were avoided.In our steel industry plans are underway for the rehabilitation of a number ofailing plants, diversification of steel production, and the expansion of trainingfacilities. Ziscosteel has been drawn to the centre of efforts aimed at co-operationamong the PTA countries in the iron and steel industry since it is the onlyintegrated iron and steel plant in the region.Another effect of our financial constraints was a slowdown in the replacement andexpansion of the motor vehicle fleet, the procurement of vital spare parts toservice the existing fleet and the modernisation of printing equipment for theGovernment Printers.Government has successfully implemented its decision to have all purchases byparastatals controlled through the Tender Board. I note with satisfaction that this

move has brought in huge savings to Government in particular and the nation ingeneral.A Bill to establish a national unified power supply undertaking, the ZimbabweElectricity Supply Authority, went through Parliament. The amalgamation processhas already begun and as a result the tariffs will be made uniform across thecountry. Furthermore, National Control Centre, which is a computerised andmodern distribution supervisory facility is nearing completion and will becommissioned soon. This is a great stride towards the control of electricitygeneration, transmission and distribution. Despite the unfortunate events thatbefell our largest thermal generating plant at Hwange, two unitsare now fullyoperational. Four others will be completed by March, 1986 and the total capacitywilt be 920 mega watts. This, together with Kariba power, should makeZimbabwe self-sufficient.The Government's concern of provinding electricity to people in rural areas is ofprime importance. To this end a number of growth and district centresare beingconnected to the national grid system and these will be cores for rural distribution.Research and development is continuing in the areas of biogas, woodstoves andsolar energy.In the area of water resources there have been intensified efforts inthe provisionof water supplies to people, particularly in communal areas whose sources ofwater had dried up due to the three years of severe drought. An average of 80boreholes per month were being drilled and, sand abstraction points were alsoconstructed to provide additional sources of water. A number of storage dams,reservoirs and weirs were constructed during the course of 1984.The successful implementation of all of Government's programmes and projectsdepends on the availability of funds, as well as sound financial planning andadministration of our inances. To this end, therefore, over the pasttwelve months,the Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning and Development establishedanumber of institutions and implemented a number of programmes all of which areintended to facilitate development as well as make Government relatively moreefficient. The omstetitepms established are: the Zimbabwe Deyelopment Bank,the Zimbabwe Reinsurance Corporation and the Zimbabwe DevelopmentCorporation. The ZDB and ZIMRE are already operational and the ZDC will alsobe operational in a few months.Early this year Government opened a new Customs and Excise Training Centre.The centre is large, better equipped and better staffed than the old one. It offerstechnical and management courses as well as train instructors.This shouldincrease the efficiency of the Customs and Excise Department.The Commission of Enquiry into Taxation was sworn in 1984. Its primary task isto recommend to Government ways and means of restructuring and modernisingthe nation's tax system with a view to making it more equitable and efficient.Some of the Commission's recommendations will be submitted to Governmentwithin a few months and the complete report should be ready by the end of theyear.Work on the first Five-Year Plan, successor to the Transitional NationalDevelopment Plan, is in progress and should be completed by the end of the year.

The process of plan formulation involves the whole of Government,the masses aswell as relevant private sector organisations. The Five-Year Plan will useProvincial and Sectorial plans as building blocks, thus taking into account theaspirations and needs of the masses than did the Transitional NationalDevelopment Plan. In addition a detailed review of the economy (1980-1984) isunderway and should be published sometime in June. This document will beuseful to both public and private organisations.Government has intensified training and accounting procedures in order to bringabout a more efficient advice system, and to curb financial maladministration.The measures include:

News Vol.16 No. 5() Legislation passed to effect deterrent mandatory sentences onany publicservant convicted of corrupt practices;(ii) A new accounting manual, whichis an important tool for in-house training and which re-enforces existing systemsof internal check and control was prepared and distributed throughoutGovernment;(iii) In relation to suspense accounts,the amendments were affected to the standing Treasury Instructions,to allowAccounting Officers to deduct directly from payroll, any monies advanced toOfficers and not properly accounted for; and(iv) Training of all officers concerned with financial administrationhas beenintensified and will continue to be a priority in our training programmes.I am glad to report that, to a marked (tent Government's efforts have began )bearfruit and with goodwill, integrity id discipline on the part of those contrned, thereis no doubt that the situaon will continue to improve. After five successive yearsof imlementation of the Presidential Direcye, the Public Service has beencomletely transformed and non-whites now ccupy every categoryof the Serviceinluding technical, professional and senior ianagemnent fields, thus creating thecorect racial balance in the service. Women have also made majorgains in bePublic Service. For example in 1980, 242 or 30.67 per cent of the total of 0 570established officers, were women. ly 1981, out of a total of 25 861stablishedoffices, 11 312 or 43.7 per ent were women. Their representationat he level ofAssistant Secretary and above as also increased from less than one per ent in 1980to nine per cent by 1984. The Public Service Commission has iways beenconscious of the need to enure the quality of performance in the 'ublic Service.Through its various trainng centres, it has responded to this need yofferingcourses in Accounting, Peronnel, Administration, Rural Developient, AgriculturalExtension Methods, Legistry Procedures, Community )evelopment, Auditing andInspection to ame only a few. Since 1980 these cenres have conducted courses for80 295 ,articipants.The major problem confronting the 'ublic Service is. that it continues to loserained personnel to other sectors in this ountry. This brain drain hasresulted inome operational difficulties and there ave been cases of indiscipline andmaladinistration. On the whole, our Public ervice is still basically healithy. Where

ipses have occured, these are being unovered and rooted out by ourPublic genciesthemselves. In my last address to you on this occa-Mavldiina 1lRRsion, I shared with you the problems brought upon us by the crippling threeyeardrought spell that had descended upon us. Today, however, we all rejoice in theabundance of rain. Providence has at last smiled upon us, and Godhas releasedhis bounty upon our land - and we are indeed thankful. Our rivers areoverflowingtheir banks; our dams are spilling over; our veld and fields alike are clothed inluxuriant green. What a lovely and welcome sight!A good rainy reason means a lot of hard work on the part of our farmers, both inthe communal and commercial sectors. My Goverrment has never lost sight of itsresponsibility to maintain and promote a strong, viable agricultural industry as aprerequisite to achieving selfsufficiency in all our basic food requirements. Ourland reform policies have been geared to this end. Both our resettlement areas andthe commual lands have continued to improve in productivity, while ourencouragement and support of the commercial sector and promotion of statefarms have continued unabated. I am positive that all our farmers will rise to thechallenge and opportunity that these good rains have afforded us.I am equally confident that our industrial and manufacturing sectors will also notbe found wanting. The world has been slowly but definitely crawling out of therecent recession. We should be alert and ready to seize the opportunity to get oureconomy going full blast again.There is great potential for development in Zimbabwe - and our industrialrelations are the envy of many nations. The combination of a committed,disciplined work force on the one hand, and vigorous and enterprisingentrepreneurs on the other should provide the necessary catalystfor dynamiceconomic activity. Government on its part will do its best to assist where itsintervention will help to improve the situation.Often difficult times teach us useful lessons for the future. The drought in waterrationing in our major cities and towns. These hardships clearly broughtNews V01.16 Not 5 M-]June 198529home to us the need to conserve water. It is my hope that the lessons of goodhusbandry learnt during these hard times are fully ingrained in us, and that carefulconservation of our natural resources has become second natureto us. We shouldall take leaf from Government's example, which set up a national droughtinsurance fund, in an attempt to safeguard the nation against the vsgaries of naturein future.We are under r. illusion of the task we have set ourselves, nor do we pretend thatwe can achieve all our objectives over night. But we have made a beginning avery impressive one at that, considering the problems we have had toface overthese past years. A socialist transformation is not a one-day wonder; it is not anevent, but an on-going process whose realisation can only be accomplished inmeasured stages. We have to work for it: each and everyone of us must regard itas his sacred duty or vocation to give of himself selflessly to Zimbabwe. This is

our contribution to humanity - present and those yet to be born. In thewords ofKarl Marx:"When we have chosen the vocation in which we can contribute most tohumanity, burdens cannot bend us because they are sacrifices for all. Then weexperience no meagre, limited egotistic joy, but our happiness belongs to millions,our deeds live on quitely but eternally effective, and glowing tears of noble menwill fall on our ashes".(ed. L. Easton and K. Guddat, p.39 - New York, 1967)This is the challenge to all Zimbabweans - the sacrificial giving of ourselves tothe land so dear to us. We will press on carving out a glorious future for thepresent generation and for posterity. Long live our hard won independence! Longlive our national unity! Long live our joy of the birthday of our independence andmany more happy returns!

j Voli16 No 5 Mta /JuIne 1 5MAY DAY -LABOUR DAYPM On Pay IncreaseThe following is the full text of a speech by the Prime Minister, Cde.RobertMugabe, to mark Labour Day at Rufaro Stadium:I wish to join the ZCTU and its sister unions in welcoming you to this event to(commemorate May Day 1985. 1 am most I I Ipleased to be with you on this historic day. IMy Party, ZANU (PF) which has I I..rights of the worker since its inception, ,stoutly fought to promote and defend theis here in full force to observe this great day. I say the Party is here in full forcebecause you are here and because ZANU(PF) and the people are one! Thus May ', Day is our day together.On this day we honour the worker; we reflect on the role of the workerin theeconomic life of our country and we turn our attention to the workers' continuingstruggles for justice and a better life both here in our country and inthe worldgenerally.What I have said regarding my Party's high regard for the workerand the workers'struggles is a matter of record. I have on previous occasions laid great emphasison our view that the worker is the key to the entire production process as withouthim no production could take place, including the production of meansofproduction themselves.I have previously stressed the important point that human labour is thecreator ofwealth: for far from being something that occurs freely in nature, wealth, in formof usable and useful commodities, is created when human labour is rationallyapplied towards that transformation of nature that yields such commodities.Precisely because he occupies such a vital and essential position in the processwhereby we create the means of life, the worker must, in turn, be provided withthe means to sustain his own life at a comfortable and adequate level of security

consistent with a system in which the exploitation of man by man has been 1eleminate. The system, in our view, is the socialist system for it aimsat assuringthe material, spiritual and cultural advancement of the worker and the removal ofall impediments to his attainment, collectively, of a more abundant and humaneThe 1st Secretary and persident of ZANU (PF) assured workers social order.Party's presistance to the advancement of the status of workenrlJr(VOI.1R Nn Mavl.hmA lgR5

AT......wc lVy'w. Vol.16 No. 5Mav/June 198531uuant to the above, my Party and ernment have, since independence !n a varietyof measures aimed at adzing the status and material ciristances of the worker inZimbabwe. 980 we passed minimum wage legislaiand proceeded each yearthereafter, aise the level of the minimum directr by way of wage awards tocompenfor subsidy reductions on basic conner goods or for the general rise in thet of living. We passed legislation to ke it more difficult for employers to ordismiss workers and thus put an to labour relations practises in this awhich wereoften arbitrary and ricious.Ve have also established, or encourag:he establishment of, institutions that oldoperate in such a way that as they ,mpion the cause of the worker theyassist in thegeneral development of r people and country. ;oncerning the growth ofinstitutions ich represent workers' interests, my vernment has encouraged theformaof workers' committees at the work ce. As channels of communication aterprise level, workers' committees ,e done a sterling job in building up ;t andconfidence between manageit and workers. We have also enraged thestrengthening of the labour vement and the development of a ted national centreof trade unions Ier the auspices of the Zimbabwe Conis of Trade Unions (ZCTU).Furtherre, we have advocated the formation one trade union in one industry or ler-taking becuase the multiplicity of mns results in the fragmentation of the ur-movement.. me add here that the central objecof the labour movement should be to tect theinterests of workers and protheir full participation in national lsent.It is, therefore,essential Iwrers and their unions forge aftefnt, for in unity lies their n I is unfortunate that the Zimme Congress of TradeUnionsas been driven by contradicgfrom maladministration and7pionin recent years. The congress !tto the workers and the nationto dtr house inorder and set down to business as a democratic instituf the working class. binlly,in regard to legislation, you are tware that Government has piloted in liament anew Labour Relations Bill-h will replace the Industrial ConciliaAct. The bill, on becoming law, will thelegal instrument with which ,enment will change the nature of our istrial relations

by advancing and prong the interests of workers in line with socialist objectives. Itrecognizes the cal importance of the worker as the Jucer of wealth and accordshim ter protection than before. This has ndone by specifying the fundamen-Production levels have been increased; our export market has expanded, and wewitnessed a gradual growth in employmenttal rights of workers and laying the minimum conditions of employment.To discriminate against workers on the basis of race, colour, sex, tribe, creed orpolitical opinion will be a violation of a worker's fundamental rights and apunishable offence under the new bill.Maternity leave will be paid up to 75 per cent of the normal pay which our femaleworkers are entitled to. Female workers will be allowed time to breastfeed theirbabies during working hours. These measures show our recognition of thetremendous contributions which all our workers, including femaleworkers, maketo our society.It is also our hope that the provisions of the bill regarding trade unions will lead toa stronger and more viable labour movement. Access by trade unionsto work-places have been guaranteed where such access is to advise workers on theirrights and where it does not disrupt the efficient running of the enterprise. Thecheck-off system for trade unions will also make them more viable financially.These are only few of the highlights of the Labour Relations Bill, and it isimperative that the worker, through his representative organs, should takeadvantage of the progressive measures and responsibilities which the new lawwill bestow upon him. Despite ill-informed and tendentious criticism ofthe Billby some, including certain foreign self-styled revolutionaries, we have no doubtthat workers will benefit from it. The contents of the bill will be simplified toenable the workers to understand it better.Let me now commend the workers for the tremendous sacrifices which they madeduring the past three years of drought and economic recession. Many of yousuffered from retrenchments, closure of enterprises and short-time working. Fromstatistics for the mining, agricultural and clothing industries, 1984saw 4 388employees retrenched; 23 393 workers who were placed on short-time workingand 3 531 employees who wereplaced on rotational unpaid leave. For those who were left in employment the gapbetween wages and prices was ever widening with prices rising fasterthan wages.In spite of all this, you heeded the call by Government to work hard and keepproductivity up. The products on exhibit here at Rufaro today are testimony ofwhat you are capable of producing with your own hands. Indeed, inrecent years,we have witnessed an increased local content in manufactured goods and this hasled to significant savings in foreign exchange. This is the spirit ofinnovation inworkers and management which we find highly commendable.I am glad and indeed proud that the seed of sacrifice which you planted during thepast three years of hardship is beginning to bear fruit. We have been experiencingan economic upturn since the last quarter of last year.Production levels have been increasing; our export markets haveexpanded, andwe have witnessed a gradual growth in employment. Some industriesarebeginning to re-hire labour and my Government is optimistic that therewill be a

sustained upturn in the national economy in 1985. On top of this, we havehadvery good rains this season and we are looking forward to a bumper harvest.These positive signs on the economic scene should not, however, lull us intocomplacency. Our difficulties are by no means over. We have to nurse back togood health ailing enterprises especially in the industrial sector. We have to findexpanded markets for our goods. We have to increase productivityall across theboard so that we can generate the resources not only for immediate consumptionbut also, and more importantly, for capital investment. Investment guaranteesfuture consumption for our growing population. Without investmentwe aredoomed to stagnate and even regress.J

Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 ZillA national reward for hard work The "Worker of the Year Award" presented toComrade Phineas Makovere at Rufaro Stadium on International Labour DayMy Governemnt is determined in the medium term to lay a firm foundation forthe transformation of our socio-economic base by way of increasedactivity in theproductive spheres of state and cooperative enterprises and joint ventures. Theprivate sector will also be expected to co-operate actively with Government and tomake its contribution in expanding productive capacity and increasingproductivity in its area of operations.We must exert these efforts not only because they yield direct benefits to us nowand in the future, but also because we live in a world and a region in which thereare those who would take comfort out of any failure on our part. There are thosewho wish us ill and, in some cases, even seek to sabotage and derail our efforts. Ineed not here elaborate on the hostile activities of the apartheid regime of SouthAfrica who are well known toyou. The hostility of the regime in significant part derives from itsfear that ourvictory in liberating ourselves from colonial oppression and in uplifting themasses in our country will be taken as a positive object lesson by the oppressedmasses of South Africa. This in fact is true, as the current upsurge of struggles bythe masses in that country indicates. We unashamedly wish those struggles everysuccess until final victory. Their victory will be our victory both froma moralpoint of view and having regard to the elimination of the hostile acts of theapartheid state that I have mentioned above.So, all of us have a job to do. We must do it with determination and we mustdo itwell. Laziness, drunkenness, absenteeism and other detestablepractices on thepart of workers are anathema to us. None but ourselves will develop Zimbabwe.In as much as yesterday we were our own liberators from colonialism, to-day we are our own emanci the shackles of underdevelolm4We as a Government, howe ly cognisant of the fact that work be adequatelycompensated for tribution in the economic life of o try. We realise that the cost oft gone up since the last general wag We fully realise that inflation Isiderablyreduced the purchasin of the dollar in your pay packet. of this, Government has,afterc tions with the relevant parties union movement, employers' o tions and

other interested parties . ed to award a wage increase to fect from JulyI this year.The d the award are being finalised and be advised in due course.Our pending actions on wa salaries, to repeat, do not mean is well and that wemust rest laurels and be complacent. On I trary, we must work evenht achievegreater success and higi ductivity. Our economy is just b to pick up but ourforeign exchai straints are likely to remain wit some time. The workers ndedicated in their tasks to ensure economic recovery we are expe now will besustained. Above must be disciplined.Let me again stress the cru which the labour movement will play as we layfoundations for a Zimbabwe. It will be its major ta! part to workersthe right idtorientation necessary forth attait our socialist goals. You must e research in fieldsrelating to lab develop a full understanding of ment policies, trends intechrdevelopments, occupational sa health, innovative production ductivitymechanisms and so oiOn through such in-depth rese training can we forward with co to the emergenceof a strong, cre productive work-force. The GoN institutions of research aredisposal to utilise. It would make and indeed be counterproductivqan ignorantworkforce take charl of our enterprises or major pr facilities. Only a properlyideologically conscious and res work force will be able effectivelits own future inits own hand!Finally, I would like to hatani for your hard work which ensL 1984 ended as agood year and 1S well. I would hope that spirit wi with you throughoutthis yearyears to come once again, I s: unite and work hard for a strong sperousZimbabwe.Forward with the Year ofNational Consolidation!Forward with workers' un Forward with the socialist32

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Steel window, door and cupboard frames,sliding aluminium window anddoor frames, roller shutter doors, lock-up steel doors, louvred window frames,burglar bars, fly screens, and garden sheds.The open and10shut people