zf;sLo va/-kq (Governance Bulletin)

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] rf}dfl;s k|sfzg-@)&), cfiff9, cª\s-@! (Ministry Of General Administration: Four Monthly Publication 2013, July, Vol-21)

;Dkfbs d08n

;lrj, >L b'uf{lglw zdf{ – ;Nnfxsf/

;x–;lrj, >L d's'Gb/fh kGyL – ;+of]hs

pk–;lrj, >L of]u]Gb|k|;fb kf08]o – ;b:o

zfvf clws[t, >L df]xg/fh hf]zL – ;b:o

zfvf clws[t, >L cg'go afF:tf]nf – ;b:o–;lrj

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}

;DkfbsLo

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno / g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljleGg dGqfno Pj+ lgsfox?jf6 zf;sLo ;'wf/sf nflu ;~rfng ul/Psf ljleGg k|of;x?nfO{ ;j{;fwf/0f Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;dIf ;fj{hlgs ug{] / zf;sLo ;'wf/sf nflu /rgfTds k[i7kf]if0f lng] p2]Zon]] zf;sLo va/kq (Governance Bulletin) k|sfzg ug]{ ul/Psf] xf] . o;} qmddf of] PSsfO;f}+ cÍ k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

zf;sLo va/kqsf] o; cÍdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 o; cjlwdf ;~rfng ePsf ljljw lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ ;d]l6Psf] 5 . zf;sLo ;'wf/sf ljleGg cfofdx?sf ;Gb{edf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 o; cjlwdf eP u/]sf ultljlwx? dWo] ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] rfn" cf=a= sf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s ;dLIff sfo{qmdsf] ljifoj:t', ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrjHo"sf] rLg e|d0f, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw ;DaGwL k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd ljleGg lhNnfdf ;+rfng ul/Psf zf;sLo ;'wf/ gLlt sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg, u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg, ;]jfu|fxL ;Gt'i6L ;j]{If0f, lhNnfl:yt a9'jf ;ldltsf] cjnf]sg, sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof°g ;DaGwL cGtlq{mof h:tf ljifoj:t'x? ;d]l6Psf 5g\ . cGTodf zf;sLo vj/kqsf cfufdL c+sdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljleGg lgsfx?af6 ;+rfng ePsf zf;sLo ;'wf/, ;]jfk|jfxdf ;'wf/, sfo{ljlw / sfo{k|lqmofdf ;'wf/ nufotsf cGo dxTjk"0f{ ultljwLx?sf jf/]df o; dGqfnonfO{ ;dod} hfgsf/L u/fO{ cfjZos ;xof]u u/Llbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . of] cÍ tof/ ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;a} dxfzfvf, zfvf / cGo ;Dj4 lgsfo Pj+ kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;d]t ;fb/ wGojfb lbg rfxfG5f+} . cfiff9, @)&) ;Dkfbs d08n l;+xb/af/, sf7df08f} .

ljifo–;"rL

zLif{s k]h g+=

1. ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] cf=a= @)^(÷)&) sf] bf]>f]

rf}dfl;s k|ult ;dLIff

2. u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg ;DaGWfL uf]i7L ;DkGg

3. sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg eQf k|0ffnL

4. kfFry/, O{nfd / nDh'ª lhNnfdf zf;sLo ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg

5. lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;Gtlt 5fqj[lQ sfo{qmd

6. sd{rf/L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgsf] k|ult

7. ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno, ;+u7g ljsf; zfvfaf6 ;Dkflbt sfo{x?

8. bfË lhNnfdf a9'jf ;ldlt ;lrjfno ;dGjo÷cg'udg

;DaGwL 5nkmn sfo{qmd

9. ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrjHo"sf] rLg e|d0f

10. ;"rgf k|ljlw ;DaGwL k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd a}+ss

11. ;·7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f ;DaGwL cWoog e|d0f

12. lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;Gtlt 5fqj[lQ lgb]{lzsfdf ul/Psf] t]>f] ;+zf]wg

13. lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] t];|f] ;+zf]wg cWofb]z

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] cf=a= @)^(÷)&) sf] bf]>f] rf}dfl;s k|ult ;dLIff

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] cf=a= @)^(÷)&) sf] bf]>f] rf}dfl;s k|ult ;dLIff sfo{qmd tyf dGqfno:t/Lo ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldltsf] j}7s oxL @)&) h]i7 % ut] dGqfnosf] ;efsIfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj dGqfnosf ;lrj >L b'uf{lglw zdf{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;dLIff sfo{qmddf dGqfno tyf dftxtsf lgsfox?sf] ljQLo, ef}lts ;fy} gLltut k|ult tyf sfo{;Dkfbgsf qmddf /x]sf ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf pkfox?sf] af/]df ljj]rgf ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng dGqfnosf pk;lrj >L dx]z cfrfo{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfn k|zf;lgs k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs >L k'0ok|;fb Gof}kfg]n] k|lti7fgsf] bf]>f] rf}dfl;ssf] k|ult ljj/0f k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|lti7fgaf6 bf]>f] rf}dfl;sdf lgoldt tflndtkm{ nfdf] tyf 5f]6f] cjlwsf u/L @& a6f tflnd ;~rfng u/L ^$@ hgfnfO{ tflnd lbO{Psf], ;Mz'Ns tflndtkm{ $ j6f tflnd sfo{qmddf *# hgfnfO{ tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] ;fy} cfGtl/s Ifdtf ljsf;sf ljleGGf sfo{qmdx? klg ;~rfng ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . k|lti7fgsf sd{rf/Ldf Joj;flostfsf] cefjsf ;fy} jfXo sf/stTjx?n] sfo{;~rfngdf c;/ kf/]sf] jtfpFb} ^ dlxgf cjlwsf] cfj;Lo k|zf;lgs tflnd ;~rfng ug{' d'Vo r'gf}tL /x]sf] ljrf/ k|:t't ug'{eof] . sd{rf/L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs >L jfnrGb| ld>n] bf]>f]] rf}dfl;s cjlwdf k|lti7fgaf6 ;DkGGf ePsf tflnd sfo{qmdx?sf] k|ult k|:t't ub}{ ljutsf # jif{eGbf k"j{sf] cjlwsf] k|ultsf] t'ngfdf k|lti7fgn] !@ u'0ff a9L k|ult ug{ ;s]sf]df tYo;d]t k]z ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L cf=a= @)^^÷)^& b]lv xfn;Dd k|lti7fgsf] j]?h' z"Go /x]sf] klg pNn]v ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

lghfdtL sd{rf/L c:ktfnsf 8f= >L ljdn yfkfn] c:ktfnsf] k|ult ljj/0f k|:t't ub}{ c:ktfnn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . c:ktfndf cfFvf, gfs–sfg–3fF6L/f]u, lkmlhof]y]/fkL, dfgl;s /f]usf] pkrf/ ;fy} vf]k ;]jf / kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;]jftkm{ lgoldt cf]=lk=8L= ;~rfngdf /x]sf]df Go""/f]nf]hL, sfl8{of]nf]hL, cGsf]nf]hL, x]kf6f]nf]hL nufotsf cGo ;]jfx? ykul/Psf] hfgsf/L klg u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . rf}dfl;s cjlwdf cf]=lk=8L=af6 ;]jf lbO{Psf %%!^( hgf lj/fdL dWo] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cg'kft #)=#^ k|ltzt /x]sf] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L lghfdtL lstfavfgfsf] k|ult ljj/0f k|:t't ub}{ lstfavfgfsf lg= dxflgb]{zs >L anb]j hf]zLn] lstfavfgfsf] xfn;Ddsf] k|ult, ;'wf/sf nflu ul/Psf yk sfo{x?, lgs6 eljiosf nflu k|:tfljt sfo{x?sf] ljj/0f k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof].

pQm sfo{qmddf zx/L ljsf; dGqfno, cfjf; dxfzfvfsf pkdxflgb]{zs >L zDe' s]=;L=n] sd{rf/L cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f of]hgf cGtu{t xfn bfr'{nf / dxf]Q/L lhNnfdf e}/x]sf] cfjf;–ejg lgdf{0f sfo{sf] xfn;Ddsf] k|ult ;fy} cfufdL cf=a=sf] nfut cg'dfg ;d]t k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . bfr'{nf lhNnfdf ejg lgdf{0fsfo{df $% k|ltzt k|ult ePsf], Ans–P sf] l8=lk=l;= ;DkGg ePsf], Ans–aLsf] t];|f] tNnfsf] 9nfg ug]{

tof/L e};s]sf], / Ans–aL ! sf] t];|f] tNnfsf] 9nfg ;d]t ;DkGg e};s]sf] hfgsf/L lbFb} cGo lhNnfdf cfjf; ejg lgdf{0f of]hgfsf] xfn ;Ddsf] cj:yf k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ ;lrj >L b'uf{lglw zdf{n] ;'wf/sf sfo{x?sf] ;fGble{stf /xg] u/L ;dod} yfngL ug{ cGtu{tsf ;a} lgsfox?nfO{ ;hu u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . lghfdtL lstfavfgfnfO{ sd{rf/L ;?jfsf] ;km\6j]o/ agfpg]tkm{ kxnug{ k|]l/t ub}{ ;lrjHo"n] h]i7 @% eGbf cl3 g} cfkm\gf sfo{qmdx? ;dkGg ug{ lgb]{zg ;d]t ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sd{rf/L cfjf; sfo{qmd ;a} lhNnfdf k|f/De ul/g] / ;f]sf] nflu cfufdL jif{ cg'dflgt ?= !! s/f]8 cfjZoskg]{ ePsf]n] jh]6 ljlgof]hgsf nflu cy{ dGqfnonfO{ cg'/f]w ug]{ cfZjf;g klg lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;Af}sf] nflu tflnd sfo{qmd cGtu{t s'g s'g tflnd s] slt sd{rf/LnfO{ s;/L lbg ;lsG5 eGg] ;DaGwdf ;fy} gjk|j]zL zfvf clws[tx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] # dlxg] cfwf/e"t k|zf;lgs tflndnfO{ cfjf;Lo ^ dlxg] agfpg] ;DaGwdf ug'{kg]{ sfo{x?sf] ljj/0f cg'dflgt nfut ;lxt oyfzL3| k]z ug{ g]kfn k|zf;lgs k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg'ePsf] lyof] . dGqfnosf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ cg'udg sfo{df ;lqmotf a9fpg ;d]t lgb]{zg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . bf]>f] rf}dfl;ssf] ljQLo k|ult ljj/0f

cf=a= @)^(.)&) df ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] nflu ?= !%,%$,$$,))).– ljlgof]lht ePsf]df bf]>f] rf}dfl;s;Dddf ?= !),(@,(),#^!.– vr{eO{ ljQLo k|ult &)=#Ü / ef}lts k|ult *%=**Ü /x]sf] 5. dGqfno cGtu{tsf lgsfox? dWo] lghfdtL lstfavfgfsf] jflif{s ah]6 ?= #,%$,@%,!)).– /x]sf]df bf]>f] rf}dfl;s;DDfsf] ljQLo k|ult (#Ü / ef}lts k|ult *@ Ü /x]sf] 5 . sd{rf/L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg tkm{ bf]>f] rf}dfl;ssf] nflu /sd ?= !,#$,)*,))).– ljlgof]lht ul/Psf]df ?= (&,!%,(#*.– vr{ eO{ ef}lts k|ult *!=#*Ü / ljQLo k|ult &@=$^Ü k|fKtePsf] 5 . o;}u/L lghfdtL sd{rf/L c:ktfnsf] rf}dfl;s vr{ ?= ^,(*,&@,#)).– /x]sf]df ljQLo k|ult *)=^Ü /x]sf] 5 .

bf]>f] rf}dfl;ssf] ef}lts k|ult ljj/0f

• Zff;sLo va/kqsf] @) cf}+ c° k|sfzg .

• k|zf;g klqsfsf] !@# cf}+ c° k|sfzg .

• ljleGg !& j6f lgsfox?sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf tyf b/aGbL :jLs[t ePsf] .

• s]Gb|Lo :f+u7g ;+/rgf tof/ ul/Psf] .

• dGqfnosf] sfo{ljj/0f tof/ ePsf] .

• sd{rf/L kl/rokq ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw th'{df / dGqfnodf gofF kl/rokq nfu" ePsf] .

• 5fqj[lQ ;ldltsf] % j6f a}7såf/f ljleGg lgsfoaf6 k|fKt ePsf && j6f j}b]lzs 5fqj[lQx? ljt/0f ul/Psf] .

• ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg -O&M_ ;j]{If0f sfo{ljlw kl/dfh{g sfo{zfnf ;DkGg .

• cf=j= )^*÷^(df ;~rflnt jflif{s sfo{qmdx?sf] k|ult k|ltj]bg tof/ .

• ;a}sf]nflu tflndsf] -Training for All) nflu tflnd s]Gb|x?sf] Ifdtf cf+sng sfo{ ug{ z'? ul/Psf] / BAT nfO{ ^ dlxg] agfpg] ljifodf k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePsf] .

• lhNnf:t/df s}nfnL df]/Ë, ?kGb]xL, l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf] Joj:yfkg k/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg

• s]Gb|Lo:t/df ko{6g, s[lif, o'jf tyf v]ns'b / oftfoft Joj:yf ljefusf] Joj:yfkg k/LIf0f ;DkGg .

bf]>f] rf}dfl;ssf] gLltut k|ult ljj/0f • tflnd gLltsf] d:of}bf clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] .

• ;a}sf] nflu tflnd -TFA)sf] cjwf/0ff tof/ ePsf] .

• o; cl3 k|sflzt lgb]{lzsf tyf sfo{ljlwx?nfO{ PsLs[t ug]{ sfo{ z'? ePsf] .

• PsLs[t kl/jxg of]hgfsf nflu a; v/Lb k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] .

• ljleGg lhNNffdf Zff;sLo ;'wf/ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ul/Psf] .

• j}b]lzs tflndsf] cfjZostf ljZn]if0f -Need Assessment_ tof/ ug{ z'? ul/Psf] .

• j}b]lzs tflndsf] 5fqj[lTf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ePsf] 5÷5}g cg'udg ug{ ljj/0f tof/ ul/Psf] .

• yk cfly{s ;xfotf ;DaGwL 6j]o/ tof/ eO{ sfd eO{/x]sf] .

• lghfdtL ;]jf ;DaGwL P]g, sfg"g, lgod tyf kl/kq ;+u|x k|sfzgsf] tof/L .

• k|zf;g ;'wf/ ;ldltsf] k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfox?df k7fOPsf] .

• b'u{d If]qdf hgzlQm Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL /0fgLlt lgdf{0f ePsf] .

• lghfdtL sd{rf/L b'3{6gf tyf pkrf/ jLdf Joj:yf nfu" ug]{ sfo{ cl3 a9fOPsf] .

• b'u{d If]qsf ( lhNnfdf sd{rf/L cfjf;sf] nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf] .

• P=l8=la=sf] ;xfotfdf cfO{=l;=6L= l8e]nkd]G6 k|f]h]S6dfkm{t\ tflnd s]Gb|sf] ;'wf/sf] sfo{ z'? ePsf] .

• lghfdtL ;]jfdf ;'wf/, Ifdtf ljsf;, ;+3Lotfdf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] :j?k ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ PREPARE (UNDP) ;Fu ;Demf}tf e} sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf /x]sf]

u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg ;DaGWfL uf]i7L ;DkGg

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] rfn" cf=a= )^(.)&)sf] :jLs[t aflif{s sfo{qmd cGtu{t u'gf;f] / ;f]sf] Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ;fy} sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg ;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f uf]i7L oxL @)&).)#.)@ ut] l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd rf}tf/fdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L sfof{nosf sfof{no k|d'vx? tyf sd{rf/L k|zf;g x]g]{ zfvf÷kmfF6sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] pkl:yltdf ePsf] pQm sfo{qmd k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L >L l8NnL/fh kf]v/]nsf] cWoIftf Pj+ :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L >L jn/fd 9sfnHo"sf] cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf u'gf;f]sf] kl/efiff, o;sf pTklQsf sf/0fx?, u'gf;fsf If]qx?, u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL df}h'bf Joj:yf÷;+oGqx?, u'gf;f] ;'g'jfO{sf] sfo{ljlwdf b]lvPsf Jojxfl/s ;d:ofx?, u'gf;f] Joj:yfkgsf pkfox? nufotsf ljifox? ;d]l6Psf] sfo{kq ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf pk;lrj >L tf]ogf/fo0f ;'j]bLn] k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

pQm sfo{kq dfly 5nkmn ubf{ ;xefuLx?n] 6«]8 o"lgogx?sf] Joj:yf, u'gf;f] ;'g'jfO{ ;ldltx?sf] Joj:yf / lqmofzLntf, u'gf;f] Joj:yfkgsf] cEof;, lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] ;fljssf] bkmf@$-3_!sf] a9'jf ;dfof]hgsf] Joj:yf cflb ljifodf ljleGg lh1f;f tyf k|Zgx? /fVg' ePsf]df sfo{kq k|:t'tstf{ tf]ogf/fo0f ;'j]bLn] hjfkm lbg'ePsf] lyof] ;fy} ;xefuLx?af6 p7fO{Psf gLltut ;'emfjx?nfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf k]z ul/g] k|ltj4tf JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍg ;DaGwL sfo{kq ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf pk;lrj >L lzj/fd Gof}kfg]n] k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf zfvf clws[t >L lnnfw/ cj:yLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg eQf k|0ffnL

s'g} klg ;+u7gdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Ln] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] sfdsf] d"Nofª\sgsf] cfwf/df lghnfO{ tf]lsPsf] lglZrt kfl/>ldssf cnfjf k|f]T;fxg:j?k yk/sd pknAw u/fpg] k4ltnfO{ sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg k|0ffnL elgG5 . o; k|0ffnLdf ;DkGg ul/Psf sfdaf6 k|fKt pknlAwsf cfwf/df kfl/tf]lifs -O{G;]lG6e_ k|fKt x'g] x'Fbf sd{rf/Lx? cfkm\gf] sfdk|lt nugzLn / pTk|]l/t x'g], ldtJooLtf / sfo{k|efjsfl/tfdf j[l4 x'g], ;fj{hlgs ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ cfpg], ;+u7gfTds sfo{k|lqmof / sfo{;+:sf/df ;'wf/ cfpg'sf ;fy} sd{rf/Lx? ;]jfu|fxLk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g] ;+:sf/sf] ljsf; ePsf] x'G5 .

vf; u/L of] k|0ffnL gofF / l;h{gfTds sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ nfu" ul/g] ePtfklg lgoldt sfo{ ;dod} / lglZrt dfkb08 adf]lhd ;Dkfbg ug{ sd{rf/LnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ nfu" ul/G5 . w]/} h;f] d'n'sdf Joj:yfks txdf nfu" ul/Psf] ePklg of] k|0ffnL ;a} txsf sd{rf/Ldf pkof]u ug{ ;lsG5. cWoog÷cg';Gwfgaf6 o; k|0ffnLn] pRr Joj:yfkg txdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/LnfO{ sfdk|lt a9L pT;flxt agfPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg k|0ffNfL b]xfoadf]lhdsf sfof{nox?df nfu" e};s]sf] 5 .

1. cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefu cGtu{tsf sfof{nox? 2. k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no 3. d=n]=k= sf] ljefu 4. lghfdtL lstfavfgf 5. lgj[lQe/0f Joj:yfkg sfof{no 6. sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no 7. /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no 8. /fli6«o ;tstf{ s]Gb|

xfn ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf nfu" ug{ sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg k|0ffNfLssf] cWoog sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 .

kfFry/, O{nfd / nDh'ª lhNnfdf zf;sLo ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg

zf;sLo ;'wf/sf If]qdf sfo{;Dkfbgsf ;d:ofx? lgbfg ug{, k[i7kf]if0f k|bfg ug{, ;d:ofsf sf/0fx?sf] lg/fsf/0f u/L ;]jfk|jfxsf] u'0f:t/ sfod /fVg cg'udgsfo{sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] x'G5 . zf;sLo ;'wf/ ;DaGwL ljleGg gLlt sfo{of]hgfx?n] lgb]{lzt u/] cg';f/sf] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf] l:ylt / o;sf] k|efjsfl/tfsf] ;DaGwdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 lhNNffl:yt sfof{nox?df lgoldt ?kdf cg'udg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . o;} qmddf rfn' cfly{s jif{df k|zf;g ;'wf/ zfvfaf6 ul/Psf ljleGg cg'udg e|d0fdf vl6Psf sd{rf/Lx?sf]] g]t[Tj ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno, k|zf;g ;'wf/ zfvfsf pk;lrj >L of]u]Gb|k|;fb kf08]on] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|yd rf}dfl;sdf kfNkf lhNnf, bf]>f] rf}dfl;sdf l;Gw'nL / aemf· lhNnfdf cg'udg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] t]>f] rf}dfl;sdf kfFry/, O{nfd / ndh'· lhNnfdf :ynut cg'udg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cg'udgsf qmddf sfo{If]qsf] :ynut cjnf]sg, sd{rf/L;Fu k|ToIf cGtlqm{of / k|ZgfjnLsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] . t]>f] rf}dfl;sdf ;DkGg cg'udg sfo{qmd dWo] kfFRfy/ tyf O{nfd lhNnfsf] cg'udg sfo{qmdsf] ;f/;+If]k tn k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

ndh'ª lhNnfdf ;DkGg cg'udg sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f

ndh'ª lhNnfdf ;+rfng ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf zf;sLo ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf cltl/Qm ;]jfu|fxL ;Gt'i6L ;j]{If0f, u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd / clek|]/0ff ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf lyP . ;f] cGtlq{mof sfo{qmd cGtu{t ndh'ª lhNnfsf ;/sf/L sfof{nox?sf sfof{no k|d'vx?, k|ltlglwx? / cGo sd{rf/Lx?sf] pkl:yltdf Ps cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . ndh'ª lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd j]zL;x/df cjl:yt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] ;efsIfdf ndh'ª lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L >L afa'/fd e08f/Lsf] ;efkltTjdf ;~rfng ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] k|zf;g ;'wf/ zfvfsf tk{maf6 af]Nb} pk–;lrj >L of]u]Gb|k|;fb kf08]on] zf;sLo ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg lg/LIf0f sfo{qmdsf] cf}lrTo, dxTj tyf To;sf] ljlwsf] af/]df k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof]] . o;} u/L pk;lrj tf]ogf/fo0f ;'jbLn] u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg sfo{qmdsf jf/]df / zfvf clws[t gf/fo0f 1jfnLn] ;]jfu|fxL ;Gt'i6L sfo{qmd, o;sf] dxTj, e"ldsf tyf ;+rfng k4tLsf jf/]df k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] k|f/Dedf ;x;lrj >L u/fufO{n] ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno af6 ndh'ª lhNnfdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf dfly pNn]lvt ;j} sfo{qmdx?sf] ljifodf k|i6 kfg'{ePsf] lyof] .

kfFry/ lhNnfdf ;DkGg cGtlqm{of sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f

kfFry/ lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd lkmlbddf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;efsIfdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L >L sf]zxl/ lg/f}nfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;~rfng ePsf] cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf aL;j6f sfof{nosf k|d'vx?÷k|ltlglwx? / cGo sd{rf/Lx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . pkl:ylt sd{rf/Lx?n] lghfdtL ;]jfdf x'g'kg]{ ;'wf/ nufot ljleGg ljifox?df ;'emfjx? lbFb} cfkm\gf JolQmut u'gf;fx? klg /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L >L sf]zxl/ lg/f}nfn]] b'u{d:yfgdf j;]/ ;]jfk|jfxdf ;+nUg ePsf sd{rf/Lx?n] p7fPsf u'gf;fx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{tkm{ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofpg' kg]]{df hf]8 lbg'ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L sd{rf/L ju{ cfkm\gf] ;d:of cfkm}+ ;'N´fpg ;Ifd /x]sf] / ;fdfGo gful/ssf] t'ngfdf /fxtk|fKt ju{ ;d]t ePsf]n] ;]jfk|jfxdf O{dfGbf/ /xg sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lgb]{zg klg lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{nosf k|ltlglwn] gjk|j]zL /f=k=cglÍt sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ klg tflndlbg] Joj:yf ug{ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnonfO{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . o;sf ;fy} s}bLx?nfO{ lbg'kg]{ l;bfsf] /sd / s}bL :yfgfGt/0f ug{ cfjZos kg]{ /sd kof{Kt geP/ sfof{nosf] sfddf ;d:of k/]sf] atfpg'eof] . lhNnf s[lif sfof{nodf klg lgoldt sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ ah]6sf] ;d:of /x]sf] kfO{of] . lhNnf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;jl8lehg sfof{nodf ;]jflgj[Qx'g nfu]sf sd{rf/Lsf] afx'Notf eO{ lkmN8df v6\g;Sg] sd{rf/Lsf] cefj /x]sf], ;fy} e"sDkn] ubf{ sfof{no ejg Ifltu|:t /x]sfn] ;d:of ePsf] kfO{of] . dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{nodf b/aGbL cg';f/ sd{rf/L gx'Fbf sfof{no ;~rfngdf sl7gfO{ /x]sf], lkmN8df hfg]

sd{rf/Lsf] cefjn] sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf afwf ePsf], b}lgs e|d0f vr{ Go"g /x]sfn]] sfo{qmd ;~rfng / ;xeflutfdf sdL /x]sf], ;fy} sd{rf/Lsf] ;?jfn] ubf{ ;d]t sfo{qmddf ;d:of /x]sf] kfO{Psf] lyof] . lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{no, lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt -uflj; ;lrjsf] $! b/aGbLdf !# l/Qm_, lhNnf x'nfs sfof{nodf -!@^ b/aGbLdf #( l/Qm_ ;d]t b/aGbL cg';f/ sd{rf/L kbk"lt{ gePsf]n] sfof{nosf] sfddf ;d:of /x]sf] kfO{Psf] lyof] . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf hgzlQmsf] cefj, ah]6sf] sdL, ef}lts ;+/rgf ;'wf/sf] vfFrf], oftfoftsf ;fwgdf sdL, nlhli6s ;kf]{6sf] sdL h:tf ;d:ofx? /x]sf] kfO{Psf] lyof] .

O{nfd lhNnfdf ;DkGg cGtlqm{of sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f O{nfd lhNnfsf] lkmSsndf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] j}7ssIfdf ;~rfng ePsf] cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L >L afa'/fd vltj8fn]] sd{rf/Lx?sf] /fhg}lts bn;Fusf] ;fdLKotf x6\g'kg]{, 6«]8o"lgog /fhg}lts kf6L{x?sf] bfbflu/L ug]{ d~rsf] ?kdf kl/jt{g ePsf]n] o;sf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{, lgod–sfg"gsf] sfof{Gjog s]Gb|af6} yfngL ug{'kg]{df ljz]if hf]8 lbg'ePsf] lyof] . tnaj[l4 ;dofg's"n x'g'kg]{, lzIff–:jf:Yo–cfjf;sf ;'ljwfdf ;/sf/sf] Wofg lbg'kg]{, sd{rf/LnfO{ k|f]T;fxg eQf lbFbf ju{ljefhg u/]/ lbg' pko'Qm x'g], bf]xf]/f] k|f]T;fxg eQf lbg'gx'g], lghfdtL ;]jf k'/:sf/ k|bfg ug]{ k|s[ofdf ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ h:tf ;'emfjx? k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|lhcsf] sfo{af]em a9L /x]sf], zf;sLo ;'wf/sf] tTsfnLg sfo{of]hgf cg';f/sf] sfd ug{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg eg] gePsf] u'gf;f] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/Ln] lghfdtL ;]jf clws[td'vL x'g'kg]{, sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg k|0ffnLnfO{ :yfgLo lgsfodf klg nfu" ul/g'kg]{, ;a} sfof{nox?n] k|ult k|ltj]bg cgnfO{g k]z ug]{ Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ h:tf ;'´fjx? k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sd{rf/Lx? k|ljlwd'vL g/x]sf], Ifdtf / ;+:sf/df ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos /x]sf], ejg;'ljwf ckof{Kt /x]sf], sfof{nok|ltsf] ;]jfu|fxLsf] b[li6sf]0f ;sf/fTds g/x]sf] h:tf ;d:of klg pNn]v ug'{eof] . lhNnf x'nfs sfof{nosf k|d'vn] x'nfssf b/aGbLx? k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g'kg]{ cfjZostf cf}+NofpFb} k|f]T;fxg eQfdf lje]b ug{gx'g], 3/ljbfsf] !*) lbgsf] xb x6fpg'kg]{ ljrf/ k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

gu/kflnsfsf k|ltlglwn] tnadf eGbf cGo ;'ljwfdf j[l4ug{ ;'emfj lbFb} clws[t tx;DdnfO{ lghL gDa/Kn]6sf] afxg;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ pko'Qm x'g] wf/0ff /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf kz'sfof{no, dlxnf ljsf; sfof{no, lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nosf k|ltlglwn] b}lgs e|d0f vr{, xf]6]naf; vr{ ck'u ePsf] atfpFb} u|fdL0f If]qdf ljn k|fKt ug{ /x]sf sl7gfO{x? k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf k|d'v j=s[=lj= clws[tn] 5fqj[lQsf] hfgsf/L lhNnfdf gk'Ug], j}b]lzs tflndsf] cj;/ gkfO{g] / PIS nuO{g ug{ gldNg] h:tf ;d:of /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|d'vn] :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f ubf{ ljlzi6Ls[t ug'{ pko'Qm x'g], ;a} :jf:Yo sfof{nosf b/aGbLnfO{ Pp6} k|sf/n] -AnfÍ ]6

Pk|f]r_ ljZn]if0f ug{ gx'g], sd{rf/LnfO{ lkmN8 e|d0f eGbf ;]jfk|jfxsf] u'0f:t/ / ;]jfu|fxL ;Gt'li6sf] cfwf/df k|f]T;fxg eQfsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ h:tf ;'emfjx? lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

o;}u/L ;dodf ah]6 lgsfzf gx'g', ah]6 kof{Kt gx'g', O{Gwg ;d:of, d;nGb cefj, 8fs9'jfgLdf vr{ cefj, tflnd, k|f]T;fxgsf] cefj, ah]6 vr{ug]{ clVtof/L k|fKt gx'g' h:tf ;d:ofx? w]/}h;f] sfof{nox?sf ;f´f ;d:of /x]sf lyP . ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u sdhf]/ b]lvg'sf ;fy} ;a} sd{rf/Lx? cfkm\gf] sfd st{Jok|lt ;+j]bgzLn gePsf] klg u'gf;f] /x]sf] lyof].

cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf p7]sf ;jfnx? tyf k|fKt ;'emfjx?sf] cfwf/df cg'udg 6f]nLaf6 lgDg ;'emfjx? k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 M—

• sd{rf/L ;?jfnfO{ lgoldt / Jojl:yt jgfpg' kg]{, ;?jf dfkb08sf] kfngf x'g'kg]{ .

• /fhgLlts bjfjdf glbg] sd{rf/Lsf] kL/dsf{ ;dfg ?kn] ;'g'jfO{ x'g'kg]{ .

• b'u{dsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ cfsif{s eQfsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ . ! lbgsf] tn aa/fa/ u|]8 /sd x'g] gLltut Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ .

• l/Qm b/aGbL ;dodfg} kl/k"lt{sf] ug{sf nflu ;Dk"0f{ sfof{nodf kl/kq ug'{kg]{ . sf/fuf/ sfof{no h:tf ;+j]bgzLn lgsfodf klg sd{rf/Lsf] cefj b]lvPsf]n] ;+j]bgzLntf x]/L l/Qm b/aGbLdf tTsfn} kbk"lt{x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

• nfdf] ;do;Dd sfof{nosf] b/aGbLdf k'g/fjnf]sg gePsf]n] ;]jfk|jfxdf c;/ k/]sf] tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljleGg ;]jf, ;d"xdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] j[lQ ljsf;sf cj;/df ;d]t k|efj k/]sf]n] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j{]If0f u/L b/aGbLdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug{' kg{] .

• ;xfos:t/sf sd{rf/Lsf] kbk"lt{ ;dodf gx'Fbf sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf sl7gfO{ x'g] ePsfn] d'Vo sfd ug{] / ;xfos sfd ug{] kbsf] ju{L{s/0f u/L kbk"lt{sf] k|s[of cl3 j9fpg] .

• sd{rf/LnfO{ lgo'lQmkq ;fydf sfo{ljj/0f klg lbg] Joj:yf ug]{ / ;f] cg';f/ sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof°g ug{] Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kn] sfof{Gjog ug{] .

• gfkL, dfnkf]t, lhNnf k|zf;g h:tf clen]v /fVg] sfof{nox?sf] ef}lts cj:yfsf] tTsfn k'glgdf{0f, ;'b[l9s/0f / gofF ljGof; ug]{ / sDKo'6/sf] dfWodjf6 clen]vsf] Joj:yfkg x'g] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ .

• s/f/ / :yfoL sd{rf/LaLr kf]zfs eQfdf /x]sf] lje]b /x]sf]df ul/Psf] lj/f]wsf] ts{k"0f{ ;dfwfg vf]lhg'kg]{ . dlxnf sd{rf/Lsf] kf]zfssf] /· ;DaGwdf k'glj{rf/ ug'{kg]{ .

• tflnd tyf j}b]lzs e|d0fsf cj;/x?nfO{ ljs]Gb|Lt ul/g'kg]{

• sfof{nodf ;]jfk|jfx ug{ sl7gfO{ gx'g] u/L cfjZos >f]t;fwgsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ .

• sfof{nox?sf] cfKfm\g} ejg gx'Fbf ;]jf k|jfx ug{ sl7gfO{ ePsf], ;/sf/L gLlt cg';f/ ckfËd}qL klg agfpg g;lsPsf]n] ;Dej eP;Dd cfkm\g} sfof{no ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu kxn ug'{kg]{ .

• :yfgLo lgsfodf sfo{/t -ljz]iftM dlxnf ljsf; sfof{nosf_ sd{rf/Lx? Pp6} sfof{nodf nfdf] ;do /xg] / ltgLx?sf] ;?jf ;d]t gx'g] ePsfn] sfof{nosf] sfo{jftfj/0fdf ;d]t ;d:of >[hgf x'g] u/]sf] eGg] u'gf;fx? kfO{Psfn] txfFtkm{sf sd{rf/Lsf] klg ;?jf ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg], To:tf sd{rf/Lx?sf] klg cfrf/ ;+lxtf agfO{ nfu" ug]{ .

• sfof{nodf sfd kG5fpg] / cfn6fn ug]{ k|j[ltnfO{ /f]Sg sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg k|0ffnLnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ;]jf ;d"xdf nfu" ug{ kxn ug'{kg]{ .

• cg'udg, d"NofÍgsf nflu ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]{ .

• b}lgs e|d0f tyf xf]6]naf; vr{ kl/dfh{g ul/g'kg]{, e'QmfgLsf] jt{dfg k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{

• lghfdtL ;]jfnfO{ dof{lbt agfpg] ;DaGwdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] kxn ug'{kg]{ .

lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;Gtlt 5fqj[lQ sfo{qmd

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] cfly{s jif{ @)^(.)&) sf] :jLs[t sfo{qmd cg';f/ lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;Gtlt 5fqj[lQ sfo{qmd cGtu{tsf] s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] 5fqj[lQ tkm{ axfnjfnf jf ;]jflgj[Q lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx? -lghfdtL ;]jf P]g @)$(, g]kfn:jf:Yo ;]jf P]g @)%# / Joj:yflksf ;+;b ;lrjfno ;DaGwL P]g, @)^$ adf]lhdsf kbx?_ sf :jb]zsf ljZjljBfnox?df :gfts tx k|yd jif{df cWoog/t ;Gtltx?nfO{ tkl;ndf pNn]lvt ljifox?df 5fqj[lQ k|bfgug]{ ;DaGwdf oxL ldlt @)&).)@.)* sf] uf]/vfkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/Psf] lyof] . of]Uotf k'u]sf 5fq5fqfx?n] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltn] #) lbgleqdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;Gtlt 5fqj[lQ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnodf l/tk"j{s b/vf:t lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . o; cf= j= df of] 5fqj[lQ a9LDff $)) hgf ;DDfnfO{

k|bfg ul/Gf] ;fy} ljifout 5fqj[lQ kfpg]sf] ;+Vof b/vf:tsf] cg'kftdf lgwf{/0f ul/g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . b/vf:tsf] 9fFrf / r]slni6sf] nflu hfgsf/Lx? dGqfnosf] j]j;fO{6af6 jf 5fqj[lQ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnoaf6 klg k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 .

5fqjlQsf] nflu tf]lsPsf ljifox?df lrlsT;fzf:q cGt{ut Pd=aL=aL=P;=, aL=aL=P;= / gl;{ª, O{lGhlgol/·, jglj1fg, s[lif lj1fg, kz'lj1fg tyf kz':jf:Yo, Joj:yfkg ;+sfotkm{ :gfts tx / lj1fg ;+sfotkm{ :gfts tx /x]sf 5g\ .

5fqj[lQsf] nflu b/vf:t lbg] pDd]b\jf/n] k|j]lzsf k/LIff / !@ sIff jf k|jL0ftf k|df0fkq tx sDtLdf låtLo >]0fLdf jf pQL0f{ u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ / :jb]zleqsf cWoog ;+:yfgx?df :gfts txdf egf{ eO{ k|yd jif{df cWoog/t /x]sf] x'g'kg]{ u/L Go"gtd cfwf/ tf]lsPsf] 5 .

sd{rf/L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgsf] k|ult

gfoa ;'Aaf :t/;Ddsf sd{rf/LnfO{ tflnd lbg :yflkt ePsf] sd{rf/L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgsf] ejg g]kfn k|1f k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgsf] If]qdf /x]sf] 5 . rfn" cf=j= )^(÷)&) sf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s cjlwdf ljleGg !& lsl;dsf tflnd sfo{qmdx?df u/L hDdf !)$$ hgfnfO{ tflnd lbO ;lsPsf] 5 . sd{rf/L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgn] ;~rfng ug]{ tflnd sfo{qmdx?df k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f -!_, sfof{no Joj:yfkg -^±@±!_, ;lrjfno zLk -@±@_, P8efG; sDKo'6/ tflnd -$_, cfwf/e"t sDKo'6/ tflnd -@_, kbLo bfloTj cled'vL s/0f -#±@±!_, n]6 Sofl/o/ Dofg]hd]G6-!_, ;'zf;g ;DaGwL k|lzIf0f -!_, tflndsf] cfjZostf klxrfg -!_, sDKo'6/ xf8{j]o/ / g]6jls{ª -!_, lghL ;lrjfno Joj:yfkg -!_ ;]jf k|j]z tflnd-!_ / 3'DtL tflnd sfo{qmd ;d]t u/L hDdf #& j6f tflnd ;~rfng ul/;s]sf] 5 .

k|lti7fgn] 3'DtL tflnd sfo{qmd klg ;~rfng ug]{ u/]sf] ;Gbe{df ;jf/L rfns / sfof{no ;xof]uLx?sf] nflu kbLo bfloTj cled'vLs/0f ;DaGwL 3'DtL tflnd -dx]Gb|gu/ / pbok'/_ df ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg] ;'zf;g ;DaGwL 3'DtL k|lzIf0f tflnd x'Dnf, dgfª, ;f]n'v'Da', 8f]Nkf, afh'/f, vf]6fª lhNnfdf gf=;'= / vl/bf/:t/sf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . o;}u/L dx]Gb|gu/ / pbok'/ lhNnfdf vl/bf/:t/sf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;lrjfno zLk ;DaGwL tflnd ;fy} gf=;'= :t/sf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ sfof{no Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL tflnd lbO{Psf] 5 .

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno, ;+u7g ljsf; zfvfaf6 ;Dkflbt sfo{x?

!= ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f ;DaGwL M ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;+u7g ljsf; zfvfaf6 bf]>f] rf}dfl;s cjlwe/df ljleGg dGqfno, ;lrjfno, cfof]u tyf cGtu{tsf lgsfox? ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f ;DkGgu/L g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\af6 b]xfoadf]lhdsf & j6f dGqfno÷cGt{utsf sfof{nox?sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf Pj+ b/aGbL t]l/h :jLs[t ul/Psf] 5 .

• k'g/fj]bg÷lhNnf÷>d cbfntx?

• Gofo kl/ifb\ ;lrjfno

• cf}ifwL Joj:yf ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?

• /fli6«o :jf:Yo lzIff, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ s]Gb| / If]qLo :jf:Yo tflnd s]Gb|

• 88'jf pk:jf:Yo rf}sL, /fd]5fk

• pbok'/ lhNnf cbfntsf] !% z}o\ofsf] c:ktfnaf6 %) z}o\ofsf] c:ktfndf :t/f]Gglt ;DaGwL

• k//fi6« dGqfno / cGtu{tsf lgof]ux?sf gofF b/aGbL l;h{gf Pj+ ;+u7g ;+/rgf :jLs[lt h;cGtu{t lgDg sfo{ /x]sf lyPM -s_ cf]dfgsf] /fhwfgL d:s6df / jx/fOgsf] /fhwfgL dgdfdf g]kfnL

/fhb"tfjf;sf] :yfkgfsf] nflu cfjZos ;+u7g ;+/rgf :jLsl[t . -v_ ;fpbL c/]laofsf] h]2fdf sG;'n]6 / rLgsf] Ujf·hfpdf sG;'n]6 hg/nsf]

:yfkgfsf] nflu cfjZos ;+u7g ;+/rgf :jLs[lt .

@= sfo{ ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ ;DaGwL M sfo{ clwsf/, pQ/bfloTj, sfo{;Dkfbg ;"rsf°, ;"rsf°sf >f]t;lxt :ki6 v'Ng] u/L ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno cGtu{tsf ;a} kbx?sf] sfo{ljj/0f lg=;]=lg= )%) sf] cg';"rL $ sf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

#= ljz]if a9'jf -@$3!_ ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL M

-s_ @$3! v jdf]lhd sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] cfwf/df a9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL Joj:yf cg';f/ ug'{kg]{ ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0fnfO{ ;/n, k|efjsf/L tyf Jojl:yt agfpg] laifodf ;a} dGqfno÷cfof]u÷;lrjfnosf ;x;lrj÷pk;lrj :t/sf k|ltlglwsf] ;xeflutfdf sfo{zfnf uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf]5 .

-v_ sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"Nof+sgåf/f j9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hg ;DaGwdf ul/g] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f ljifos dGqfnosf ;Dk"0f{ clws[t:t/sf sd{rf/Lsf] ;xefuLtfdf cled'vLs/0f uf]i7L ;DkGg .

-u_ sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"Nof°gsf] cfwf/df a9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hgsf nflu ;DalGwt dGqfno÷;lrjfno÷cfof]udf u7g ul/g] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f sfo{bndf dGqfnosf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|ltlglw tf]lsk7fOPsf] / ;f]xLadf]lhd sfo{ e}/x]sf] .

$= cGo sfo{x?M g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t ePsf ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbL ;DaGwL lg0f{ox?, dlGqkl/ifb\df k]z ePsf k|:tfj, cg';"rLx?, kbkl/jt{g nufotsf lg0f{ox?nfO{ :Sofg u/L l8lh6fO{H8 ug]{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf]5 . g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;+u7g tflnsf 5kfO{ ;a} ;/sf/L lgsfox?df ljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf eO{/x]sf] 5 .

bfË lhNnfdf a9'jf ;ldlt ;lrjfno ;dGjo÷cg'udg ;DaGwL 5nkmn sfo{qmd o; dGqfnosf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd a9'jf ;ldlt ;lrjfno ;dGjo÷cg'udg cGtu{t oxL ldlt @)&).!).!@ ut] bf· lhNnfdf lhNnf:t/Lo a9'jf ;ldltsf] xfn eO/x]sf sfdsf/jfxL tyf a9'jf ;ldlt ;lrjfno ;dGjo ;DaGwL ultljlwx?sf] cWoog cjnf]sg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . bf· lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L >L /ljnfn kGt, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf pk;lrj >L] b'uf{bQ kf}8]n nufot cGo sd{rf/Lx?;Fu a9'jf Joj:yfkg sfo{;DaGwL 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . 5nkmnsf qmddf sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofª\sg kmf/fdsf] Jojxfl/stf, ;f] kmf/fddf ;'k/Lj]Ifs, k'g/fjnf]sgstf{ / k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 c° k|bfg ul/g] ljlw, h]i7tfjfkt\ k|fKt x'g] c°, ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfdubf{ k|fKt x'g] c°, z}lIfs of]Uotf / tflndjfkt\ k|fKt ug]{ c°sf ;DaGwdf ljrf/ cfbfg–k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf a9'jfsf] c° u0fgf tyf tflnsLs/0fdf ;"rgf–k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] cf}+NofO{Psf] lyof] . bf· lhNnfsf] a9'jf ;ldltaf6 lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%) sf] lgod &@ sf] v08 -u_sf] Joj:yf u/] adf]lhdsf] a9'jf ;DaGwL sfo{x? lgoldt?kdf ;xh9·af6 ePsf] b]lvof] . oBlk kb l/Qm x'gf;fy} b'u{d:yfgaf6 sd{rf/L ;?jf eP/ cfpg] sf/0fn] ubf{ :ofª\hf lhNnfdf sd} ;+Vofdf dfq a9'jfsf] sfo{ ePsf] kfO{Psf] lyof] . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf sf6f]{u|fkm/ k|bLk >]i7n] @$3! adf]lhd a9'jf x'Fbf kbgfd pNn]v gu/L /f=k|= t[tLodf a9'jf ePsf], tt\kZrft\ lghn] k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfdsfh ub}{ cfPsf]n] zfvf clws[t kbgfd kfpg'kg]{ lhls/ ug'{ePsf] lyof] . . o;}u/L pk;lrj >L b'uf{bQ kf}8]nn] @$3! adf]lhd a9'jf ;dfof]hg eO{ pk;lrj kbdf sfo{/t /x]sf]n] u[xdGqfnodf kb:yfkg x'g dfu ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|zf;g klqsfsf] gofF c° k|sflzt ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] of]hgf zfvfaf6 lgoldt ?kn] k|sfzg x'Fb} cfPsf] k|zf;g klqsfsf] !@# cf}+ c° k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . ;]jfk|jfx÷sfo{k|lqmof ;/nLs/0f ljz]iff°sf] ?kdf k|:t't ;f] c°df /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf pkfWoIf >L bLk]Gb|axfb'/ If]qL;Fusf] cGtjf{tf{ / ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrj >L b'uf{lglw zdf{sf] cfn]v ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . ;lrj >L zdf{n] sfg"gL ;'wf/, ;·7gfTds ;'wf/, tflnd, Ifltk"lt{ ;lxtsf] gful/s j8fkq ;fy} sfo{If]qsf] k'glj{efhgsf dfWodaf6 lghfdtL ;]jfdf cfPsf] lj;·lt / ljrngnfO{ lgoGq0f u/L ;]jfk|jfxsf] u'0f:t/j[l4 ug{ ;lsg] wf/0ff k|:t't ug'{ePsf] 5 . >L u+uf/fd u]nfnn] ;]jfk|jfxsf] jt{dfg l:yltsf] ljj]rgf ub}{ ;'wf/sf nflu gLltut, k|s[ofut tyf sfo{;+:s[lt ;DaGwL ;'emfjx? k|:t't ug'{ePsf] 5 . >L wL/s'df/ >]i7n] ;]jfk|jfxnfO{ sfof{no ljGof;n] 7"nf] k|efj kfg]{ tYo k|:t't ub}{ gofF z}nLsf] sfof{no–;+/rgf ;d]t k|:tfj ug'{ePsf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm ;]jfk|jfxsf] ;/ntfdf :yfgLo k|zf;ssf] e"ldsf, ;]jfk|jfxsf] k|efjsfl/tf ;Gbe{df Psn vftf sf]if k|0ffnL, :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;]jfk|jfxdf ;fdflhs k/LIf0fsf] e"ldsf, l;h{gfTds Ifdtf / ;fj{hlgs ;]jfk|jfxsf] cGt/;DaGw, k|efjsf/L ;]jfk|jfxsf

nflu pkef]Qmf s]lGb|t df]8]n nufot cGo ljljw ljifox? klg of] c°df ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ . :fGtlt 5fqj[lQ ;DAfGwL k|ult lhNnf:t/Lo 5fqj[lQ bf]>f] Aofr @)^*.)^( tkm{sf] bf]>f] ls:tf cGtu{t @)^(.!@.@! df & lhNnfsf !@ hgfnfO{ ?= &,@),))).– / @)&).)@.)^ df !! lhNnfsf !^ hgfnfO{ ?= (,^),))).– ;d]t u/L ?= !^,*),))).– e'QmfgL e};s]sf] 5 . o;}u/L lhNnf:t/Lo 5fqj[lQsf] t]>f] Aofr @)^(.)&) tkm{sf] klxnf] ls:tf cGtu{t @)^(.!@.@! df !! lhNnfsf !* hgfnfO{ ?= !),*),))).– / @)&).)@.!$ df @ lhNnfsf # hgfnfO{ ?= !,*),))).– u/L ?= !@,^),))).– e'QmfgL ul/;lsPsf] 5 . x/]s jif{ @)) hgfnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] 5fqj[lQtkm{ rf}yf] Aofr cf=a= @)^(.)&)sf] nflu ldlt @)&).)@.)*df b/vf:tsf nflu ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf]df ljleGg !) ljwf÷;+sfodf u/L &%& hgfsf] cfj]bg k/]sf] 5 . lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;GtltnfO{ 5fqj[lQ pknAw u/fpg] lgb]{lzsf -@)^&_ sf] t]>f] ;+zf]wg @)&).)!.@^ df ul/Psf] 5 . ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrjHo"sf] rLg e|d0f rLg ;/sf/sf] jfl0fHo dGqfnosf] cg'/f]wdf ldlt @)^(.!@.)@* b]lv @)&).)#.)% -tbg';f/ O{=;+= @)!# clk|n !) b]lv clk|n !*_ ;Dd rLgsf] Psf8]dL ckm ueg{g]G; tflnd s]Gb|df :f~rfng ePsf] cjnf]sg e|d0f tyf sfo{zfnf uf]i7Ldf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrj >L b'uf{lglw zdf{ ;xefuL x'g'ePsf]] lyof] . g]kfnsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx?sf] k|zf;sLo Ifdtf -ueg]{G; Plaln6L km/ g]klnh l;len ;e]{G6;\_ ljifos ;f] uf]i7Ldf g]kfn ;/sf/sf !( hgf pRRfkb:y clwsf/Lx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . rLgsf] cfly{s ljsf;, ;/sf/L ;+/rgf, k|zf;g ;'wf/, wfld{s gLlt, ljb]z gLlt ;fy} lrlgofF ;+:s[ltsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] p4]Zo /flvPsf] ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;a} vr{ rLg ;/sf/af6 Joxf]l/Psf] lyof] . ;f] cWoog 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifb\ sfof{nosf ;lrj >L ;"o{k|;fb l;njfnn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd cjlwdf ljljw ljifodf lrlgofF lj1÷ k|fWofksx?af6 k|:t'lts/0f / 5nkmn ul/g'sf ;fy} tflnd k|lti7fg / xfªhfp gu/kflnsfsf kbflwsf/Lx?;Fu ;d]t cGtlqm{of ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd cjlwdf rLgsf] a]O{lh·, ;f‹fO{, tyf xfghfp zx/sf] e|d0f u/L rLgsf] ef}lts ;+/rgfx?sf] ljsf;sf] cjnf]sg ul/Psf] lyof] . dxfgu/sf] Joj:yfkg ;fy} ;]jfu|fxL ;Gt'li6dfkg ;DaGWfL Jojxf/x?sf] ;d]t cWoog ul/Psf] lyof] . lrlgofF kbflwsf/L;Fusf] e]63f6sf cj;/df g]kfnnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] tflnd ;xof]udf clej[l4 ug]{ / lrlgofF ko{6ssf] ;+VofTds j[l4dfkm{t\ g]kfnsf] cfly{s ljsf;df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg]af/]df 5nkmn x'g'sf];fy} rLgsf jfl0fHo pkdGqLnfO{ g]kfne|d0fsf] lgDfGq0ff klg lbO{Psf] lyof] .

;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw ;DaGwL k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd a}+ss

sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]udf bIf agfpg ljleGg tflnd k|bfos lgsfox?nfO{ Nofj ;]6 ug{ ;xof]u k'–ofpg] p2]Zon] PlzofnL ljsf; j}+s (ADB) sf] ;xof]udf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf E-Governance for Human Resource

Development gfds kl/of]hgf ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljB'tLo zf;gsf] cjwf/0ff cfTd;ft ug{ nfu]sf] / sfuhljxLg sfof{nosf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] kl/k|]Iodf tt\;DaGwL nIo k|fKt ug{, Kf|zf;lgs sfdsfjf{xLdf ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug{ ;s];Dd w]/} sd{rf/LnfO{ ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw ;DaGwdf k|lzlIft ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] nflu k|yd r/0fdf ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw k|lzIfsx?sf] pTkfbg ug'{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n] of] k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflnd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . PlzofnL ljsf; j}+ssf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] pQm tflnd oxL ldlt @)&).)@.)( b]lv !( ;Dd -tbg';f/ ;g\ @)!# d] @# b]lv h"g @ ;Dd_ Plzog O{lG:6Ro"6 ckm 6]Sgf]nf]hL, a}+ssdf ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm tflnd sDKo'6/sf] xf8{j]o/, j]j / O{G6/g]6sf] k|of]u, ;f];n ldl8of, ;"rgf k|ljlwsf If]qsf gofF ljsf;, ljQLo Joj:yfkg÷hgzlQm Joj:yfkg÷;"rgf Joj:yfkgdf ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u, O{G6/g]6sf ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]u, sfuhljxLg k|zf;gsf] cjwf/0ff ;DaGwdf s]lGb|t /x]sf] lyof] . k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ ;]jfk|jfxdf ljB'tLo dfWodsf] k|of]u ug{sf nflu ;Ifd t'Nofpg'sf] ;fy} ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw If]qdf /fli6«o:t/sf] k|lZfIfssf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ tflndsf] p4]Zo /x]sf] lyof] . ;f] tflnddf sfo{qmddf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;x;lrj >L d's'Gb/fh kGyL/ >L dx]Gb| u'/fufO{F, pk;lrj dx]z cfrfo{, tLy{ kf}8]n / tf]ofgf/fo0f ;'j]bL / zfvf clws[t /d]z clwsf/L ;xefuL x'g'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] !& ;b:oLo cWoog 6f]nLdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf cltl/Qm k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no pk;lrj >L hogf/fo0f cfrfo{, / sfg"g dGqfnosf zfvf clws[t >L u0f]z gfos nufot cGo ljleGg tflnd k|bfos lgsfox?sf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] lyof] . o;} u/L :f"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlw ;DaGwL k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflndsf]] bf]>f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmdsf] ?kdf PlzofnL ljsf; j}+ssf] cfly{s ;xof]u / ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;+of]hgdf oxL ldlt @)&).)@.@& b]lv @)&).)@.@( -tbg';f/ ;g\ @)!# h"g !) b]lv !@_;Dd tflnd ;DkGGf ePsf] lyof] . cfO{=l;=6L= ;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo ;+:yf PlzofnL / k|zfGt If]qsf] nflu ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlw tflnd s]Gb| -UN–APCICT) sf] æcfO{=l;=6L= / ;fy{s ljsf;sf] cGt/;DaGwÆ ljifos tflnd -Psf8]dL @ df]8\o"n !_sf] k|f/DEf ug]{ p4]Zon] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmd /fli6«o ;"rgf k|ljlw s]Gb| -NIDC_, l;+xb/af/df ;~rfng ul/Psf]] lyof] . tflnddf g]kfn k|zf;lgs k|lZfIf0f k|lti7fg, sd{rf/L k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg, x'nfs ;]jf tflnd s]Gb|, :yfgLo ljsf; tflnd s]Gb| nufot ljleGg !# lgsfosf @( k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrj >L b'uf{lglw zdf{sf] ljz]if cltly /xg'ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf d's'Gb/fh kGyLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;lrjHo"n] UN–APCICT sf df]8\o"nx? ;~rfng ug{ g]kfn k|zf;lgs k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg=, /fli6«o ;"rgf k|ljlw s]Gb|, ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf Ps–Ps k|ltlglwsf ;fy} ! jfXo lj1;lxtsf] $ ;b:oLo ;ldlt u7gsf] nflu lgb]{zg ;d]t ug'{ePsf] lyof] . g]kfnsf ;/sf/L lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ g]kfndf /x]sf tflnd k|lti7fgsf] dfWodaf6 ;"rgf tyf k|ljlwsf] ;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ug]{ / ;f]sf] nflu cfjZos ;+Vofdf k|lzIfs ;d]t tof/ ug]{, / ;a} sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lg/Gt/ tflnd k|bfg ub}{ hfg] nIo of] df]8\o"nn]] lnPsf] 5 . ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf pk;lrjsf] rLg e|d0f ;DkGg rLg ;/sf/af6 oxL ldlt @)&) j}zfv @% b]lv h]i7 !$ -tbg';f/ ;g\ @)!# d]* b]lv d] @)!#_ ;Dd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] æPlzofnL b]zx?sf ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx?sf nflu ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gÆ ljifos ;]ldgf/df ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno, j9'jf zfvfsf pk;lrj >L lzj/fd Gof}kfg] ;xefuL x'g'ePsf] lyof] . ;]ldgf/df kfls:tfg, a·nfb]z, g]kfn, dfnlbE;, >LnÍf, nfcf];, hlh{of, ch/a}hfg cflb d'n'ssf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;]ldgf/df rLgsf] /fhg}lts tyf cfly{s ljsf;qmd, lrlgof lghfdtL ;]jfsf] cj:yf, j}b]lzs tyf s"6g}lts gLlt Pj+ rLgsf] Oltxf; tyf ;+:s[lt nufotsf ljifox? k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy} Ps csf]{sf] d'n'ssf] k|zf;lgs ;+/rgf, ;+:yfut ljsf; / k|zf;gsf gjLg cjwf/0ffsf af/]df cg'ej cfbfg k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] cjlwdf j]O{lh·, ;f‹fO{, xf]·f] zx/sf] cjnf]sg ug'{sf ;fy} gd"gf–u|fdL0f–ko{6gsf] k"jf{wf/ cWoogsf nflu :ynut e|d0f;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . ;·7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f ;DaGwL cWoog e|d0f l5dsL /fi6« O{l08ofdf jg Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf ePsf÷ul/Psf ljljw Joj:yfx? tyf ;·7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0fsf kIfx?sf] ;DaGwdf cWoog ug]{ p4]Zon] ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno, ;·7g ljsf; zfvfsf pk;lrj ;d]t ;+nUg lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx?sf] 6f]nLn] ldlt @)&).)!.!@ b]lv @! ;Dd O{l08ofsf] gofFlbNnL, xl/of0ff / pQ/fv08df cjnf]sg e|d0f u/]sf] lyof] . jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnosf] ;+of]hgdf ePsf] ;f] e|d0fdf jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno, cy{ dGqfno, lHfNnf jg sfof{nodf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? ;xefuL /xg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] e|d0fsf qmddf jg Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf O{l08ofdf ePsf ljleGg cg's/0fLo sfo{x? ;DaGwL cWoog ug'{sf] ;fy} g]kfndf cEof; ul/Psf] sfo{;Dkfbg / cg'ejsf] cfwf/df x'g] d"Nof°g k|0ffnL;Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] O{l08ofsf] Aofr k|df]zg k|0ffnLsf] ;fy} To;sf] Joj:yfkgdf ul/Psf sfo{x?sf] af/]df cWoog ul/Psf] lyof] . lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;Gtlt 5fqj[lQ lgb]{lzsfdf ul/Psf] t]>f] ;+zf]wg lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf ;GtltnfO{ 5fqj[lQ pknJw u/fpg] lgb]{lzsf, @)^& df ;+zf]wg ug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n], g]kfn ;/sf/n] sfo{sf/L clwsf/ k|of]u u/L of] lgb]{lzsf hf/L u/]sf] 5 . != ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ o; lgb]{lzsfsf] gfd ælghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf ;GtltnfO{

5fqj[lQ pknJw u/fpg] –t];|f] ;+zf]wg_ lgb]{lzsf, @)&) /x]sf] 5 .

-@_ of] lgb]{lzsf t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 . @= lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf ;GtltnfO{ 5fqj[lQ pknJw u/fpg] lgb]{lzsf, @)^& sf] bkmf #

df ;+zf]wgM lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf ;GtltnfO{ 5fqj[lQ pknJw u/fpg] lgb]{lzsf, @)^& -o;kl5 d"n lgb]{lzsf elgPsf]_ sf] bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf] Psk6s dfq lghsf] cleefjs lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ 5fqj[lQsf] /sd ;f]em} eGg] zJbx?sf] ;§f k|To]s z}lIfs jif{sf cfwf/df jflif{s ls:tfjGbLsf ?kdf bkmf @@ adf]lhd 5fqj[lQsf] /sd eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf] 5 .

#= d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf $ df ;+zf]wgM d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf $ sf], -!_ v08 –s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 –s_ /flvPsf] 5M -s_ k|j]lzsf -:s'n lnleª ;le{lkms]6 PShfldg]zg_ k/LIff / bz hf]8 b'O{ jf ;f]

;/x jf k|lj0ftf k|df0fkq tx jf ;f] ;/xsf] k/LIffdf sDtLdf låtLo >]0fLdf pQL0f{ ePsf], /

-@_ v08 -v_ lemlsPsf] 5 . -#_ v08 –u_ df /x]sf] 5fqj[lQ k|bfg ul/g] ljifodf eGg] zJbx? k5f8L :jb]z

leqsf eGg] zJb ylkPsf] / ;f]xL v08sf] ePsf] jf eGg] zJbx?sf] ;§f eO{ k|yd jif{df eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf] 5 .

$= d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf % df ;+zf]wgM d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -!_ df/x]sf] k|fljlws eGg] zJb lemlsPsf] / ;f]xL pkbkmfsf] v08 –r_ kl5 v08 –r!_ / -r@_ ylkPsf] 5M

-r!_ Joj:yfkg, -r@_ lj1fg, %= d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf * df ;+zf]wgM d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf * sf] bkbkmf -!_ sf]

v08 –u_ df /x]sf] sfg'g tyf Gofo dGqfno eGg] zJbx?sf] ;§f sfg'g, Gofo, ;+ljwfg ;ef tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfno eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf] 5 .

^= d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf !! df ;+zf]wgM d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf !! sf] -!_ pkbkmf -!_ df /xsf] dfyL ePsf] eGg] zJbx?sf] ;§f bkmf % df pNn]v ePsf

eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf] / ;/sf/L jf eGg] zJb lemlsPsf] 5 . ;f]xL kbkmfsf] sDtLOdf l4tLo >]0fLdf pQL0f{ eO{ eGg] aJbx?kl5 lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf ;Gtltx? dWo] eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf] 5 . o;}u/L ;f]xL pkbkmfdf /x]sf] Ps 5f]/f / Ps 5f]/LnfO{ eGg] aJbx?sf] ;§f b'O{ 5fq / b'O{ 5fqfnfO{ eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf] 5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!s_ df /x]sf] dfly zJbsf] ;§f pkbkmf -!_ df eGg] zJb /flvPsf] 5 . o;} u/L b'O{ eGg] zJbsf] ;§f rf/ eGg] zJb /flvPsf] / ;f]xL pkbkmfsf] b'a}hgf eGg] zJbx?sf] ;§f rf/}hgf eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf] 5 .

&= d"n lgb]{lzssf] bkmf !$ df ;+zf]wgM d"n lgb]{lzsfsf] bkmf !$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf b}lgs kqklqsfdf eGg] zJbx? k5fl8 ælhNnf:t/sf] xsdf k|To]s jif{sf] kf}if dlxgfleq / s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] xsdf k|To]s jif{sf] kmfu'g dlxgfleqæ eGg] zJbx? ylkPsf] 5 .

a9'jf zfvfsf] sfo{k|ult ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] a9'jf zfvfaf6 dGqfnosf] rfn" cf=j=sf] h]i7 d;fGt;Dddf (* j6f a9'jf÷ ;dfof]hgsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5, ljlzi7 >]0fL / ;f] ;/xsf] kbdf a9'jfsf] nflu #^ j6f l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;]jf;d"x–pk;d"xsf] a9'jf lgo'lQmsf] nflu !)@ j6f l;kmfl;z ul/Psf] 5 . o; cjlwdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]udf @* j6f k|lts[of / cGo !@ l/6 lgj]bgsf] lnlvt hjfkm k7fO{Psf] / @ j6f ;Dj4tf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . nueu %@)) sf=;=d"= kmf/fdsf] kmfO{lnª ul/Psf] 5 . h]i7 d;fGt;Dddf zfvfaf6 g'jfsf]6, gjnk/f;L, l;Gw'nL, k;f{ u/L $ lhNnfdf sf=;=d"= cGtlqm{of sfo{qmd / :of·hf, ?kGb]xL, slknj:t', Ko"7fg / bf· u/L % lhNnfdf lhNnf:tl/o a9'jf ;lrjfnosf sfo{x?sf] cg'udg ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .

llgghhffddttLL ;;]]jjff PP]]gg,, @@))$$(( nnffOO{{ ;;++zzff ]]wwgg uugg{{ aagg]]ssff ]] ccWWooffbb]]zz kk||::ttffjjggffM lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( nfO{ tTsfn ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos ePsf] / xfn

Joj:yflksf–;+;b gePsf]n], g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f ** sf] pkwf/f

-!_ adf]lhd dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«kltaf6 of] cWofb]z hf/L ePsf] 5 .

!= ;;++llIIffKKtt ggffdd // kk|| ff//DDeeM -!_ o; cWofb]zsf] gfd ælghfdtL ;]jf -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_

cWofb]z, @)^(Æ /x]sf] 5 .

-@_ of] cWofb]z t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .

@= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf & df ;+zf]wgM lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( -o;kl5

æd"n P]gÆ elgPsf]_ sf] bkmf & sf],–

-!_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_ /flvPsf] 5 M–

-!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf bkmf !( sf] pkbkmf -@_

adf]lhd / b]xfosf] kb b]xfo adf]lhd k"lt{ ul/g]5 M–

kb

v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f

j9'jfåf/f sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"NofÍgåf/f

cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f

h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgåf/f

-s_ >]0fL ljlxg÷ /fhkq cglÍt kfFrf}+

!))Ü – – –

-v_ /fhkq cglÍt rt'y{ >]0fL

– – – –

-u_ /fhkq cglÍt t[tLo >]0fL

– – – –

-3_ /fhkq cglÍt låtLo >]0fL

&)Ü – @)Ü !)Ü

-ª_ /fhkq cglÍt k|yd >]0fL

$)Ü @)Ü – $)Ü

-r_ /fhkqflÍt t[tLo >]0fL

&)Ü – – #)Ü

-5_ /fhkqflÍt låtLo >]0fL

!)Ü #%Ü @)Ü #%Ü

-h_ /fhkqflÍt k|yd >]0fL

!)Ü #%Ü @)Ü #%Ü

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!s_ / -!v_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–

-!s_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf l/Qm kb

b]xfo adf]lhd k"lt{ ul/g]5 M–

-s_ h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfsf nflu 5'6\ofO{Psf] ;a} jf s]xL

kbdf ;+efJo pDd]bjf/ geO{ kb k"lt{ x'g g;Sg] ePdf h'g jif{sf] nflu To:tf]

kb 5'6\ofOPsf] xf] ;f]xL jif{sf] To:tf] kb sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"NofÍgåf/f ul/g]

a9'jfåf/f,

t/ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -r_ df plNnlvt /fhkqflÍt t[tLo >]0fLsf] kbdf

h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfsf nflu ;+efJo pDd]bjf/ geO{

;a} jf s]xL kb k"lt{ x'g g;Sg] ePdf To:tf] kb v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{

ul/g]5 .

-v_ sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfsf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] ;a} jf s]xL kbdf

;DefJo pDd]bjf/ geO{ kb k"lt{ x'g g;Sg] ePdf h'g jif{sf] nflu To:tf] kb

5'6\ofOPsf] xf] ;f]xL jif{sf] To:tf] kb v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f .

-u_ Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kb gePsf] ;]jf ;d"x jf pk;d"xsf] kbdf l/Qm ;a} kb v'Nnf

k|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{ ul/g]5 .

-!v_ o; bkmf adf]lhd kbk"lt{sf] nflu kb;+Vof lgwf{/0f u/L nf]s ;]jf cfof]un]

lj1fkg k|sflzt ug]{5 .Æ

-#_ pkbkmf -!)_ df /x]sf …;f]xL jif{Ú eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f …csf]{ jif{Ú eGg]

zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .

-$_ pkbkmf -!%_ lemlsPsf] 5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -!^_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!^s_ ylkPsf] 5 M–

-!^s_ pkbkmf -!^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} klg lgsfodf cf+lzs

?kdf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf x'g] 5}g .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æcf+lzs ?kdf sfd u/]sf]Æ eGgfn] k|lt

xKtf rfnL; 306f eGbf sd ;do u/]sf] sfdnfO{ hgfpg]5 .Æ

#= d"n P]gsf] bkmf !) df ;+zf]wg M d"n P]gsf] bkmf !) sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -

u_ sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf] v08 -#_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -$_ ylkPsf] 5 M–

-$_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf ckfËtf ePsf

JolQmx? rfnL; jif{sf] pd]/;Dd pDd]bjf/ x'g ;Sg]5g\ .Æ

$= d"n P]gsf] bkmf !* df ;+zf]wg M d"n P]gsf] bkmf !* sf],–

-!_ pkbkmf -$_ df b]xfosf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–

t/ /fhkq cglÍt kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]u jf a9'jf ;ldltaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf]

tyf /fhkqflÍt kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]u jf a9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df klxnf]

k6s kb:yfkg ePsf] sfof{nodf pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw gk'uL s'g} klg

sd{rf/Lsf] ;?jf x'g] 5}g

-@_ pkbkmf -&_ df /x]sf] æbzÆ eGg] zJbsf] ;§f æ;ftÆ eGg] zJb /fvL ;f]

pkbkmfdf b]xfosf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–

æt/ /fhkq cglÍt k|yd >]0fLsf] kbdf l;kmfl/; ePsf] sd{rf/Ln] l;kmfl/;

ePsf] sfof{nodf pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw ;]jf u/]kl5 ;f] ljsf; If]qleq

;?jf x'g ;Sg]5 .Æ -#_ pkbkmf -!!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!!_ /flvPsf] 5 M–

æ-!!_ pkbkmf -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmfsf] v08 -u_, -

3_ jf -ª_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s ;DalGwt sd{rf/L cfkm}n] :j]R5fn] lgj]bg

glbO{ /fhkq cglÍt jf >]0fLljxLg sd{rf/LnfO{ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw

k"/f geO{ ;?jf ul/g] 5}g .Æ

%= d"n P]gsf] bkmf !*s= df ;+zf]wg M d"n P]gsf] bkmf !*s= sf],–

-!_ pkbkmf -@u_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@3_ ylkPsf] 5 M–

æ-@3_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf

-&_ adf]lhd lgo'lQm ePsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f] adf]lhdsf] cjlw k"/f geP ;Dd

Ps jif{df tLg dlxgf eGbf a9L sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .Æ

-@_ pkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf æ-@s_ / -@v_Æ eGg] zJbx?sf] ;§f æ-@s_, -@v_ /

-@3_Æ eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .

^= d"n P]gsf] bkmf !( df ;+zf]wg M d"n P]gsf] bkmf !( sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -

v_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -v_ /flvPsf] 5 M–

æ-v_ /fhkqflÍt ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] ;lrj jf ;f] ;/xsf] kbdf eP M–

-!_ l/Qm kb dWo] @) k|ltzt kbdf sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgdf cf};tdf kGrfgAa]

k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L cÍ k|fKt u/]sf / /fhkqflÍt k|yd >]0fL jf ;f]

;/xsf] kbdf ;a}eGbf a9L ;]jf cjlw ePsf ;DefJo pDd]bjf/nfO{ a9'jf

;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn ;/sf/n] a9'jf ug]{5 .

-@_ l/Qm kb dWo] *) k|ltzt kbdf sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/df ;a}eGbf a9L

cÍ k|fKt ug]{ ;DefJo pDd]bjf/x? dWo]af6 pknAw eP;Dd l/Qm kbsf] t]Aa/

;+Vofdf a9'jf ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf pDd]bjf/x? dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n]

Ho]i7tf / sfo{s'zntfsf] cfwf/df pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] pDd]bjf/nfO{ a9'jf

ug]{5 .

-#_ o; v08 adf]lhd a9'jf ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; ubf{ klxn] pkv08 -!_ adf]lhdsf]

l;kmfl/; u/]kl5 pkv08 -@_ adf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/; ug]{5 .

-$_ o; v08 adf]lhd kbk"lt{sf] nflu nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] kb;+Vof lgwf{/0f

ug]{5 .Æ

&= d"n P]gsf] bkmf @$3= df ;+zf]wg M d"n P]gsf] bkmf @$3= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f

b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_ /flvPsf] 5 M–

æ-!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] cÍ lbFbf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g}

kbdf k|j]z ug{ cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf afkt Psd'i7 gf} cÍ /

;]jf k|j]zsf] lgldQ tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfeGbf dflysf] ;]jf, ;d"x

jf pk–;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt ljifosf] Ps cltl/Qm z}lIfs pkflw afkt Psd'i6

tLg cÍ lbOg]5 . ;]jf k|j]z ug{ cfjZos Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfeGbf

dflyNnf] z}lIfs pkflw dfq kfPsf] cj:yfdf klg ;f]xL a/fa/sf] b'j} cÍ

lbOg]5 .Æ

*= d"n P]gdf bkmf @$3!s= / @$3!v= yk M d"n P]gsf] bkmf @$3!= kl5 b]xfosf

bkmf @$3!s= / @$3!v= ylkPsf 5g\ M–

æ@$3!s= h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfM -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq

h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a9'jf ;ldltn] h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf]

cfwf/df a9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ubf{ a9'jf x'g] kbeGbf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbdf

;a}eGbf a9L ;]jf cjlw ePsf pDd]bjf/nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cfwf/df a9'jfsf]

l;kmfl/; ug]{5 M–

-s_ a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ x'g hlt jif{sf] ;]jf cjlw cfjZos kg]{ xf]

kl5Nnf] Tolt jif{sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf] cf};tdf kGrfgAa] k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf

a9L cÍ k|fKt u/]sf],

-v_ /fhkq cglÍt k|yd >]0fLsf] kbsf] nflu sDtLdf P;= Pn= ;L= jf ;f] ;/xsf]

z}lIfs of]Uotf ePsf], -u_ /fhkqflÍt kbsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf

ePsf] M–

-!_ /fhkqflÍt låtLo >]0fL jf ;f] eGbf dflysf] kbsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf

pk;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf sDtLdf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/xsf] tyf /fhkqflÍt

t[tLo >]0fLsf] kbsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf

sDtLdf k|df0fkq tx jf ;f] ;/xsf] z}lIfs of]Uotf ePsf],

-@_ 9'jf x'g] kbeGbf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbdf ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x;Fu

;DalGwt ljifodf Ps dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] ;]jfsfnLg tfnLd lnPsf],

-#_ xfn axfn /x]sf] >]0fLdf ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/] afkt bkmf @$u= adf]lhd k"/f

cÍ k|fKt u/]sf] .

t/ ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/] afkt k"/f cÍ k|fKt u/]sf] ;+efJo pDd]bjf/ gePdf

jf 5'6\ofOPsf] l/Qm kbdf ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ gk'u x'g] cj:yf ePdf To:tf] kbdf

ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/] afkt k"/f cÍ k|fKt gu/]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ klg ;DefJo

pDd]bjf/ sfod u/L a9'jf ul/g]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a9'jf ;ldltn]] bkmf & sf]

pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/df

a9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ubf{ b]xfosf] cfwf/df a9'jfsf] l;kmfl/; ug]{5 M–

-s_ kl5Nnf] tLg jif{sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf] cf};tdf kGrfgAa] k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf

a9L c+s k|fKt u/]sf],

-v_ ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"xsf] /fhkq cglÍt låtLo >]0fLsf] nflu tf]lsPsf]

Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf xfl;n u/]sf], /

-u_ >]0fL ljlxg kbdf jf /fhkq cglÍt kfFrf}+ >]0fLsf] kbdf cfj4 ePsf

pDd]bjf/nfO{ >]0fL ljlxg kbdf u/]sf] ;]jf cjlw ;d]t u0fgf u/L sDtLdf s'n

;]jf cjlw aL; jif{ k"/f ePsf pDd]bjf/x? dWo] ;a}eGbf a9L ;]jf cjlw ePsf]

.

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ sf] pkv08 -#_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z adf]lhdsf

;DefJo pDd]bjf/ a9'jf ePdf To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] h]i7tf ;f]xL pkbkmf adf]lhd

a9'jf x'g] cGo sd{rf/L eGbf kl5 x'g] u/L sfod ul/g]5 .

-$_ o; cWofb]z adf]lhd a9'jf ubf{ o; bkmf adf]lhd ul/g] a9'jfsf] sf/jfxL ;DkGg

u/L l;kmfl/; u/]kl5 sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"NofÍgåf/f ul/g] a9'jfsf] l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5

.

@$3!v= sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;dfof]hg

;DaGwL Joj:yf M

-!_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'g' eGbf cl3 sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf ePsf

sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hgsf] nflu ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfnon]

of] bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] Ps dlxgfleq ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf

cfof]udf k'n b/jGbL l;h{gf u/L To;/L a9'jf ePsf tyf x'g] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{

To:tf] b/jGbLdf ;dfof]hg kb:yfkgf ug]{5 .

-@_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'g' eGbf cufj} sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f x'g]

a9'jfsf] nflu b/vf:t cfx\jfg eO{ a9'jf lgo'lQm kfpg afFsL /x]sf] tyf of] bkmf

k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f x'g]

a9'jfsf] nflu b/vf:t cfx\jfg eO{ a9'jf x'g] sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hgsf] nflu

;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfnon] ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf

cfof]udf k'n b/jGbL l;h{gf u/L To;/L a9'jf ePsf tyf x'g] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{

To:tf] b/jGbLdf ;dfof]hg kb:yfkg ug]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o;/L a9'jf ePsf tyf

x'g] sd{rf/Lx? lghfdtL ;]jfsf] b/jGbL g/x]sf] lgsfodf sfo{/t /x]sf] ePdf

To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] b/jGbL ePsf] lgsfodf k'n b/jGbL l;h{gf u/L To:tf]

b/jGbLdf ;dfof]hg kb:yfkg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd ;dfof]hg kb:yfkg ePkl5 lghx? a9'jf x'g'

eGbf cufl8 axfn /x]sf] kb :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd ;dfof]hg kb:yfkg ePsf] b'O{ dlxgfleq

;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf cfof]un] ;fljssf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/jGbLsf]

k'g/fjnf]sg u/L sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf ePsf tyf x'g]

sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ b/jGbLsf] :t/ pGglt / yk

b/jGbLsf] olsg u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

o;/L k7fOg] ljj/0fdf ;fljssf] b/jGbL, sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f

a9'jf ePsf] tyf x'g] sd{rf/Lsf] ljj/0f tyf k'gM;+/rgf u/L ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg]

b/jGbLsf] ljj/0f v'nfO k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k|fKt eP kl5 ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] ;f]sf]

ljZn]if0f u/L pko'Qm 7x/fPsf] b/jGbL Ps dlxgfleq :jLs[t ug]{5 .

-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd b/jGbL :jLs[t ePkl5 ;+zf]lwt b/jGbL ljj/0f lghfdtL

lstfjvfgfaf6 cBfjlws u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd lghfdtL lstfjvfgfaf6 b/jGbL ljj/0f cBfjlws eP kl5

pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd :jLs[t ePsf] b/jGbLdf ;]jf, ;d"x tyf pk;d"x ;~rfng

ug]{ dGqfnon] pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] of]Uotfqmd ;"rL dWo] dflyNnf]

of]Uotfqmddf kg]{ sd{rf/Lx?sf] ?rL tyf rfxgfsf] k|fyldstfqmd lgwf{/0f ug{

nufO{ kb:yfkg ug]{5 .

-(_ pkbkmf -*_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfnon]

;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"xsf sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf

ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] of]Uotfqmd ;"rL tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . o;/L of]Uotfqmdsf]

;"rL tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf] cfwf/df tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–

-s_ xfn axfn /x]sf] >]0fLsf] kbdf Ho]i7tf nfu" ePsf] ldltsf] cfwf/df,

-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd Ho]i7tf g5'l§Pdf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbdf lgo'lQm jf a9'jf

lg0f{o ePsf] ldltsf] cfwf/df,

-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvt cfwf/af6 Ho]i7tf g5'l§Pdf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf]

kbsf] nflu nf]s ;]jf cfof]u jf a9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] of]Uotfqmdsf]

cfwf/df,

-3_ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd Ho]i7tf g5'l§Pdf pd]/sf] Ho]i7tfsf] cfwf/df .

-!)_ pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd kb:yfkg ePkl5 To:tf] k'n b/jGbL :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .

-!!_ o; cWofb]zdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -

#_ adf]lhd k'n b/jGbLdf /x]sf sd{rf/Lx? pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd kb:yfkg geO{

cGoq ;?jf x'g] 5}g .

-!@_ o; cWofb]zdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd

kb:yfkg ePsf] sfof{nodf bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw k"/f geO{

s'g} klg sd{rf/LnfO{ cGoq ;?jf ul/g] tyf sfh v6fOg] 5}g .

-!#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; bkmf adf]lhd x'g]

;dfof]hg kb:yfkgn] o; bkmf adf]lhd l;h{gf ePsf] kb afx]s cGo l/Qm

kbdf bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kbk"lt{ ug]{ Joj:yfdf s'g} k|lts"n c;/

k'¥ofpg] 5}g .Æ

(= d"n P]gdf bkmf #&s= yk M d"n P]gsf] bkmf #& kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf #&s= ylkPsf]

5 M–

æ#&s= ;]jf cjlw u0fgf x'g] M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -!$_ adf]lhd :yfoL lgo'lQm kfPsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] of]

bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] ;f7L lbgleq lghn] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] :yfoL lgo'lQm

lng'eGbf cl3 u/]sf] ljsf; tk{msf] kbdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf u/]sf] ;]jf cjlw hf]8fpg

lgj]bg lbPdf To:tf] ;]jf cjlwsf] zt k|ltzt ;]jf cjlw lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfgsf]

k|of]hgsf] nflu xfnsf] ;]jf cjlwdf u0fgf ul/g]5 .Æ

!)= vf/]hL M d"n P]gsf] bkmf @$3!= vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .