zaragoza factory drives application en

8/10/2019 Zaragoza Factory Drives Application En

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ABB Group 2009

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Dry type transformers ZaragozaDrives application


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ABB Group 2009

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Variable speed drives

Specialized transformer

Effects of harmonics in transformersSpecial design

Examples

Index


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ABB Group 2009

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ABB is the worlds leading supplier of AC drive products and systems for

industrial use, commercial and residential applications, improving

manageability, efficiency and energy economical processes.

Variable speed drives I


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ABB Group 2009

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Metals

Marine

CementMining and Minerals

Variable speed drives IIDrives applications

Power Generation

Pulp and Paper

Oil and Gas

Petrochemical

Water Plants

And many more


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ABB Group 2009

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ABB AC Drives know-how, experience of

industrial and utility applications and

flexibility to build complete packages

according to customer needs.

Deep cooperationbetween ABB divisions

by achieving standard added value

solutions:

Simplifies equipment supply process,

installation and commission.

Shorter delivery time.

Benefits to end users.

Assures successful function of wholepackage.

Variable speed drives IIIABB standard solutions

Customer feels safe in ABB hands


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ABB Group 2009

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ABB has the most

comprehensive drive familyin

the market with the most

advanced and proven technology

available.

AC drives can be connectedto

most rotating machines, which inturn, improve process control

flexibility, accuracy, productivity,

reliability and energy efficiency.

AC Drives is a product family

with a wide selection of products

and high technology, suited for

several application areas:

pumps, fans, compressors,

conveyors, mills, thrusters,

drilling packages, gas turbines,

extruders, mixers, propulsion,

hoist.

Variable speed drives IVABB variable speed drives

Devices used to vary the speed of

AC Motors


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ABB Group 2009

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Two and three winding

transformers.

30 shift for 12-pulse operation

(three-winding transformers).

Maximum symmetry must be

guaranteed between the

secondary windings.

Electrostatic screen between

primary and secondary windings.

Transformers designed to

withstand the harmonic content

of the network.

Variable speed drives VACS 800 (high and low harmonic content)

Vacuum cast coil transformer characteristics:

Manufactured according to IEC 60076-11, IEC 60146-1-3, IEC 61378-1


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ABB Group 2009

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Variable speed drives VIACS 1000

Vacuum cast coil transformercharacteristics:

Manufactured according to IEC

60076-11, IEC 60146-1-3, IEC

61378-1

Three-winding, dry type transformer.

Electrostatic screen between primary

and secondary windings.

- 4 . 0

- 3 . 5

- 3 . 0

- 2 . 5

- 2 . 0

- 1 . 5

- 1 . 0

- 0 . 5

0. 0

0. 5

1. 0

1. 5

2. 0

2. 5

3. 0

3. 5

4. 0

4. 5

5. 0

5. 5

6. 0

kV

0 1 0 2 0

m s e c

V O f f s e t

V Se c

V C o m m o n

Example of common modevoltage wave form, measured on

the secondary side phase to

ground.

Secondary windings designed and testedwith a superior insulation level.

Maximum symmetry guaranteed betweensecondary windings.

Cross divisional cooperation within ABB inorder to design the optimum transformersfor the ACS1000 application.


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ABB Group 2009

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Variable speed drives VIIIACS 5000


Manufactured according to IEC 60076-11,IEC 60146-1-3, IEC 61378-1.

2 x four windings dry type transformers, tooperate with a 36 pulse generator.

Electrostatic screen between primary andsecondary windings.

Secondary windings designed and testedwith a superior insulation level.

Maximum symmetry guaranteed betweensecondary windings.


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ABB Group 2009

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Variable speed drives IXACS 6000

Options:

6-pulse: two windings dry type

transformer. Casted secondary windings.

12-pulse: 2 x two windings dry type

transformers. Casted secondary

windings.

18-pulse: 3 x two windings serial

connected dry type transformers. Casted

secondary windings.

Additionally transformers for the

ACS6000 ARU are designed and tested

with a superior insulation level.


Manufactured according to IEC60076-11, IEC 60146-1-3, IEC61378-1.


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ABB Group 2009

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Transformers for drivesApplications

These transformers for VSD are used inseveralapplications such as:

Traction

Propulsion

Rectification

Excitation


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ABB Group 2009

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Transformers for variable speed drives, are non standardtransformers due to the

distortion created by harmonics:

Harmonics from rectifiers.

Overvoltages during transients.

Due to these factors, this transformer type requires a special design.

Specialized transformersNon-standard transformers


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ABB Group 2009

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Effects of harmonics in transformers I

Harmonics aredistortionsof the mains supply occurring at multiples

of the supply frequency. Any equipment which uses electronics tochange one voltage and / or frequency to another will generate

harmonic currents and consequently voltage distortion.


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ABB Group 2009

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Switching the line current with linefrequency or its multiple by

means of electronic switches.

No-linear impedance.

Current dependant

resistances: Arc furnaces,welding machines, fluorescent

lamps

Voltage dependant

inductance: Transformers and

core reactors.

Switching on saturableinductance as induction

motors or transformers.

Effects of harmonics in transformers IISource of current harmonics

Non linear load generate harmonics


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ABB Group 2009

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Effects of voltage harmonics.

Increase of no load losses.

Increase of noise level.

Generated voltage shape is not fully

sinusoidal.

Effects of current harmonics.

Increase of load losses.

Local overheating due to uneven

distribution of the eddy losses.

Eventually resonance over voltages.

Effects of harmonics in transformers III


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ABB Group 2009

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Evaluation of harmonic content

Total harmonic distortion factor:

The quotient of the r.m.s. value of the sum of all the harmonic

components up to a specific order and the r.m.s. value of the

fundamental component:

The limitation of THD is aimed to prevent the simultaneous

presence of several harmonics components with high amplitude.

Effects of harmonics in transformers IV

=

=

=Hh

h Q

QhTHD2

2

1


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ABB Group 2009

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Special design II

In order to avoid capacitate coupling between high voltage and low voltage and

to protect the power electronics devices on low voltage side from over voltages in

HV side, it is recommended to place an electrostatic shield between high voltage

and low voltage windings.

In some cases (i.e. ACS1000), due to floating systems or high du/dt,

higher insulation levels on low voltage windings are needed.


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ABB Group 2009

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Special design III

In case of three or more winding transformers the following points

must be considered:

The low voltage winding placed at top position must be overrated because of its worse cooling (hot cooling air coming from

the bottom low voltage winding).


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ABB Group 2009

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Dry type vacuum cast coil

Dry type transformers

serving drives for customer

satisfaction.


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ABB Group 2009

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zaragoza factory drives application en

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