zagreb, september 20041 ahyco: an approach to a web-based learning and testing system nataša...

Zagreb, September 2004 1

AHyCo:an Approach to a Web-Based Learning and Testing System

Nataša Hoić-Božić,[email protected] of Philosophy, University of Rijeka

Vedran Mornar [email protected] of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb

4th Workshop “Software Engineering Education and Reverse Engineering”Zagreb 5 – 12 September 2004


Introduction

Enhancing traditional computer-aided education by using the hypermedia paradigm

Web-based hypermedia system in education Advantages:

More activity from students Improve student’s motivation Easier learning

Disadvantage: “Get lost in hyperspace” problem


Adaptive hypermedia system

Adaptive hypermedia system (AHS): Hypermedia (or hypertext) system User model Adapting the hypermedia content by using the

user model Adaptive presentation and adaptive

navigation support Most important shortcoming: authoring

component


Structure of AHyCo AHS

AHyCo - Adaptive Hypermedia Courseware Web-based adaptive educational

hypermedia system Authoring environment and Web-based

learning environment Adaptive navigation support and lessons

sequencing


Model of AHyCo system Model consists of:

Domain model (DM) - the structure of learning domain Student model (SM) - student's knowledge of the

learning concepts Adaptation model (AM) - rules for adaptation

DOMAIN MODEL

STUDENT MODEL

ADAPTATION MODEL

HYPERMEDIA COMPONENT &

USER INTERFACE

USER


Domain model

DM describes the structure of the learning domain

Two-level structure:1. Graph of concepts (lessons Ci and tests Tj)

2. Graph of modules Mk course

Suitable for storing learning materials from different areas (computer science, mathematics, medicine, art, etc.)

Concept-oriented structure of the knowledge


Concepts from domain model Concepts - elementary pieces of knowledge for

the given domain Links - prerequisite relationships between

concepts or modules Ci Cj - “concept Ci should be learned before

concept Cj"

Two types of concepts: Lessons Ci

Tests Tj

C1

C2

C3

C4

T1C0


Concept - lesson Ci

Presents the subject matter, introduces new learning concepts, presents examples,...

Definition of lesson Ci includes: Set of multimedia fragments that represent the content of

the lesson (text and graphics, sound, animation, video) Set of prerequisite concepts

Set of questions Qi related to the lesson

Weight of the lesson wci

Minimum acceptable knowledge level for MYCIN model lMyi


Concept - test Tj

Test contains the questions about the domain lessons

Definition of test Tj includes:

Set of prerequisite lessons, PTj: Tj will contain the

questions related to lessons from PTj

Total number of questions nj

Set of configuration rules Nj that specify how many

questions for each lesson Ci should be placed into

the test


Questions

Multiple-choice single/multiple answer questions related to the lesson Stem - a set of hypermedia fragments Set of offered answers Index of the correct answer Weight of the question q

Two kinds of questions: Hypermedia questions Parameterized questions


Module

Related concepts are grouped into modules Mk

Easier navigation through the learning material

Definition of module Mk includes: Set of concepts Set of prerequisite modules

Minimum acceptable knowledge for module lmk


The course student has enrolled Directed graph of modules or course

C1

C2

C3

T1

C5

C0

M1

T2

C0

C1

C2

C3

M2

T2

C0

C3

C4

M3

T2

C0

C1

C2

M4

T2

C4

T1

T1

C1

C2

An example of a courseware with 4 modules


SM represents the student's knowledge of the learning concepts

two-level overlay model

2. modules Mk kmk - student’s

knowledge value kmk = kj * wcj

Student model and testing

1. lessons Ci ri - estimate about the

student’s reading ki - student’s knowledge

of the concept Ci

(MYCIN)

C1

C5

M1

C2

C3

C4

C0


Adaptation model

AM describes the rules for adaptive navigation: “pedagogical rules”

Classification of the concepts: completely recommended concepts recomended concepts learned concepts not recommended concepts concepts for repetition

Adaptive annotation technique: various colours for each concept types


Adaptive navigation

Navigation within the module Traversing of a directed graph following the

suggested hyperlinks Navigation between the modules

Tests or quizzes Tj to check the students’ knowledge

When student reaches the marginal knowledge level kmk, hyperlinks to other modules become active

Student could proceed to the next module


Components of AHyCo

System components:1. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 database2. Microsoft Access forms - interface for authors3. Midle-tier component - communication between Web

application and database4. Microsoft ASP.NET C# Web application - learning

environment

Webbrowser

Student

sapzasMS SQLdatabase

top.pefri.hrMS IIS server

AHyCo ASP.NETWeb application

RequestWeb page

Return Webpage

pCWSapzas VB.NETcomponent

Requestqueries

Returnqueryresults

MS Access XPinterface

Updating DBRequest DB info Return DB info

Teacher


Authoring component

Microsoft Access forms as an interface for authors to the MS SQL 2000 database

Main steps in the process of authoring:1. Creating hypermedia lessons

2. Creating questions

3. Designing tests

4. Creating module

5. Creating graph of concepts

6. Creating course


Example: Creating hypermedia lesson Lessons as Word objects in database and sets

of HTML documents


Example: Creating parameterized question


Example: Creating graph of concepts Graph based on prerequisite relationships

between the concepts


AHyCo learning environment

http://ahyco.fer.hrhttp://localhost/ahyco


Example: Web page with lesson


Example: Web page with question


Future plans

Evaluation of the learning environment Structuring and preparing the courseware for

several courses on FER and FFRI Further development of the testing

environment Adding more question types Incorporating the problem questions

Further development of the authoring environment Verification with the teachers

zagreb, september 20041 ahyco: an approach to a web-based learning and testing system nataša...

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