• You have 5 minutes after the bell to complete. Turn in all bell ringers on Turn in all bell ringers on stool. stool.

• Write questions and answers, as always.

• 1. What was one important trade item for the Ancient Chinese?

• 2. What does Dao mean?

• 3. What is a bureaucracy?

Chapter 7: Early China

Section 2: Life in Ancient China

(pages 232-239)

Did You Know???

• Taoists believe the only acceptable time to inflict harm on another living creature is in self-defense.

I. Life in Ancient China (pages 233-235)

A. A social class includes people who share a similar position in society. Chinese had three main social classes: aristocrats, farmers, and merchants.

B. Aristocrats grew rich from farmers who grew crops on the land the aristocrats owned.

C. Most Chinese people were farmers. Farmers paid aristocrats with part of their crops.

D. Merchants were in the lowest class. They grew rich but were still looked down on by aristocrats and farmers.

E. Chinese families were large, and children were expected to work on farms.

F. Filial piety means children had to respect their parents and elders.

G. Men were considered more important than women in Chinese society. Men went to school, ran the government, and fought wars. Women raised children and managed households.

II. Chinese Thinkers (pages 235-239)

A. Three major theories—Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism—were developed to reinstate peace after the Period of Warring States.

B. Confucius was a great thinker and teacher, who believed that people needed some sense of duty.

C. Confucianism taught that all men with a talent for government should take part in government.

The Golden rule- Do unto others as you would have others do unto you.

D. Daoism teaches that people should give up worldly desires and encourages the importance of nature. Daoism was created by the scholar and teacher Laozi.(Lowd Zoo)

E. Legalism is the belief that society needs a system of harsh laws and punishments. The scholar Hanfeizi developed Legalism.

People are naturally bad and need harsh rules.

• What are the differences betwenn legalism and Daoism?

• What is the Golden Rule?

• How did farmers pay the aristocrats?

• Which group was on the lowest social class?

• What is filial piety?