year 8 science exam revision 2019 what do i need to know...

Year 8 Science – Exam Revision 2019

What do I need to know for the Science Exam? These are the topics we have studied this year that will be included on the exam.

TOPIC TOPIC

1. Science investigations 4. Surviving

2. Rocks and minerals

3. Cells

Science investigations

1. Which statement best describes scientists?

a. Scientists are people who wear white coats and thick glasses.

b. Scientists are people who work in laboratories.

c. Scientists investigate new substances made by mixing different chemicals.

d. Scientists ask ‘How, what and why?’ and use written resources and experiments

to find answers.

2. A series of experiments all investigating the one topic is called:

a. observation

b. research

c. explanation

d. hypothesising.

3. A student is designing an experiment to test the quality of scones baked in an oven.

Which of the following is the least logical variable for this experiment?

a. the size of each scone

b. the length of time the scones are in the oven

c. the day of the week when the experiment is performed

d. the temperature of the oven

4. Something that has the potential to put your health and safety at risk is known in

the science lab as:

a. a hazard

b. corrosive

c. chemically unsafe

d. a conundrum

5. What should you wear in the lab to protect yourself when conducting experiments?


a. Lab coats, safety glasses, helmet

b. Lab coast, safety glasses, gloves

c. Lab coats, open toed shoes, gloves

d. Lab coats, helmet, gloves

6. A __________ is something that can affect the results of an experiment.

a. Logbook

b. Variable

c. Result

d. hypothesis

7. What is the best way to dispose of non-toxic solid materials used in an experiment?

a. Compost them in the garden

b. Wash them down the sink

c. Put them in the bin

d. Leave them for the next person to deal with

8. Scientists are required to design an experiment that can be repeated by other scientists, and to control all variables in the experiment. This is referred to as:

a. unfair testing.

b. plagiarism.

c. dependent variable.

d. fair testing.

9. What is the correct way to smell things in the laboratory?

a. Wait for you teacher to tell you it is safe, and then use your hand to waft the

smell towards your nose.

b. There is no correct way, just smell things as normal.

c. Wait for you teacher to tell you it is safe, and then put your nose inside the test

tube, flask or beaker to inhale.

d. It is never safe to smell things in the laboratory.


10. The independent variable in an experiment is the variable that:

a. is tested at the end.

b. is deliberately changed.

c. is tested in a separate experiment.

d. is kept the same.

11. You are conducting an experiment to determine the relationship between the starting temperature of water and the time taken for jelly to set once the crystals are added to the water. The hypothesis is IF the water were cooler THEN the jelly will set faster.

Write a possible method to test this hypothesis.

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12. Identify five variables that should be controlled in the experiment you have outlined above.

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13. Why is it important to control variables in a scientific investigation?

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14. Explain, with the aid of a diagram, how to safely heat a liquid in a test tube using a

Bunsen burner. Ensure all relevant safety rules are included in your explanation.

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15. Look at each of the graphs below and answer the questions.

a. Which plant would you purchase if you had a sunny position in your garden?

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b. Which plant grows the best in shaded areas?

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Jane and Greg wanted to test how quickly water boiled when using either a blue or a yellow flame of the Bunsen burner.

They set up identical experiments, except that Jane used a blue flame and Greg used a yellow flame.

c. How long did it take for Jane’s water to boil? ________________________________

d. What was the temperature of Greg’s water when Jane’s water boiled? ___________

e. Greg swapped Bunsen burners after Jane’s water boiled. Predict how long it would

take Greg to boil his water. ______________________________________________

f. What percentage of Australians aged 20 years and older are obese? ____________________

g. Why do you think Australia’s obesity levels have increased by 81% since 1980?

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Rocks and minerals 1. Rocks that form from cooling magma underground are called:

a. extrusive metamorphic rocks.

b. intrusive metamorphic rocks.

c. extrusive igneous rocks.

d. intrusive igneous rocks.

2. The rock cycle shows how:

a. metamorphic rocks are formed from sedimentary rocks, which are formed

from igneous rocks.

b. weathering and erosion eventually break down all rocks and one day there

won’t be any rocks left.

c. the Earth’s minerals are continually recycled between igneous, sedimentary

and metamorphic rocks.

d. sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks are formed from unrelated

processes.

3. Human activities, including the construction of buildings, roads and pavements have

altered the rate of the rock cycle. Which of the following geological process could be

attributed to human activities?

a. Increased flooding and soil erosion.

b. Increased formation of metamorphic rocks.

c. Decreased volcanic activity resulting in fewer igneous rocks

d. Decreased chemical weathering due to rain.

4. Precious gemstones are usually 8 or higher on the Mohs scale of hardness. These

properties explain why gemstones:

a. break smoothly along predictable, straight planes.

b. allow light to pass through them.

c. can be easily cut into any shape.

d. do not scratch easily and hold their polished surfaces for a very long time.

5. Which one of the following best defines a mineral?

a. Another name for gemstones.

b. A naturally occurring crystalline chemical compound with a specific composition.

c. Any naturally occurring metal compound.

d. A rock that contains very high amounts of a metal or other valuable substance.


6. Lava is the name given to magma when:

a. it is under a volcano.

b. it cools to become igneous rock.

c. it has just been melted.

d. it reaches the Earth’s surface.

7. Sedimentary rock is made up of layers of compacted sediments. Sediments are rock

particles such as __________, __________ or __________.

a. sand, water, pebbles

b. mud, water, pebbles

c. mud, sand, pebbles

d. mud, sand, water

8. What happens during the process of weathering?

a. rocks and minerals wear down over time purely because of their age

b. rocks and minerals are usually weathered because of animal interference

c. rocks and minerals develop hardened layers on their surface to protect themselves

from weather

d. rocks and mineral break down through the movement of water, wind and extremes

of temperature

9. Geologists identify minerals according to properties such as:

a. streak, water content and value.

b. lustre, size and crystallites

c. hardness, value and lustre.

d. Lustre, streak and hardness

10. Conglomerates are:

a. rocks that work together to form a structure.

b. rocks that are formed by large crystals.

c. rocks made up of smaller rocks that have become cemented together.

d. rocks that are speckled because of the minerals within them


11. Use the table below to identify the rocks based on their description.

a I am dark in colour, am soft and have a fine grain size. Some say I look like black glass.

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b I have a course gain, am soft and light in colour. Sometimes I look pink and other times I look white.

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c I am fine grained, have larger crystals and am light in colour. I am also very hard, with approximately one and a half times the density of water.

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12. Use the following terms to identify the layers of the Earth.

Im inner core mantle outer core crust


13. What does it mean if a mineral has a hardness of one on Mohs scale of

hardness?

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14. Complete the table below to summarize what you know about igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.

15. Which of the processes ( A-F )in the diagram below involve:

a. weathering and erosion? ___________________________________________

b. heat and pressure? ________________________________________________

c. remelting? _______________________________________________________


Cells 1. A microscope has an eyepiece of magnification × 10. What magnification must the

lower lens have to produce an image with an overall magnification of × 200?

a. × 10

b. × 20

c. × 190

d. × 2000

2. The control center of a cell is its:

a. cytoplasm

b. mitochondrion

c. nucleus

d. vacuole.

3. Which of the following are found in both plant and animal cells?

a. mitochondria

b. cellulose

c. chloroplasts

d. algae

4. The part of the cell that controls the entry and exit of substances is the:

a. nucleus.

b. ribosomes

c. cell membrane

d. mitochondria.

5. Which organelle in a plant cell absorbs light for photosynthesis?

a. Ribosomes

b. Vacuoles

c. Mitochondria

d. Chloroplasts

6. Which one of the following statements about cell theory is incorrect?

a. Cells are the basic units of life.

b. A virus is a type of cell with a cell wall.

c. New cells are created from existing cells.

d. All living things are composed of cells.

7. Which part of a microscope is the specimen placed on?

a. Platform

b. Base

c. Objective

d. Stage


8. Which of the following statements concerning tiny organisms is correct?

a. Some organisms are made up of only one cell.

b. Even microscopic organisms contain a thousand cells at least.

c. The only type of single-celled organism is the amoeba.

d. Single-celled organisms can only exist in other cells.

9. You are viewing a specimen through a compound light microscope with a 5 eyepiece

magnification and a 20 objective lens magnification. What is the total magnification of your view?

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11 11

Eye piece, Course adjustment focus dial, Fine adjustment focus dial, mirror, stage,

objective lens, Tube, revolving nose piece, microscope slide


Chloroplasts, nucleus, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria, vacuole , DNA,

Golgi body


16. What are unicellular and multicellular organisms?

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17.

15


Surviving 1. How much fluid does the digestive system produce each day?

a. 1 Litre

b. 2 Litres

c. 8 Litres

d. 16 Litres

2. The liver may be described as:

a. a J-shaped organ

b. the toxic processor

c. the smallest digestive organ

d. the longest organ.

3. When matter is moved more slowly than usual through the digestive system, which

of the following is more likely to occur?

a. Diarrhoea

b. heartburn

c. constipation

d. vomiting

4. Dehydration occurs when:

a. you drink water

b. you are lacking water

c. you add water to a food, such as dried peas

d. you remove water from food by heating it.

5. You need fibre because:

a. it contains large amounts of vitamins and minerals

b. it provides bulk that helps move substances through the digestive system

c. it is the major source of energy in foods

d. it is used for growth and repair.

6. Blood contains:

a. plasma, cells and platelets

b. only red blood cells

c. either A, B or O cells

d. fibrin, pikelets and cells.

e.


7. The human heart:

a. is about the size of your head

b. pumps about a litre of blood every minute

c. is where oxygen is added to blood

d. is really two pumps joined together.

8. The tubular muscle that forces food down to the stomach is called the:

a. oesophagus.

b. tongue.

c. liver.

d. pancreas.

9. Asthma and emphysema are both problems in the

a. Digestive system

b. Nervous system

c. Excretory system

d. Respiratory system

10. The organ responsible for the metabolism of waste substances is called the:

a. Stomach

a. Liver

b. Alveoli

c. Diaphragm

11. Name one system of the human body and explain what it does.

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12. Name a main organ in the human:

a. nervous system ______________________________________________________

b. circulatory system ____________________________________________________

c. digestive system _____________________________________________________

d. respiratory system ___________________________________________________


13. Compare arteries, veins and capillaries.

arteries_____________________________________________________________veins_______________________________________________________________capillaries___________________________________________________________

14. Explain the difference between chemical and physical digestion of food and give an

example where each occurs in your body.

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15. Name a digestive system disorder that can be experienced by the human body and

describe how it can affect a person’s lifestyle.

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16. Identify the parts of the digestive system in the diagram below.

17. Why is the heart muscle often referred to as being two pumps in one?

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Rectum, Pancreas, Oesophagus, Liver, Mouth, Stomach, Large intestine, Small intestine,


18. Draw a diagram of the heart and then using the word list label the various parts of the heart.

19. Label the diagram of the respiratory system using the word list provided.

Left Ventricle, Aorta, Right Atrium, Valves, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium,

Pulmonary Artery, Vena Cava, Pulmonary Vein, Septum,

Trachea

Bronchioles

Left lung

Alveoli

Bronchus

Ribs

Diaphragm

year 8 science exam revision 2019 what do i need to know...

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