year 1 history marvellous me!
TRANSCRIPT
Now
Modern
Britain
MARVELLOUS ME!Year 1
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-
Saxons
andScots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-
Saxons
andVikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
1896 Woodside Library opened
1911 Job Garratt fountain revealed
1982 Round Oak Steelworks closed
1985 Merry Hill Shopping Centre opened
1953 Highgate Primary School opened
2008 Woodside library closed
2008 Highgate School changed its name to Woodside
2021 Woodside Library moved to Black Country Museum
To know about significant historical events, people and places in own localityKey Vocabulary and Phrases
Brierley Hill The name of our town
Dudley The name of our town and borough
Birmingham The name of our local big city
Black
Country
The name of the area where
Brierley Hill is found
mine A huge hole dug out of the earth to
find coal
iron works
steel works
A job with metal which was very
important in the past, in Brierley Hill
and Dudley
building A structure with a roof and walls
(house or factory)
factory A place where objects are made
library A building where you can borrow
books
decade Ten years
past A time that has already happened
history The study of the past
History
1870 Round Oak 1990 Merry Hill Woodside Library
Alderman
Job Garratt
1839-1908
Job Garratt joined Dudley Town
Council for Woodside in November
1872 and became Mayor in 1883.
One of the most important things
he took interest in was the Free
Library Movement. He played a
main part in establishing one for
Dudley and branches in Netherton
and Woodside. His statue now
stands on the fountain in
Woodside Park.
Then Now
The same then and now
When – Timeline of key
events
1950 Thomas Cook
promoted foreign
holidays by
aeroplane.
1960 People had two weeks
holiday from work
and were still paid.
1972 Spain became a
popular holiday
destination.
Now
Modern
Britain
BESIDE THE SEASIDEYear 1 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-
Saxons
andScots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-
Saxons
andVikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
Changes in seaside holidays
from when my grandparents
were children
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
holiday This words comes from
‘holy day’ because holidays
were taken during religious
festivals.
steam
train
A way people travelled in
the past so they could be by
the seaside.
Penny Lick A container that was filled
will a penny worth of ice-
cream
Punch and
Judy show
A popular puppet show
Brass
bands
A group of musicians who
played brass instruments
promenade A walkway that runs next
to the beach.
bathing
machines
People used to get changed
into their swim wear in one
of these, before going for a
swim in the sea.
Key Historical Person
Grace Darling was daughter of a
lighthouse keeper.
Why is she remembered?
On the 7th September 1938, there was a storm. A boat crashed into
the rocks. Grace and her father rowed a boat to those who were stuck
in the water. Grace and her father saved 9 lives. They were awarded
a silver medal from the RNLI for their bravery.
aeroplanesteam train
Punch and
Judy
ShowsPlaying in sand Donkey Rides
Steam powered
rides
electricity powered
rides
Fish and
Chips
Now
Modern
Britain
LONDON LIFEYear 2 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-
Saxons
andScots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-
Saxons
andVikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
Sunday 2nd
September 1666
1am – the fire begins.
3am – the Lord Mayor goes to look at the fire.
7am – the fire has spread
11am – the Mayor orders the pulling down of houses.
3pm – the King sails down the River Thames to observe the fire.
Monday 3rd
September 1666
The government order fire posts to be set up.
A group of school boys successfully hold back the fires.
Midday – the fire can be seen 60 miles away in Oxford.
Tuesday 4th
September 1666
The fire reaches its peak. It spread from Temple in the west, to the
Tower of London in the east (where gun powder was used to blow up
houses in order to stop the fire reaching the Tower).
11pm – the wind begins to die down.
Wednesday 5th
September 1666
The wind changes direction, blowing the fire towards the River
Thames.
Most of the remaining fires have been put out.
Thursday 6th
September 1666
The final fires are extinguished.
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
leather bucket container used for carrying water
squirt A handheld water pump
fire posts Areas set up to organise people to
fire fight from
fire hook A metal pole with a hooked end that
was used for pulling down buildings
that were on fire
gun powder An explosive powder used to blow up
buildings
thatched roof Dried straw tied tightly together
and laid on the roof of a building
wattle and
daub
Animal waste, straw and mud used
to make walls of buildings
timber frame A wooden frame of a building that
made the walls
cathedral the main church of a diocese which
has a bishop
diocese An area that a church serves
government A group of people who rule a
country
extinguish To put out or stop burning
To know about events that are significant nationally or globally
Why is the Great Fire of London a significant event?
It cleansed the city of disease and a new London was built.
The national fire service was improved.
New regulations (rules) were created for the safer construction of buildings.
How do we know about
the past?
Samuel Pepys kept an
eyewitness diary of events
LONDON LIFEYear 2 History
Now
Modern
BritainStone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
1837 Victoria became Queen Victoria
1841 The Great Western Railway began. A four hour
journey from Bristol to London.
1842 The Miners Act - Children under the age of 10
stopped working in mines.
1844 The Factory Act - Stopped children aged 8-13
working over 6 and a half hours per day.
1850 Workhouses opened. These helped the poorest people,
who had no money. In the return for labour, the
workers were given a bed and basic food.
1864 Laws ban boys under 10 working as chimney sweeps.
1870 Schools opened for 6-10 year olds.
1878 First public electric lighting in London
1880 Education Act - compulsory schooling for all
children aged 5-10.
1891 Free education for 5-13 year olds.
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
British
Empire
Countries ruled by Britain. Later becomes the
Commonwealth.
factory
commission
A group of men who travelled from Britain to
investigate the working conditions of children in
factories and mines
governess A woman, who taught rich girls and boys, as a
paid, live-in servant
Industrial
Revolution
The era of rapid and great change in industry
and manufacturing with the growth of
factories, beginning in the late 1700’s
ragged
schools
A school for poor children in the early 19th
century
reformer A person who seeks change for the better, to help
others.
slates Used for writing – with a slate pencil.
workhouse A place where people without means of support
were sent to live, they got food and a bed in
return for work.
monarchy A form of government with a king or queen at
the head. A king or queen is the Head of State.
reign A period of time when the monarch rules.
century 100 years
Significant individuals who have contributed to
national and international achievements
Queen Victoria
reigned during the
time of industrial
expansion, educational
advances and the
abolition of slavery
and workers’ welfare.
Queen Elizabeth 1 reigned during stability and
prosperity – everything was calm and the
country was getting rich .
She re-established the Church of England.
It was known as the Golden Age because the
arts had chance to develop.
English music went through important changes.
New musical instruments—the early violin, the
harpsichord, the oboe, and others—were being
used together to produce complex sounds.
When – Timeline of key events
c1530s Earliest evidence of the existence of
violins in painting by Ferrari
1533 Elizabeth became Queen Elizabeth
1588 Defeated the Spanish Armada and
maintained peace within the one
divided country
Her favourite court
painter, Nicholas
Hilliard (c1547–1619),
is best known for his
miniature paintings.
KEEPING HEALTHYYear 2 History
Now
Modern
BritainStone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
23.11.1805 Mary Seacole born in Jamaica
12.5.1820 Florence Nightingale born in
Italy
Nov 1854 Florence arrived in Crimea and
found soldiers being poorly
cared for, overworked medical
staff, medicines in short supply
and no equipment to prepare
food.
1855 Mary Seacole spent her own
money to travel to the Crimea.
She started her own hospital
called ‘The British Hotel’ to help
sick and injured soldiers.
1857 Mary returns to England
homeless. The army general
and soldiers were disgusted so a
fund raising gala was held over
4 nights in London and
thousands of people attended
9.7.1860 Nightingale Training School set
up at St Thomas’ Hospital
14.5.1881 Mary Seacole died
13.8.1910 Florence Nightingale died
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
hygiene keeping clean to prevent the spread of illnesses
sanitisation To reduce germs to a safe level
medicines Used to treat illnesses
herbal Food or medicines made using herbs
herb A type of plant
remedies A medicine or treatment of illness or injury
injury Can be a wound, cut, bruise or break of part
of the body
legacy The mark a person leaves on the rest of the
world
Significant individuals who have contributed to national
and international achievements
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale, also known as The Lamp with the
Lamp, worked as a nurse during the Crimean War. She is
a founder of modern day nursing and trained other
nurses. She made hospitals cleaner places to stay to stop
the spread of illnesses. A lot more patients recovered
because of the better care that they received. I883 she
was awarded the Royal Red Cross by Queen Victoria.
Today nurses can receive a Florence Nightingale medal for
providing good care during war. During the Covid-19
pandemic temporary NHS Nightingale Hospitals were set up
International Nurses Day is celebrated every year on 12th
May – her birthday
Mary Seacole
Mary’s mother was a healer in Jamaica. She taught Mary many
of her skills using traditional Jamaican herbal medicines. Mary
used these during the Crimean War and are still used today. For
example:
Aloe Vera – mixed to help heal cuts and wounds
Lemongrass – boiled to help fever
Ginger – ground to help diarrhoea
Lemons- mixed to help coughs
Okra – chopped to help heal boils
A charity called The Mary Seacole Trust was set up to educate
the public about her life, work and achievements. There are
statues of her in London and many building in Jamaica named
after her.
Now
Modern
Britain
BRITAIN’S BEGINNINGSYear 3 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-
Saxons
andScots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-
Saxons
andVikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
814,000BCE Earlier footprints and evidence of flints made into tools, in
Britain
40,000BCE Homo Sapiens arrived in Britain
33,000BCE Ice Age drove humans out of Britain
11,000BCE Humans returned to Britain
6,000BCE Doggerland flooded, forming the English Channel, cutting off
Britain from the rest of Europe
4400BCE People began to settle across Britain. The beginning of farming
3180BCE Village built at Skara Brae, in the Orkney Islands, in Scotland
2200BCE Bronze Age began in Britain – evidence of travel over sea by
boat to trade copper, tin and salt
2,000BCE Stonehenge was completed (evidence of religion and culture).
Fields with stone walls were built
1,200BCE First hillforts - evidence of tribal kingdoms
800BCE The Iron Age began
120BCE Coins were used for the first time, in Britain
55BCE Britons in war-chariots defeated the Romans
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
prehistory The period of time in the past before people
could write
human We are human but there have been
different ‘types’ of human, over time,
including Neanderthals
Homo
sapiens
The scientific name for modern humans.
Homo means ‘man’ and sapiens means ‘wise’
hunter
gatherers
Groups of people who get food by hunting,
fishing, and foraging rather than by
farming
climate The weather conditions in an area over a
long period of time (during the last ice age,
the climate in Britain was extremely cold)
tools The first stone tools were made 3.3 million
years ago
village A group of houses where people choose to live
near each other
agriculture Farming
Stonehenge A group of standing stones on Salisbury
Plain in southern England
fossil The preserved remains of plants or animals
Significant events that have impacted upon life today from prehistoric times
include: the development of communities (Skara Brae), tribal kingdoms and
farming, religion (Stonehenge), technology and travel.
Round Houses
Stonehenge
Hillfort
When – Timeline of Key Events
1070 Dudley Castle was built
1646 Dudley Castle partly demolished
1768 Work began on constructing the canal
by James Brindley
1796 Chain making began in Netherton by
Noah Hingley
1840s The Black Country got its name -
either from the smoke from
factories, or the coal that was found
in this area
1850 First railways lines laid and
Parkhead railway viaduct constructed
using wood
1858 Brierley Hill railway station opened
1880 Parkhead viaduct rebuilt using bricks
1912 The Titanic sank, with anchors and
chains made in Netherton
1962 Brierley Hill railway station closed
1968 The last colliery, in Baggeridge closed
1978 The Black Country Living Museum
opened to the public
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
Black
Country
A place in the West Midlands with no official
boundary lines. All of Dudley, parts of
Sandwell and Walsall are consider The Black
Country
castle a large building with high walls and towers
that was built in the past to protect against
attack
demolish deliberately breaking a building
smelting the process of removing pure metal from its
ore
canal waterways that are built by people.
locally know as ‘the cut’ due to the ground
being cut out by people
railway tracks that are laid by people for trains to
travel along
chain a series of metal links or rings
smoke a cloud of gas and dust that is caused by
burning
factory a building where objects are made
colliery a coal mine
museum a place where interesting objects from the past
are shown to the public
Now
Modern
Britain
BOSTIN’ BLACK COUNTRYYear 3 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-
Saxons
andScots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-
Saxons
andVikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
James Brindley
Titanic anchor in Netherton
Parkhead Viaduct, Holly Hall
Brierley Hill gets its
name from the Anglo
Saxon times:
‘Briar’ – Briar rose
that grew there
‘Leah’ – meaning
woodland
‘Hill’ – Same meaning
as today
A local history study tracing several aspects of national history
reflected in the locality.
Why do we have a canal network near Woodside? Why was
this network important? How has this changed over time?
Why were railway networks significant? How has this changed
over time? Are there any future plans for transportation
changes near Woodside? What impact will this have?
When – Timeline of key events
c. 2000BCE The Mayan civilisation emerges in Central America
c. 100BCE First city states appear and hierarchy emerges
c. 250CE The ‘classical’ period begins, urbanisation begins - city
states began to take over smaller neighbouring cities.
c. 300CE Mayan settlements become centres for trade across the
region. Good such as stone and chocolate are traded with
neighbouring city states.
c. 600CE Mayan settlements support an increasing population,
growing at a fast rate due to plentiful food supply.
c. 650CE Caracol, one of the main Mayan cities is increasingly
populated and expands over a large area becoming an
important centre.
c. 900CE Mayan centres become less important, perhaps because of a
widespread drought, but no clear reason has yet emerged.
1500CE Ships with Spanish explorers arrive. They brought diseases
with them which killed many Mayans.
1519CE Hernan Cortes - A Spanish explorer. Conquered the
Mayans and began to remove Mayan culture.
Key Facts
Priest Held the regular rituals surrounding
the temple possibly including
sacrifice.
Pharmacist Provided natural medicines which
kept the people very healthy.
Farmer Irrigated fields and provided food
for the city
Astronomy Very accurate charts of the moon
Sculpture Mainly of the human form
Architecture Stepped temples providing a route
into religion
Medicine Many natural cures still used today
Number
system
Developed independent of the Arabic
system. More advanced and logical
SWEET LIKE CHOCOLATE!Year 3 History
Stone Age
800,000BCE
Bronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Ancient
Greeks
500BCE
Ancient
Sumer
5000BCE
Indus
Valley
2500BCE
Ancient
Egypt
3300BCE
1600BCE
Shang
DynastyEarly
Islam
700CE
Mayan
900CE
Benin
A non-European society that provides a contrast with
British History. Compare to the Anglo-Saxon times
(introduction to key aspects) – settlements, religion,
trade and invasions,
1st Church
Whithorn
Scotland
Chichen Itza
Maya
Calendar
System
The greatest difference between the Maya region
and England at this time was that a Maya city
state was a single seat of power for the king (ajaw)
or high priest of that city: whereas, an Anglo-Saxon
king controlled all the settlements in their territory:
villages, towns and cities. These were much larger
regions than those controlled by Maya kings and
high priests.
Compare Maya
Ajaws (rulers)
to Anglo-Saxon
Kings
Evidence of
culture and
religion
Now
Modern
Britain
OUT WITH A BANG!Year 4 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
480CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
54BCE Julius Caesar’s first invades
Britain.
43CE Roman army lands in Britain.
Successful invasion ordered by
Claudius.
61CE Iceni revolt led by Boudicca
79 CE Eruption of Mount Versuvius
122CE Construction of Hadrian’s wall
200CE Introduction of Christianity
306CE Constantine proclaimed
emperor in York
406CE Suevi, Alans, Vandals and
Burgundians attack Gaul, and
break contact between Rome
and Britain: Remaining Roman
army in Britain mutinies
408CE Devastating attacks by the
Picts, Scots and Saxons
409CE Britons expel Roman officials
and fight for themselves
410CE Britain is independent
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
Romulus and
Remus
Mythical brothers, who were raised by a she-
wolf and fought to found a city.
Celts The name given to the collection of different
tribes that lived in Britain, and other areas
of Europe, before the invasion of the Romans
Legionary Male citizen of Rome who fought in the
heavily armed legions of the Roman army.
Centurion Leaders of a Roman century, made up of 80
soldiers
Boudicca British queen of the Iceni tribe
Trade Imports included: coin, pottery, olive oil, wine,
olives, salt fish, & glass. Exports included:
metals (silver, gold, lead, iron & copper), salt
& agricultural products.
Economy Mining and agriculture generated finances.
By the 3rd century, Britain's economy was
diverse and well established
Settlements Romans established a number of important
settlements, many of which still survive. They
introduced the idea of a town as a centre of
power and administration.
Religion Druids outlawed by Claudius, however,
Britain’s continued to worship Celtic deities.
Christianity introduced to Britain in c. 200.
How has the Roman Empire impacted on
Britain today?
Roman legacy continues on in Britain
today.
The Roman army were extremely
powerful. Today, some of the strategies
to protect, such as the testudo formation,
are used in the police force.
Romans were the first to build towns and
straight roads.
The cities of London, York and Bath were
Roman towns. Also towns ending in –
caster, -chester and –cester were built by
Romans. Every town had its own bath,
like a public swimming pool. They also
invented a central heating system.
Before the Romans, there was no written
language. They taught Britons to read
and write in Latin. Some of todays
words come from Latin, for example
victory, versus and lavatory.
The calendar was started by Julius
Caesar.
Coins, laws and the legal system were also
introduced to Britain during this time.
How do we know about
the past?
Monks, like Gildas the
Wise and Bede, kept a
diary of events
Now
Modern
Britain
INVADERS AND SETTLERSYear 4 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
408 Devastating attacks by the Picts in
North, Scots (from now Ireland)
and Saxons (mainland Europe)
430 First Christian church in Britain
is built in Whithorn, Scotland
450 German Saxons settle in Kent
516 Battle of Mount Badon
570 Heptarchy emerges in England
597 St Augustine brings Christianity
to England from Rome
600 First Law Code written in English
in Aethelbert’s kingdom in Kent
613 Northumbrian kings rule over
most of England
664 Synod of Whitby held
731 Bede completes ecclesiastical history
757 Offa becomes king of Mercia and
arguably first king of all
England
789 First recorded Viking attack
(Dorset)
793 Viking attack on Lindisfarne
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
Anglo-
Saxons
Name given to a variety of
different tribes who invaded
Britain from mainland
Europe following the retreat
of the Romans.
The
Heptarchy
refers to the seven kingdoms
of Northumbria, Mercia,
East Anglia, Essex, Sussex,
Wessex and Kent
Paganism Multi-god religion practised
in Northern Europe. Later
replaced by Christianity.
Woden One-eyed king of the pagan
gods, known for his wisdom.
Wednesday is named after
him.
Frige Queen of the pagan gods,
protected the home,
marriages and pregnant
women. Friday is named
after her.
Runes The alphabet that was
used by the Anglo-Saxons
to write.
Sutton
Hoo
Archaeological excavation of
an Anglo-Saxon burial site
in Suffolk.
How have the Anglo-Soxons and Scots invasions impacted on Britain today?
The Anglos-Saxons divided into seven kingdoms (The Heptarchy), each with their own
King. Today was still use many of the symbols and names created by the Anglo-Saxons
Whilst Constantine was in Gaul and Hispania (France and Spain) fighting back barbarians, the Picts, Scots and
Saxons (from Northern Germania) launched devastating raids. The Romano-Britains were angry at the empire for
not protecting them and the constant pillaging and attacks caused Britannia to break up and by AD 410, it would
never be part of the Roman Empire again.
Religion - A monk, called Augustine, travelled from Rome under the Pope’s
orders to change the religion of the people from Pagan to Christianity
Art and Culture - In 2009, there was a discovery Anglo-Saxon gold and silver
metalwork now know as the Staffordshire Hoard.. This has helped
archaeologists and historians better understand the amazing craftsmanship of
the Anglo-Saxons as the pieces are of an extremely high quality.
1st Church
Whithorn
Scotland
Now
Modern
Britain
INVADERS AND SETTLERSYear 4 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
793 Raids of monasteries, including Lindisfarne Priory
796 After the death of King Offa, Mercia and Wessex Kingdoms battled for
control over England
865 Great Viking army from Denmark invaded England
866 Danes captured York (which the Vikings called Jorvik) and made it their
kingdom.
876 Vikings from Denmark, Norway and Sweden settled permanently in
England.
886 King Alfred ‘the Great’ defeated the Vikings but allowed them to settle in
Eastern England. The land the Vikings controlled was named Danelaw,
because the rules of these lands came from the Danish (Danes) and Norse
overlords.
927 The kingdoms of England were united by King Æthelstan (1st King of England) - Wessex ruled the other kingdoms
954 Eric Bloodaxe, Viking ruler of Northumbria, was expelled from Jorvik.
Whole of England under Anglo-Saxon control
991 King Æthelred (‘the Unready’) paid the first Danegeld ransom to stop Danish (Viking) attacks on England
1013 The Danes conquered England - Æthelred fled to Normandy
1016 Dane, King Cnut - became King of England
1042 Saxon, Edward the Confessor became king
1066 Edward the Confessor died, Battle of Stamford Bridge, Battle of Hastings
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
invade To attack, to enter with the intention to take over
defeat To beat an enemy
conquer To beat an enemy and control them using force
monastery A building where monks live, work and pray
Danelaw The Eastern area of England ruled by the Vikings
Jorvik The Viking name for York (in North East
England)
expel To force (someone) to leave a place
flee/fled To run away from danger
the Confessor The short form of Confessor of the Faith A title given by the Christian Church to a type of
saint
Beowulf Geatish hero of an epic poem, which tells of how
he defeated the monster Grendel.
Taefl Popular battle board game played by the Anglo-
Saxons, Vikings and Celts.
Shield-wall Defensive formation used in battle, where
warriors’ shields overlap for protection.
Hastings Location of a battle where the invading Normans
defeated King Harold Godwinson.
Bayeux
Tapestry
Embroidery showing the story of the Norman
Conquest, and defeat of the Anglo-Saxons by
William the Conqueror.
Laws and
Justice
King Alfred
the Great
made a treaty
with invaders
saying that
the lives of
both the
Anglo-Saxon
and
Scandinavians
will be treated
as equal.
The Anglo-Saxon and Viking struggles for the Kingdom of England.
When – Timeline of key events
776 BCE First Olympic Games
620 BCE Aesop born (storyteller of Fables)
505 BCE Cleisthenes introduces democracy in Athens
490 BCE Persian army outnumbered the Athenians
at the Battle of Marathon, yet the
Athenians managed to achieve a dramatic
victory.
461 BCE
446BCE
Peloponnesian wars between Sparta and
Athens
449 BCE Construction of Parthenon begins
432 BCE Parthenon built
420 BCE Construction of Temple of Athena
359 BCE Philip II becomes King of the Greeks
conquering the north
344 BCE Alexander the Great unified the Greek
cities
356 BCE Alexander the Great defeats Persians at
Issus and is given Egypt
1896 First modern Olympic Games begin
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
Theatre Story telling art form based on acting on stages. Ancient
Greek plays were Comedies or Tragedies.
Masks Face masks worn by Greek actors to portray emotions and
represent characters.
Hydria Greek water pot.
Hoplite Heavily armoured Greek warrior.
Phalanx Close fighting formation used by hoplites, where shields were
used to protect each other.
Parthenon Greek temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, the matron
goddess of Athens.
Zeus King of the Greek gods. Was responsible for the sky,
lightning, thunder and justice.
Hera Queen of the Greek gods. Was responsible for women,
marriage and childbirth.
Democracy Form of government where people vote to make decisions, or
choose leaders.
Heracles Mythical Greek hero who undertook twelve impossible
labours.
Trojan
Horse
Hollow, wooden horse used by the Greeks to trick the
Trojans into opening the gates of Troy.
Olympics World-wide sporting event that takes place every four
years. Originally honoured Zeus.
Minotaur Half-man, half-bull monster, fought by Theseus.
Now
Modern
Britain
GROOVY GREEKSYear 4 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-
Saxons
andScots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-
Saxons
andVikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
Ancient
Greeks
500BCE
Ancient Greece – Greek life, achievements and their
influence on the western world
Democracy, Olympic Games, Alphabet, Theatre
How do we know about the past?
In the early 1900s, an archaeologist called Sir Arthur Evans
discovered the ruins of a large complex on the island of Crete.
Democracy was
developed in Athena -
a system of
government designed to
give adult men the
right to vote on how
the city state would
make rules and laws.
Olympic Games
originated in
Olympia, an
ancient Geek
city state.
Theatre
The Ancient Greeks
brought theatre to the
world. Comedies and
tragedies are
genres entertainment
that we still enjoy
today.
The Alphabet
Many of the
letters we use
today in our
reading and
writing were
developed by the
Ancient Greeks.
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
ancient Extremely old
civilisation The level of development where people live together
peacefully in communities
hieroglyphics A pictorial form of ancient writing
Pharaoh An ancient Egyptian ruler (king or queen)
agriculture Farming
tomb A large grave above ground usually with a
sculpture or decoration on it.
monument Large structure usually made of stone, which built
to remind people of an event in history
mummification The process in which the flesh and skin of a corpse
(dead body) is preserved.
merchants People who buy or sell goods in large quantities
pyramid A structure with triangular sides built as an
Egyptian tomb.
burial chamber A room that is often below ground level that is
used to bury the remains of the dead.
HOW OLD? ANCIENT!Year 5 History
Stone Age
800,000BCE
Bronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Ancient
Greeks
500BCE
Ancient
Sumer
5000BCE
Indus
Valley
2500BCE
Ancient
Egypt
3300BCE
1600BCE
Shang
DynastyEarly
Islam
700CE
Mayan
900CE
Benin
When – Timeline of key events in Ancient Egypt
7500 BCE First settlers in Nile valley
3500 BCE First use of hieroglyphic symbols
3100 BCE Narmer unites regions of Lower and Upper Egypt.
2650 BCE First step pyramid built
2600BCE Old Kingdom
2550 BCE Pyramids at Giza built
2335 BCE Pyramid texts written (magical spells to protect pharaohs)
2000 BCE Middle Kingdom
1540 BCE New Kingdom
1472 BCE Hatshepsut becomes caretaker ruler (later declares herself pharaoh)
1336 BCE Tutankhamen becomes pharaoh
1279 BCE Ramses II becomes pharaoh
1100 BCE Upper & Lower Egypt split
332 BCE Alexander the Great conquers Egypt
196 BCE Rosetta stone carved
30 BCE Egypt becomes a Roman Province
1922 CE Carter discovers Tutankhamen’s tomb
Civilisation When? Ancient Sumer circa 5000 BCE Ancient Egypt circa 3300 BCE Indus Valley circa 2500 BCE The Shang Dynasty circa 1600 BCE
Where? Iraq, S.W. Asia The Nile River, Egypt, N.E Africa Indus River, Pakistan/India, S. Asia The Yellow River, China, Asia
Greatest Achievement Cuneiform Calendar Sanitation Bronze
Facts about their greatest
achievement
It was the first form of writing ever recorded.
It began as record keeping for trade and was later
used for laws and stories.
It first consisted of pictures but then evolved into
shapes and symbols.
The year was divided up into three main seasons for
farming: inundation, growing and harvest .
Each season had four months, with each month divided
into 30 days (360 days).
Five religious days were added to honour the gods .
Many water supply and sanitation devices that were
the first of their kind
World's earliest known system of flush toilets.
Sewage was disposed of through underground
drains
Bronze was used for weapons, parts of chariots, and ritual vessels.
The Shang perfected a complicated process, known as piece mould
casting
Some of the bronze objects of Shang dynasty represent the most
remarkable achievement in the history of metal-craft before
modern times
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
Star A burning mass of gas which makes heat and light energy (eg. the sun).
Planet An astronomical object that orbits a star and does not emit its own light. It can be terrestrial (dense and rocky) or Jovian (gas giant).
Gravity The force that attracts an object towards a larger object.
Solar System A star with objects (such as planets) revolving around it.
Light-year The distance light travels in a year (≈9.46 trillion km).
Galaxy An extremely large group of stars and planets that extends over many billions of light-years, held together by gravity (E.g. Milky Way and Andromeda.
Universe All of space and everything in it (including stars, planets and galaxies).
Satellite An object either natural (E.g. a moon) or man-made, that orbits around a planet.
Orbit A curved path of a planet, satellite or spacecraft around an object such as the sun due to the attraction of gravity.
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration – a US agency responsible for the exploration and study of space.
Meteor A mass of rock that burns after entering the Earth’s atmosphere (meteorite when the rock has cooled on Earth)
INFINITY AND BEYOND!Year 5 History
Neil Armstrong takes the first steps
on the moon.
Key Facts - Solar System Missions & Humans in Space
Sputnik 1 The first man-made satellite to orbit the Earth, launched by the Soviet
Union in 1957.
Mars Landers and
Rovers
First launched in 1975 with plans to launch again in 2020 as part of
the mission to get man on mars by 2030.
Galileo Launched 1989 exploring Jupiter and its moons.
Hubble Telescope Launched 1990 - captured images of both our own and distant galaxies
Cassini Launched 1997 - exploring Saturn and its rings.
Neil Armstrong First person on the moon in 1969 aboard Apollo 11.
Yuri Gagarian First human in space 1961, aboard the Vostok 1.
Laika The first animal in space was a dog aboard Sputnik 2 in 1957.
The International Space Station
Now
Modern
Britain
LOCAL LEISURE LEGENDSYear 5 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
Sport - Football Television Other Technology Music and Radio
1863 Football Association founded in England.
1871 First FA Cup
1877 Thomas Edison invented the phonograph.
1887 Emile Berliner invented the gramophone.
1904 The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded
1905 The 78RPM standard record player was introduced.
1924 The first television is invented.
1934 32 countries entered the World Cup qualifiers
1940 The first colour television is invented.
1942 The first digital computer is built.
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
invention the creation of a
process or device
gramophone old-fashioned
record player
compact disc a small plastic
disc where music
and information
is stored
portable The ability to be
carried at ease
transistor A device with
three connections
capable of
amplification
leisure time for when
your are is not
working
entertainment An action
providing
amusement or
enjoyment
amateur not advance or
professional
profession a paid job
programme A presentation on
the television or
radio
Local Legends
Duncan Edwards (1936-
1958) was born in
Malvern Crescent,
Woodside. He played for
Manchester United and
England
Lenny Henry (b1958) was
born in Dudley. He
founded the charity
Comic Relief. In 2005 he
was knighted for he
services to drama and
charity.
Beverley Knight (b1973) is
a singer from
Wolverhampton, who was
awarded an MBE in
2006 for her services to
music and charity.
1951 The first video tape recorder is invented.
1954 First transistor radio
1962 First portable stereo
1966 England won the World Cup.
1972 The first video game, Pong, is invented.
1973 The first call on a mobile phone is made.
1983 The compact disc (CD)
1989 The first high definition (HD) television appears.
1990 The world wide web is created.
1995 DVDs are invented.
2001 Apple’s first iPod
2018 Video Assistant Referee (VAR) written into Laws of the Game
Now
Modern
Britain
THE TUDORSYear 6 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons and
Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
And Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
Timeline of Key events
Henry VII
becomes King
1485
Henry VII became King following the Battle of Bosworth. He ended the War of the Roses by uniting the
rival houses of York and Lancaster by marrying Elizabeth Woodville, daughter of Edward IV.
Henry VIII
becomes King
1509
Second son of Henry VII, he was a fierce ruler and often referred to as a ‘tyrant’. He had six wives as
he desperately sought an heir to the throne. Henry broke away from the Catholic church in Rome
because they refused to grant him a divorce.
Catherine
of Aragon
M 1509-1533
Divorced
Anne
Boleyn
M 1533-1536
Beheaded
Jane
Seymour
M 1536-1537
Died
Anne
of Cleves
M 1540-1540
Divorced
Catherine
Howard
M 1540-1542
Beheaded
Catherine
Parr
M 1543-1547
Survived
Edward VI
becomes King
1547
Son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour. He became King at 9 years old and died when he was only 16 years
old. He was a Protestant.
Mary I becomes
Queen
1553
Daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of
Aragon. She was Roman Catholic and had the nickname ‘Bloody Mary’ as she signed 300 death
warrants for those who did not support her religion.
Elizabeth I
becomes Queen
1558
Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. She was a Protestant. Elizabeth I never married or had any
children.
The Tudor Rose – made up of
the red rose of Lancaster and
the white rose of the Yorks.
War Of
the Roses
The Wars of the Roses were
battles fought from 1455-1485
for control of the throne of
England. The House of
Lancaster and the House of
York fought for thirty years
before the House of Lancaster's
Henry VII finally won and
ended the war.
The
Reformation
When Henry VIII split with
Rome. Instead of the Pope
being head of the Church,
Henry Made himself head of
the Church. The people that
followed these teaching were
called Protestants.
Now
Modern
Britain
CRIME AND PUNISHMENTYear 6 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-
Saxons
andScots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-
Saxons
andVikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians
When – Timeline of key events
43CE Roman times punishments included flogging, beating, repaying the cost of
stolen goods, amputation of limbs, execution or exile, crucifixion or thrown to
the lions and being forced to become a gladiator.
1100s Medieval punishments included the hanging cage, iron maiden, the rack,
pillory, the breaking wheel and the iron chair.
1485 Tudor punishments included: public executions, beheading, hanging, boiling
alive, whipping, pillory and the ducking stool (for women).
1605 Guy Fawkes committed treason by attempting to assassinate King James I.
Known today as the Gunpowder Plot.
1787 The first prisoners are transported from Britain to Australia.
1800 The first professional police force in the UK, was set up in Glasgow. At the
time, the City of Glasgow police undertook more duties than modern police,
including firefighting.
1829 Robert Peel set up the first professional police in England in London, after
The Metropolitan Police Act' of 1829.
1837 Prison became the most popular form of punishment.
1868 The last public hanging in UK
1902 Harry Jackson, first person to be convicted using fingerprinting evidence.
1965 Capital punishment is abolished.
1986 DNA profiling used to identify criminals.
1987 Corporal punishment is abolishing in British state schools.
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
victim a person who has been attacked, injured or killed, as
a result of a crime, accident or illness.
convicted when you have been found guilty for committing a
crime.
jury a group of people (normally 12) who decide whether
someone is guilty or not guilty during a trial.
court the place where legal trials take place to decide
whether someone is guilty or not guilty of committing
a crime.
treason A crime against the monarch punishable by death
arson the act of starting a fire for the purpose of
destroying or damaging property.
stocks a a wooden device used to restrain
exile a punishment given where you are barred from
somewhere, normally a country.
defendant the person in a trial who has been accused of doing a
crime
dungeon a strong, underground prison
beheading cutting of someone’s head
ransom a sum of money demanded to be paid
torture a punishment that produces pain
guilty responsible for doing something wrong
When – Timeline of key events
11.8.1939 The Dowding System was operational
1.9.1939 Hitler invaded Poland
3.9.1939 Britain and France declare war on Germany
Jan 1940 Rationing introduced across the UK
10.5.1940 Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of Britain,
replacing Neville Chamberlain
27.5.1940 Evacuation from Dunkirk began and France
surrendered to Germany
10.7.1940 Germany launches air attacks on Great Britain (The
Battle of Britain and the Blitz began) Germany, Italy
and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact creating the axis
alliance.
31.10.1940 Battle of Britain ended
7.12.1941 The Japanese attack the US navy in Pearl Harbor. The
next day, the USA enters the war fighting with the
allies
6 .6.1944 D-Day and the Normandy invasion. Allied forces invade
France and push back the Germans
7.5.1945 Germany surrendered and victory in Europe is declared
—VE Day
14.8.1945 Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
2.8.1945 Japan surrendered—VJ Day signalling the end of
WW2
July 1954 Rationing ends in the UK
Key Vocabulary and Phrases
Allies Countries which fought on the British side
Evacuee Someone who was evacuated, moved from a danger area to a safer
place (normally from the cities to rural areas
Black out System of ensuring no lights were visible after dark so that buildings
could not be spotted by enemy planes
Rationing The controlled distribution of scarce resources (mainly food & clothing)
Air raid shelter A building to protect people from bombs dropped by planes
Anderson
Shelter
Made of corrugated iron. Usually at the end of the garden
Morrison Shelter Metal cage used inside the house. Could double as a kitchen table
Trenches A long, narrow ditch used for troops to shelter from enemy fire or
attack
Axis Countries which fought on the German side
Nazi Member of the fascist German political party which came to power in
1933. Symbol = swastika
Blitz Series of aerial bombing raids on the UK, mainly cities including
London, Bristol & Nottingham
Holocaust Mass murder of Jews and other groups of people by the Nazis
Fascism Right wing political view associated with not allowing opposition and
total control by a dictator
Blitzkrieg Translated as ‘lightning war’. German quick strike invasion of
Western Europe
Luftwaffe The German Air Force (responsible for the Blitz)
Enigma A machine used by the Nazis to send coded messages
Now
Modern
Britain
BRAVERYYear 6 History
Stone
AgeBronze
AgeRomans
43CE
Iron
Age
800BCE2300BCE
Anglo-Saxons
and Scots
410CE 790CE
Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings
Normans
1066
Tudors
1485
Great
Fire of
London
1666 1780
Industrial
Revolution
1939-1945
World
War II
World
War I
1914-19181837
Victorians