yang wanshan aqsiq

中国进出口商品检验监管制度介绍及对出口不合格产品的跟进措施

Introduction on the China inspection system for import/export commodity and follow-up f

or Non-compliant export products

Yang Wanshan

AQSIQ

内容 Contents

法律与执行机构 Laws and enforcing bodies 检验依据与标准体系 inspection reference and Standardization S

ystem 进口商品的法定检验制度Inspection system for import commodity 民用商品入境验证制度 Entry verification system for compulsory certificated product 出口商品的法定检验制度Inspection system for export commodity 不合格产品的调查处理Follow-up for export Non-compliant product

法律与执行机构 Laws and enforcing bodies

《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法》 The law of the people’s republic of China on import and export commodity Inspection (2002)

《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法实施条例》 Regulation for the Implementation of the law of the people’s republic of China on import and export commodity Inspection (2005)

《中华人民共和国认证认可监督管理条例》 Supervision and management regulation on certification and Accreditation of PRC

《中华人民共和国标准化法》 Standardization Law of PRC 《中华人民共和国标准化法实施条例》 Regulation for th

e Implementation of Standardization Law of PRC


AQSIQSACCNCA

Department of

supervision On

animal and plant quarantine

Bureau of import and

export food safety

Department Of

SupervisionOn

Inspection

Etc.

Department Of

InternationalCooperation

Shanghai CIQ

ETCBeijing

CIQGuangdong

CIQ


With purpose to perform the function of Entry-Exit inspection and quarantine, AQSIQ has set up in total 35 Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus (CIQ), near 300 branches and more than 200 local offices across the country, with employees totaled over 30,000. AQISQ provides direct leadership to all the CIQs.


According to the requirement of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine, AQSIQ has established nearly 700 entry-exit inspection and quarantine laboratories for food safety, industrial product testing, and etc. Among those laboratories, 188 are national key labs, 318 are regional central labs, and 190 are labs for regular testing.

检验依据与标准体系 inspection reference and Standardization System

检验依据国家强制性技术规范 National compulsor

y technical rules 国家质检总局指定的标准、技术规范 Stan

dards/ technical rules designated by AQSIQ


标准级别 standard level 国家标准 National standard

行业标准 sectoral standard

地方标准 Local standard

企业标准 Enterprise standard


标准性质 nature of standard 分强制性标准和推荐性标准。 Classified into m

andatory standard and voluntary standard. At present, the Chinese mandatory standar

ds are basically within the framework of WTO/TBT ( national security, fraud prevention, human health and safety protection, plant and animal life and safety protection, environment protection )


Now ， there are totally more than 20000 national standards, among which almost 3000 (14.3%) are compulsory and more than 18000 (85.7%) are voluntary.


目前，共有备案行业标准近 4 万项，备案地方标准近 16000 多项，备案企业标准 130 多万项。

So far, there are nearly 40,000 recorded sectoral standards, over 15800 recorded local standards and 1320,000 recorded enterprise standards.


截止 2004 年底，在 21 342 项国家标准中，共有 9 381 项国家标准采用了国际标准和国外先进标准，占国家标准总数的 44% ；

By the end of 2004,among the 21342 national standards, 9381 are adopted international standards and advanced foreign standards, occupying 44% of the total.

In the meanwhile, a majority of sectoral standards, local standards and enterprise standards also adopted international standards and advanced foreign standards.

进口商品的法定检验制度Statutory inspection system on the import commodity

《商检法》第四条规定：进出口商品检验应当根据保护人类健康和安全、保护动物和植物的生命和健康、保护环境、防止欺诈行为、维护国家安全的原则，……制定、调整必须实施检验的进出口商品目录……

The fourth clause of “commodity inspection law” regulates that development and revision of the Catalogue of Statutory Inspection on Import and Export Commodity the import and export commodity inspection should be adopted shall follow the principles of human health and safety protection, plant and animal life and health protection, environment protection, fraud prevention and national security assurance.


对于 HS 十位编码，共有 1523 个商品属于该目录。 For the HS 10-digit coding, there are 15

23 commodities classified into this catalogue.


列入该目录的进境商品，必须经国家质检总局设在各地的出入境检验检疫机构实施检验建议和监管，海关凭出入境检验检疫机构签发的《入境货物通关单》办理进口放行手续。

For the entry commodities listed in this catalogue, it only allowed to be imported after the inspection and supervision by the local entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau under the administration by AQSIQ, and finishing all the procedure from customs with the “customs clearance certificate for entry commodity” issued by entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau .


对于检验不合格的，涉及人身财产安全、健康和环境保护的，由出入境检验检疫机构责令当事人销毁或者退货，其他可进行技术处理，合格后方可销售使用。

The products can be for sale only after being inspected conforming, for the nonconforming ones which relate to human and property safety, health and environment protection should be destroyed or withdrawn by the client under the supervision of entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau, for the other nonconforming, it can be technically disposed.

民用商品入境验证制度 Entry verification system for compulsory certificate

d product 《中华人民共和国认证认可监督管理条例》第二十八条规定，国家对部分产品实施强制性产品认证制度，对进口这类产品，只有经认证并加贴认证标志后方可进口、销售。

The 28th item in “supervision and management rule for accreditation and authentication of PRC” stipulates that China implements compulsory commodity accreditation and authentication system on certain part of products, and these products can be imported and for sale only after accreditation and labeling.


d product 第一批发布了 19 种产品目录，是原国家商品检验局以及原国家技术监督局实施的有关制度的统一，近期将部分装饰装修产品、安全技术防范产品列入其中。

The first issue of directory included 19 items which was a system harmonization of state commodity inspection bureau and original state technique supervision bureau, and in the near future, part of decoration and fitment products, safety guarantee products will be added to the directory.


d product 截止至 2005 年 8 月：指定认证机构已颁发 3C 认证证书

171394 张，其中关境内产品 158507 张，关境外产品 13238 张。获证产品涉及的企业数为 34,209 家，其中关境内企业 31851 家，关境外企业 2368 家。

By the August of 2005, designated certification bodies has issued 171394 certificates of 3C, among which there are 158507 certificates for domestic products and 13238 certificates for foreign .And there are 34209 enterprises which got certificates, among which 31851 are domestic enterprises and 2368 enterprises are foreign.


d product 为保证国家实施的强制性的有关产品安全、卫生、健康的制度在进口产品中同等适用，国家对这些制度下的产品在进口时进行入境验证，其内容包括：（ 1 ）查验证书；（ 2 ）查验标志；（ 3 ）根据需要，抽取样品其验证符合性。

To ensure the compulsory requirements on safety ,sanitation and health to be same applicable for import products, China implements entry verification system with the following contents(1) certificate check(2) label check(3)According to necessity, sample at random for conforming test.


d product 原则上可适用于所有的有关市场准入制度，但目前仅在实施国家强制性产品认证制度下的 295 个商品中实施（ HS 十位编码）。In principle, the is applicable for all market access system, but now it is only implemented to the 295 products which are under CCC system. (HS 10 digit codin

g)

出口商品的法定检验制度Statutory Inspection system for export commodity

According to WTO/TBT, every member can take the measure to control the quality of export goods without the responsibility of notification to WTO/TBT

China is the one of few members who take methods to ensure the quality and safety of export products.


The fifth item of the law says: For the import and export commodity listed in directory, it must be inspected by commodity inspection agency .And the commodity which hasn’t been tested conforming is not allowed to be exported.

The 31rd item of the implemental regulation says: The entry-exit inspection and quarantine agency is responsible for the quality supervision and management of the export commodity listed in directory before transportation out of factory, and the above supervision and management work mainly includes the examination on the manufacturer’s quality assurance work and also the inspection on the export products.


There are 500 electrical and mechanical products in the export list in term of 8-unit HS code

lightingslightings

Small House hold Electrical Appliances

Small House hold Electrical Appliances

VehiclesVehicles

Machine toolsMachine tools


型式试验type test

工厂审查factory audit

合格确认grant

certificate

工厂登记factory

registion

放行出口export

permission

抽样检验On spot check

单证审核document

review

出口申报export declare

日常监督follow-up

supervision


type testing must be performed in CB lab or the appointed lab

Zhejiang CIQ ElectricalSafety Lab

Zhejiang CIQ ElectricalSafety Lab

Shanghai CIQ M&E Test center

Shanghai CIQ M&E Test center

Guangdong CIQ ElectricalSafety Lab

Guangdong CIQ ElectricalSafety Lab

Shenzhen CIQ industrial Product Test center

Shenzhen CIQ industrial Product Test center


Follow up supervision of the quality system at least twice within one year

ISO 9000 is not mandatory, but it is strongly recommended


After China focused on the safety of electrical products

Type testing help manufacturers improve their quality

99.99% batches could pass the inspection when export

Almost all export firms establish quality management system (ISO 9000)

不合格产品的调查处理Follow-up for export Non-compliant product

Get information from RAPEX Inform local CIQ Sample from export batch Type test If not safe, export banned until safe If safe, alert ceased


When the authorities find the product originated from China unsafe, please contact with us directly

This information is very important for us to conduct risk analysis and to decide which batch we should check

Special requirements in your countries should be noticed by Chinese manufacturers,


Through us, you can trace the manufacturers, some times Through us, you will be safe without the increase the cost of conformity assessment, and the manufacturers

We’ve already had the information exchange system with many countries

Conclusion

Safe but not hurt the trade

谢谢Thank you!

yang wanshan aqsiq

Documents