"!#$&%('*)+",-&.0/21435768)+9.:;)

9rqpgqXV_R4g+dM8RQg _Z9qXM8PSU}]V_wPSg ~9qXM8PSU}]w~qpU+PSg 9qXM8PSU}eVXRQPSg

TIPjcU+Xgg+8tP[r XOV_RQw~qpPgfdgfe+P[MJgSZXU+g+pZ PSU+UUIXPje+PS`je+OQ~r8Z-OrpUM2V e+OQ~rwU+~qXrpXOrXwdZX"PSU`SPSpe+OQ~r

xfr2WqXM2VrdWqXMVr0`S~M2M:qXrpOQ`[V e+OQ~r8ZdXOV_RQw~qpP9]V_Ufe+OQ`SOQVr~e+g}V_U+P&`S~re+Orqp~qpg+R^g+P[rpXOrXw VrX U+PS`SPSOOrXwg+OQw~rXV_RQgI~r^eWXP gfeV eqpgNeWpP OrUM2V e+OQ~r 8PSOrpw9P p`

!"#$% '&(*) '&,+-.0/1+3245 .6"87:9;5$%+?)

@$%"87A '$

mRQRQcHOrpwIec7qXPSgfe+OQ~rpgD4Voe+U

E H8)z68)&!A5.:B .:!#?H5764)9! ,#@:!#F).=BJ)5>+H?9@:!

XU+~M Wq]M2VrWqXM2Vr `S~MM:qXrpOQ`[V e+OQ~rkOe9OQgotdrp[c&reWXV eXOV_RQw~qpP0]V_Ufe+OQ`SOQ]Vre+gV_U+Pb`S~re+Orqp~qpg+R^g+P[rpXOrpw Vrp^U+PS`SPSOOrXw gOQw~rXV_RQgo~rseWXPbgfeV eqXg9#eWpPOrpUM V e+OQ~r 8PSOrpwP d` WXVrpwPS4*nHWpOQg XU+`SPSg+g OQgme+P[r U+PSPSU+U+PSGe+V_g Q U8LJoQSLU

JMLGUvPQU |RV_U+t ad` WXV_P8PSUb Z nUVqXM &VrpkedXOQ`[V_RQRk]U+`SPSPS]g&Orec2]WXV_gPSgDV%HKJ,VN?VOUoQSLU HNOV0Orc&WpOQ`

P_ wdQZPSU+U+~rXPS~qpg}XU+PSgqXX8g+Oe+OQ~rpgU}Orp`SU+U+PS`je&XPSVqXRe}V_ggqXMJXe+OQ~rpgj+-nHWpOQU+ ZpVU+PS`SPSO~PSU|QS: V}PQ V =(g+OQw~rXV_RQg Vr~ `S~M2M:qXrpOQ`[V e+OQ~r XU+ XRQP[M2gSnHWpOQg0OQg0Vkg+OM XRQO ]`[V e+OQ~rOr eWXV e`S`[V_g+OQ~rXV_RQRU+PS`SPSO~PSUg&V_`S`SPSpePSU+UU+gSZpU`

OrpmU

e+~rpPSgSN|~rpgPqpP[re+RZdc7P&P d8PS`jeNeWXV eNOrWqXMVrM2V_` WpOrpP}Ore+PSUV_`je+OQ~rpg7eWpP&XOQmPSU+P[rX`SP9Or g+OQw~r]V_RQOrpw:qXrX`je+OQ~r2c&OQRQR"V_RQg+ 8P9U+P]PS`je+PSOr Vb]O"PSU+P[rX`SP9Or XUg+]OQ`mP[V eqpUPSgb `S8acPSUfe+g {ogfe+P[rp]U+7 +nHWpOQgP p8PS`jeV e+OQ~rkOQg&`S~r ]UM2PS V]qpRQtopU+PS`SP[recU+t~r0W~d8PSUV_Ufe+OQ`[qpRV e+PNg+8PSPS`

ecJgfdgfe+P[MJg}XO8PSUM2V_OrXROr ~PSU+O ]`[V e+OQ~rsgfe+UV e+PSw_ ~rpPXUOM2V_U+OQR qpg+PSg}OMJ]RQO `SOeb~PSU+O `[V e+OQ~r8Z#eWpP _eWpPSU0~rpR(qpg+PSg0P d]RQOQ`SOe0~PSUO ]`[V e+OQ~r"+ZDRQP[rpw_eW }gfdgfe+P[Mqdefe+PSUVrp`SPSgVrpkg+8PSPS`

c7PSU+P^XU+]qp`SPS (P[M2V_RQPkVrX M2V_RQPkg+8P[V_tPSU+gS$n&WpPsXU"U+e+OQ~r w]V_`tXg+OQw~rXV_RQg}OQgo0U}M2V_RQPVrp^:mUP[M2V_RQPog+8P[V_tPSU+gSZ 8_eW g+OMJOQRV_U7e+:eWpP[~PSUV_RQRXU+8Ufe+OQ~r8NnHWpPg+8PSPS`

`[qpP_ nHWpP:RQP dOQ`[V_RNM2V e+PSU+OV_R-Or^eWpP g+eq OQg dqpOe+P:XO8PSU+P[reImUeWXPbec7sg+OQw~rXV_RQgmU}eWXP"gOe+O~PI`[V_g+PSgSZXeWXPgq Xg+PdqpP[re}c7UXgV_U+PIMJg+e+R g+~M2Po"RQOe+P]WpUV_g+PSg8WfeWXVrpt~~q XdZ WfeW]V e g UOQw~W~e}XomUeWpPsrXPSw~V e+O~P^`[V_gPSgSZeWpPg+eq qpgqXV_RQROQgVr V efe+P[M2pe0e+^`SUU+PS`je:eWpP OrpmU

eWpPMJP[Vr]qpUV e+OQ~rs6WrXXVrp]VqXg+PSgSZ IM2VOrgfeq ZVrXeWpPrqXM8PSU}c7UXgbOr gfeq V_UP qpg

cHOeW:~qpU-W~d8_eWpPSg+OQgSZ_eWpP7cU+uWrpXoOr0eWpP w~r `[V_gP}OQg-`S~MJ]V_UV e+O~PSR0gWpUfez ~sM2gj+Z OeOQgrX_eXU+OQXPSvcHOeW(V]U+~MJOrpP[reIWpOQw~W 8~qXrpV_Ufse+~rpP_Z-VrpvOeOQgOM2MJPS]OV e+PSRmRQRQc7PS eWpP gfeq cHOeWX~qdeV `SRQP[V_Usg+OQRQP[rp`SP Ore+PSUf_V_R xzrV_XXOe+OQ~r8ZXeWXPgfeq ]V_UfeeWpOQgU+PSg"~rXg+PoXPSg&rp_eH`S~reV_OrsV XU~MJOrpP[re}XOe+`

eqXrXV e+PSR eWpP `SU+]qXgXOQvrp_eV_RQRQ[c*qpgoe+wPjeIPdqXV_RDrqXM8PSU+g&78g+Oe+O~P2VrprpPSw~V e+O~PHg+OQw~r]V_RQgDU#V_RQRXg+8P[V_tPSU+gS#apq dfPS`je+g-eWpP}8PSU+`SPSpe+OQ~r P p8PSU+OMJP[rec7PSU+PorXV e+O~Pg+8P[V_tPSU+g-"qde+`

"~q]rp]V_Ufe+~rpP_

xe g+PSP[M2g:V^U+P[V_g~rXVXRQPW8_eWpPSg+OQg:eW]V e0c9WpP[r g+8P[V_tPSU+g gfdgfe+P[M2V e+OQ`[V_RQRXU+PSg+gqpeWpPSOQUsqdefe+PSU

e+ eWpP:V_`jeeWXV eeWXPbcU+qWrpXW]V_goeWpP MJgfeo`S~M2M:qXrpOQ`[V e+O~P OM28Ufe&Or^eWpP

ws~r `[V_gP_Zc9WpOQRQPJUeWpP w ]V_`t `[V_g+POebOQgbUV eWpPSUIeWXPJgfeq ]V_Ufe2 c9WpOQ`

gWpUfe Vrp XU+[dOQXP rps qpUfeWXPSUbOrpUMV e+OQ~r8knHWXOQgP pXRV_Orpg0eWpP gWpUfe:]Vqpg+PSg"Pjec7PSP[reWpP WrpXJVrpeWpPgfeq V_g}c7PSRQRV_g}eWpPRV_`t V_`S`SP[r~e+g9Or eWpPgfeq #xzV0~PSg_rp dqpPSgfe+OQ~r U+~M eWpPogfg+e+P[M*`S~r~eV_Orpg9V0XU+ XRQP[MZ+qpgfe}VrpgfcPSU+OrpwuWrpXMJOQw~We 8P-gqGF2`SOQP[re ]qde OQgrp_e ~PSUf`S8PSUV e+O~P_#&ggqXMJOrXwNeW]V e eWpPDqpgPSU4cVre+geWpPXOV_RQw~qpPe+ "P}~PSUNV_g#g~rJV_gD"gg+O XRQP}Oe#OQgDM2U+P}P8F2`SOQP[re#e+IOM2M2PSXOV e+PSRR(LJJMV(R9eWpP0gfdgfe+P[Mon XeWXV eSZ4g+OrpwRQP:gfeq V_XPq]V e+PSRkg+PSUf~PSg9eWpP0]qpU"gP_Zc&WpOQRQgfeVrsP pXRQOQ`SOe WrpX M2V[ "PbV_XXPSke+gfe+UP[rpw_eWpP[rseWpPb]U+ XRQP[M g+OQw~rXV_RQOrpwdadOrp`SP0eWpP gfeq OQgIrp_eMJP[Vreoe+ 8P:8RQOe+P_Z ]qdeoU+P[V_RQR V_OMJgV eI qpUfeWpPSU+OrXw2eWpPXOV_RQw~qpP:OrkVrkP8F2`SOQP[reocV[ k`SU+U+PS`je+Orpw OrpUM2V e+OQ~r8Z8Oe9edXOQ`[V_RQRk`S~reV_OrpgMJU+PDc7U+]gS xfreWpPN`[V_g+Pp`S~M2M:qXrpOQ`[V e+OQ~rXU+ XRQP[M2gSZ_OeM2V[ 8PDV_g+gqXM2PSeWXV e`Sw~rpOe+O~PRQ~V_OQg}U+PSRV e+O~PSRWpOQw~W4ZdgOrp`SPoeWpPqpg+PSU}WXV_ge+:U+PS`S~rpg+e+Uqp`jec&WpPSU+P9eWpPgfg+e+P[M g-V_g+gqXM2pe+OQ~rpgXorp_e#M2V e+`

"P[V_Ue+ "PIM2U+PoXU+g+XOQ`[V_RQRM2V_U+tPS eW]Vr_eWpPSUHqdefe+PSU

Oe MVSV_RQg+ 8PsV `[qpPse+ gfcHOe+` We+ V XO8PSU+P[r~e U+PS`Sw~rpOe+OQ~rP[rXwOrpP_$Pj~[cz o~qXrp eWXV eeWpPJXU+ VXOQRQOe 7P d8PSU+OQP[rp`SOrXwsVU+PS`Sw~rpOe+OQ~r PSU+U+UbV_ e+PSUV`SUU+PS`jeIU+PS`Sw~rpOe+OQ~r OQg0QZ qde9OMMJPSXOV e+PSR^V_ e+PSUIVr^Orp`SU+UPS`jeoUPS`Sw~rpOe+OQ~rOeOQg nHWpOQgOrp`SU+P[V_g+PsOQg2XU+ VXR `[VqXg+PS eWpP V_`je2eWXV eeWpPg+8P[V_tPSU+gqpg+PSW~d8PSUV_Ufe+OQ`[qpRV e+Pog+8PSPS` W c&WpP[r2eWpPj rp_e+OQ`SPS eW]V e7eWXP9g+gfe+P[M*WXV_V0XU+ pRQP[MU+PS`Sw~rpOSOrXwJeWpPSOQU&XU+PjdOQ~qpgHqdefe+PSUVrX`SP_adOM2OQRV_U rpXOrpwgV_UPIU+PS8Ufe+PSOrVrqXM8PSU-gfeqXXOQPSgSZg

|RV_U+tZ b QZHad` WXV_P8PSUSZ}LT7QZ& |~re+U+O ]qde+Orpw e+(XOQg+`S~qpU+gP_|w~rpOe+O~Pad`SOQP[rp`SPJ

oV_PSRQP[MVrpgSZ&u$QZ4VSdU+PSR Z XQZVr]PSU adRQ_eSZ&TJQZ_VrGXP[rG7g+`

~M]V_U+4ZLQZ] N Pg+OQw~rXPHXPR PSRQPjV e+OQ~r XPRVI~O "#orXr8\^V_RV_XOQPSg}{oU+PSOQRQRQPV_Ufpr8ZX&P _7yNWXV_Ufpr Z j+

Orp]RQ~MZ&QZ4NU[c&rpRQPSP_Z a"QZ8VSdOQgSZ8&QZ4\s~r8Z a"QZ ~ad8PSPS`

e+OQ~rpgo#U+PS8Pje+Oe+O~P qdefe+PSUVrp`SPSgS&xzr yDU+`SPSPSXOrpwg9-eWpPbxzre+PSUrXV e+OQ~r]V_R|~rXmPSUzP[rp`SPI~rkap"tP[r Vrpw~qXV_wPbyDU+`SPSg+g+Orpw x+|ady +Z"ad]rXPjZX9qpg+e+UV_RQOV

ac7PSU+e+gSZ7\(QZ{og+e+P[rpXU+ZD\vQZ& yDU+g+XOQ`VrpRQP pOQ`[V_ROrpXOQ`[V e+OQ~rpg2HXOQgz`S~qpU+g+P^gfe+Uqp`jeqXU+PsOrGWq]M2VrMV_`

)+]6F&% /J?&@ 18! ,-5 b68)+9.:

OQw~qXU+Po n&WpP}VS~PSUV_wPH_V_RqpPSgDmU-XO8PSU+P[re#mP[V eqXU+PSgSZV_g-wO~P[r2Or:nV]RQP Or V_RQR`[V_g+PSgSZ~eWpP7c&WXOe+P ]V_U`SU+UPSg+8~rpXge+ /8!'1 3 Z_eWpP XRV_`

nVXRQPJ Dyg+Oe+O~PdgSDrpPSw~V e+O~P0`[qpPSg

!3 w2~r +32)23 w V_`tgWpUfe}eqXUrpg RQ~rpw eqpU

nVXRQP 0oqXM8PSU+g}rpPSw~V e+O~PVrpgfcPSU+gRQRQ[c&Orpw^Vr qXrpXU XRQP[M2V e+OQ` gfdgfe+P[Mqdefe+PSUVrp`SP /-!'1 3 DVrpsRQRQ[c&Orpw eWpg+P`S~reV_OrpOrpw ~rpPbU9M2U+PIXU+ pRQP[MJgI /8!'1 3

nN8P /-!'1 3 /-!'-143 8 )21rp gfeq rpog+eq _ _V )21

nVXRQP }yDU+PSg+P[rX`SPU&V]g+P[rp`SP#WXOQw~W 8~qXrp]V_U+2e+~rpPSg9mRQRQcHOrpw `S`[qXU+U+P[rp`SPSg6WrXX g+OrpwRQPrX2Vrprpog+eq NU8g+Oe+O~PVrpsrXPSw~V e+O~P`[qpPSgS

9OQw~W 8~qXrpV_UfJe+~rpP /-!'1 3 /-!'-143 8 )21 Xg+P[re ~ yNU+PSg+P[re V4)21 ~

_

nVXRQP oqXM"PSU :rpogfeq Fqdefe+PSU

nVXRQP &~PSUV_wP(_V_RqpPSgsmU V_U+OQ~qpgP[V eqpU+PSgS qpUV e+OQ~r TWrpX UsV_RQR`S`[qpUP[rp`SPSgIWrpX g+OrpwRQPJrpVrpvrXogfeq +Z XPSRV[ 8Pjec7PSP[r(P[rp Ngfdgfe+P[Mqdefe+PSUVrp`SPoVrp 8PSwOrXrXOrpwI qpg+PSU gDXOQg+`S~r ]UM2V e+OQ~rV_RQR`[V_g+PSgS+ZdVqpg+P 8PjecPSP[rWrpX Vrp gfeq v Urpogfeq `[V_gPSgj+ZoM2V2Or gfeq sVrprqXM8PSUD c7U+]gNOrgfeq 8_eWkmUorpogfeq (Vrpkg+eq +adeVrp]V_U+kXPjOV e+OQ~rXgIV_U+PbwO~P[r 8PjecPSP[rXUV_`tPje+g[

]P[V eqpU+P /-!'-143 /8!'1 3 qpU

nVXRQP oqXM"PSUH1H3LNQ oQ V gOQw~rXV_RQg9c&WpOQ`

nVXRQP D9q]M 8PSUIUKV oQ Vbg+OQw~rXV_RQgHc&WpOQ`

nVXRQP #apqXMM2V_UfoXeV]RQPSg oVrp&]eWpP8PSU+`SPSO~PS `SRV_g+g+O ]`[V e+OQ~r2]8g+Oe+O~PVrpsrpPSw~V e+O~P0g+OQw~rXV_RQgS

yPSU+`SPSO~PS V_g 9Jg+OQw~rpO `[Vr~e yPSU+`SPSO~PS V_g /-!'1 3 XO8PSU+P[rp`SP /8!'1 3 n_eV_R

/-!'1 3 _ /8!'1 3 _

n_eV_R

+338)! +,!0 31

-327

680

3276

7A

MP

LIT

UD

E

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.22TIME (s)

5010

020

030

040

0P

ITC

H (

Hz)

+33 )2 ) +!

-327

680

3276

7A

MP

LIT

UD

E

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.22TIME (s)

5010

020

030

040

0P

ITC

H (

Hz)

OQw~qpU+P0

~