xml presentation of documents - rua: principalrua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/18386/3/01-xml-3.pdf4...
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Network Europe - Russia - Asia ofMasters in Informatics as a Second Competence
159025-TEMPUS-1-2009-1-FR-TEMPUS-JPCR
XML
PRESENTATION OF DOCUMENTS
Sergio Luján MoraDepartment of Software and Computing SystemsUniversity of Alicante
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Contents
Introduction Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) XSL
Introduction
Style sheets define how to display a document:
◦ On a screen
◦ On a printer
◦ On a mobile device
◦ On …
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IntroductionXML
document
Stylesheet
Style sheetprocessor
Introduction
Two technologies:
◦ CSS
◦ XSL
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Introduction
CSS and XSL overlap to some extent XSL is more powerful than CSS, but XSL is also
more complex and harder to learn and use than CSS
CSS is more broadly supported than XSL But CSS only allows to format element content:
◦ CSS does not allow you to change or reorder the content
◦ CSS only apply to element content, not to attributes
Introduction
Feature CSS XSL
Can it be used with HTML? Yes No
Can it be used with XHTML? Yes Yes
Can it be used with XML? Yes Yes
Is it a transformation language? No Yes
What is its syntax? Own XML
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CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a declarative language used to format the presentation of web pages (HTML)
CSS can also be used to format any XML document
CSS
A CSS style sheet contains a list of rules Each rule gives the names of the elements
it applies to and the styles to apply to those elements
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CSS
Fundamental properties:◦ display
◦ position
◦ width, height
◦ float, clear
◦ overflow
◦ margin (margin-top, margin-right, etc.)
◦ border (border-top, border-right, etc.)
◦ padding (padding-top, padding-right, etc.)
◦ font (font-family, font-size, font-weight, etc.)
◦ background (background-color, background-image, etc.)
◦ color
CSS
Length values:◦ Inches: in◦ Centimeters: cm◦ Millimeters: mm◦ Points: pt◦ Picas: pc◦ Pixels: px◦ Ems: em (the width of the letter “m” in the current
font)◦ Exs: ex (the height of the letter “x” in the current
font)◦ Percentage: %
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CSS
Color values:
◦ Color name
◦ Decimal RGB
◦ Hexadecimal RGB
◦ Short hexadecimal RGB
◦ Percentage RGB
CSS
Color name
Decimal RGB Hexadecimal RGB
Short hexadecimal RGB
Percentage RGB
red rgb(255, 0 , 0) #FF0000 #F00 rgb(100%, 0%, 0%)
green rgb(0, 255, 0) #00FF00 #0F0 rgb(0%, 100%, 0%)
blue rgb(0, 0, 255) #0000FF #00F rgb(0%, 0%, 100%)
white rgb(255, 255, 255) #FFFFFF #FFF rgb(100%, 100%, 100%)
black rgb(0, 0, 0) #000000 #000 rgb(0%, 0%, 0%)
yellow rgb(255, 255, 0) #FFFF00 #FF0 rgb(100%, 100%, 0%)
magenta rgb(255, 0, 255) #FF00FF #F0F rgb(100%, 0, 100%)
cyan rgb(0, 255, 255) #00FFFF #0FF rgb(0%, 100%, 100%)
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CSS
How to attach a style sheet to a document:
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CSS
Example: XML document about a library and its books
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XML 1.1 Bible
3
Elliotte Rusty Harold
Wiley Publishing, Inc.
1022
2004
0-7645-4986-3
El elemento
sir Ken Robinson
Lou Aronica
Random House Mondadori, S.A.
359
2011
978-84-9908-390-2
Ruso fácil
7
Claudio Klotchkov
Espasa Calpe, S.A.
254
2009
978-84-670-3115-7
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library {
display: block;
}
book {
display: block;
}
title {
display: block;
margin: 15px;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 2em;
}
edition, author, editor, pages, year, isbn {
display: list-item;
margin-left: 3em;
list-style-type: disc;
}
edition:before {
content: "Edition: ";
}
author:before {
content: "Author: ";
}
editor:before {
content: "Edition: ";
}
pages:before {
content: "Pages: ";
}
year:before {
content: "Year: ";
}
isbn:before {
content: "ISBN: ";
}
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XSL
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XSL
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) is divided into two parts:
◦ XSL Transformations (XSLT)
◦ XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO)
XSL
XSLT:
◦ XSLT enables you to replace one tag with another
◦ XSLT can reorder elements in the document
◦ XSLT can add additional content not present in the XML document
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XSL
XSL-FO:
◦ XSL-FO enables you to specify the appearance and layout of a page: multiple columns, text flow around objects, line spacing, widow and orphan lines, font faces, sizes, etc.
◦ No current web browser yet support XSL-FO
XSL
How to attach a XSLT to a document:
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...
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XSL
Example: XML document about a library and its books
XSLT instructions:◦
◦
◦
◦
XML 1.1 Bible
3
Elliotte Rusty Harold
Wiley Publishing, Inc.
1022
2004
0-7645-4986-3
El elemento
sir Ken Robinson
Lou Aronica
Random House Mondadori, S.A.
359
2011
978-84-9908-390-2
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16
Ruso fácil
7
Claudio Klotchkov
Espasa Calpe, S.A.
254
2009
978-84-670-3115-7
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17
Edition:
Authors:
Editor:
Pages:
Year:
ISBN:
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