xl-xpress chanakya's dilemma case study
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Proposal for slum
Empowerment throughEmployment & Education
THE EEE MODEL
A Sustainable Solution for Marginalized Slum Communities
Priyadarshi Bh askar Dr. Sameer Iyer
Shrabani Bera
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Backgrounds
Situational Analysis of Kartavya
Proposed Employment Expansion Plan for Kartavya
Organisation Structure to achieve the planning for Kartavya
Proposed Implementation plan for Kartavya
Proposed Financial sources for Kartavya
Proposed Financial Model for Kartavya
Monitoring & Evaluation
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About one in six Indian city residents lives in anurban slum with unsanitary conditions that are "unfit for
human habitation," according to the first complete census of India's vast slum population.
"A slum, for the purpose of census, has been defined
as residential areas where dwellings are unfit for humanhabitation by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding ... lack
of ventilation, light or sanitation facility".
According to NSSO these are some facts about slums
in India 2008-2009.
About 49 thousand slums were estimated to be in
existence in urban India in2008-09, 24% of them were
located along nallahs and drains and 12% alongrailway
lines.
About 48% of the slums were usually affected by
waterlogging during monsoon –32% with inside of slum
waterlogged as well as approach road to the slum,
7%where the slum was waterlogged but not the approach
road, and 9% where only the approach road was
waterlogged in the monsoon.
The sanitary conditions in the slums in terms of
latrine facility during 2008-09showed considerable
improvement since 2002. Latrines with septic tanks (or
similar facility) were available in 68% notified and 47%
non-notified slums (up from 66% and 35% respectively in
2002). At the other extreme, 10% notified and 20% non-
notified slums (down from 17% and 51% in 2002) did not
have any latrine facility at all.
About 10% notified and 23% non-notified slum
did not have any drainage facility. The corresponding
proportions in 2002 had been 15% for notified and
44% for non-notified slums. Underground drainage
systems or drainage systems constructed of pucca
materials existed in about 39% notified slums (25% in
2002) and 24% non-notified slums (13% in 2002).
According to Indian Embassy figures, there are
314,700 children living on the streets of Bombay
[Mumbai ], Calcutta [Kolkata], Madras [Chennai ], Kanpu
Bangalore and Hyderabad, and another 100,000 live in
New Delhi ; however, these numbers may not reflect thtrue picture, as accurate census information is difficult
collect. In truth, millions of India's children are denied
the most basic rights of survival and protection. Childre
living on the streets are especially vulnerable to
victimization, exploitation, and the abuse of their civil
economic rights.
From the above information it is self-explanatoryurgent efforts are necessary to uplift the lifestyle of thissegment of Indian population. So we bring here a mode
educate this mass of people, help them find an organisemode of income & last but not the least teach them the
basic hygiene for self & family.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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"Kartavya is a Non-Governmental Organisation providing
free and high quality education to underprivileged childrenliving in slums and villages near college campuses. Thewhole management of the organization is handled bycollege students. Apart from two-hours evening tuitions to
around 1200 children, they are admitted in good privateschools for formal education.
Ism is surrounded by slums. Slum children used to
gather near ISM hostels to collect stale foods.They loiteredin and around campus to collect garbage. Subsequently
in year 1999 ,a group of ISM students headed by Mr.Amresh Mishra ( presently an IPS officer) started teachingthose slum children in a mandir premises in the slum.
The children (all hailing from poor n sociallydowntrodden families) get evening tuition and they also
attend schoolsThe organization is volunteered by collegstudents. A team of volunteers at college constituting
around 50 to volunteers per college. A definite hierarchmade in which college students from 1st year to final yehave a certain role to play. The responsibilities are give
according to the abilities, interest and experience of thevolunteers. Generally first year students teach in theevening time, second year students become class teacheand supervisors, third year students become various teain-charge 4th year students become center in-charge or
coordinators and 5th year students (if any ) become chacoordinator. At the time of vacation, the local collegegraduates or undergraduates maintain the continuity of
centre. For that they are paid reasonable amount which
them to continue their education and help in their familylife. In this way, more than 100 graduate and undergradteachers are being benefitted by kartavya. Kartavya hasinspired to professionals also who give special training
karate class and art classes to kartavya students. Also fe permanent employees are hired for centre caretaking
purposes. Now Kartavya needs to plan a business model to
expand their service profile and help the mass from theslums to build up a hierarchical organisation which willdeliver the society its services in an organised & optimuway & in return ensure an adequate remuneration to the
deprived masses, so that they can sustain a healthy livin
BACKGROUNDS
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To analyze the current situation of the organization, we can do SWOT analysis.
STRENGTHS
Strong support from ISM Dhanbad High caliber student involvement in
education imparting Programs for holistic development of
children
WEAKNESS
Lack of organizational structure Lack of tie ups with corporates at a larger
scale Difficulty in getting volunteers for
activities due to its location High dependency on students for their
teaching program Lack of high promotional activities
OPPORTUNITIES
High potential for fund raising activities. Potential for growth in creating skills and
employment opportunities for thedowntrodden.
Improving its visibility through promotional activities.
Seeking professional guidance frominstitutes like TISS.
THREATS
Lack of fund raising can result indecreased opportunities for it to grow andreach its potential and sustainability.
Threat from the local people who are not
aware about its activities .
SITUATION ANALYSIS OF KARTAVYA
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We will be leveraging the strengths existing in the
organization and would like to explore the opportunities,
negating its weakness and threats through following
activities
Increase visibility through promotional activities
through media ,street plays,awareness campaigns
Tie up with other NGO’S
Tie up with CSR’S of more corporate
organizations for fund raising and support activities
Developing organization structure for better
planning, coordination and review process
ASSUMPTION: There are about 500 men and women
folks each in this one thousand people.
AFTER IDENTIFICATION OF SKILLS IF THEY POSSESS ANY
SKILL DEVELOPMENT CAN BE PLANNED FOR BOTH MEN
AND WOMEN SEPARATELY
SKILL DEVELOPMENT FOR MEN
TRAINING MEN FOR DRIVING FOUR WHEELERS
PLUMBING
ELECTRICIAN
TAILORING
SKILL DEVELOPMENT FOR WOMEN FOLK
TRAINING FOR MIDWIFE AND AAYA WORK
TAILORING
CANDLE MAKING
PLANNING FOR EMPLOYMENT OF MEN POST TRAINING
SET UP AN ONLINE PORTAL AND A CENTRE/AGENCYWHICH PROVIDES SERVICES IN:
PROVIDING PLUMBING AND ELECTRICIAN
SERVICES IN DHANBAD, BOKARO,JAMSHEDPUR AND
KOLKOTA.
DRIVERS IN DHANBAD,JAMSHEDPUR,BOKARO
WHERE DEMAND FOR DRIVERS IS HIGH
PLANNING FOR EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN POST
TRAINING
PROVIDING AAYAS OR DOMESTIC HELPS IN CIT
MENTIONED ABOVE
SEEKING OPPORTUNITIES/POSITIONS F
MIDWIVES/DAIS IN PHC WHERE THERE IS DEARTH
THESE SERVICES
ALSO LADIES CAN BE TRAINED IN CUTTING
STICHING & A STICHING CENTRE FOR HI-DEMA
COTTON APPARELS OR UNDERGARMENTS CAN
SET UP, WHICH WILL SUPPLY TO THE APPAR
MARKET THROUGH VARIOUS VENDORS.
PROPOSED EMPLOYMENT EXPANSION PLAN FOR KARTAVYA
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ROLE DESCRIPTION
Board of directors: Apart from the exsisting board of
directors we plan to tie up with the corporates and bring
the directors on board.also we plan to bring a director
advisor from tata institute of social sciences for valuable
guidance.
Adminstrative cum finance officer: He will bechief of adminstrative responsibilities along with supervision of
finances and will oversee the accountants work.
Project manager:He willbe responsible for planning,
strategising and reviewing the ongoing project in
education and
employment.project coordinators will report to him to
detail about the activities.
Project coordinators:Will be responsible for planning of
staff in the respective areas of education and employme
development,promotional activities where in they will b
a part of fund raising programs.
ORGANISATION STRUCTURE TO ACHIEVE THE PLANNING FOR KARTAV
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ImplementationImplementation can be done by using five staged process
1. Inputs
2. Activities3. Output
4. Objectives achievement
5. Monitoring
About inputs and budgetsInputs are the funds, equipment, expertise, human resources, and so on, necessary for carrying
out the activities. Inputs may come from many different sources, and they can occur at various
levels: local, national and international. The inputs shape our budget, as each element needs to
becosted. When we prepare a budget, we will make sure that our own contributions are reflected – if theykind (e.g., the time we spend finding good people for our network), put a price on
them. It is helpful to use a computer program, such as Excel, to prepare our budget. Standard budget line
personnel (list each position and the salary required), personnel support costs (taxes, insurance, benefits)transport (for vehicles, indicate both the cost of operations and the cost of writing off their purchase), sup
rent (office space, storage space), monitoring and
evaluation, and indirect costs (maintaining an office staff to support the project administratively).
About activitiesA good way to set out your activities is through a work plan, as illustrated in this simplified model:
Education plan implementation model
Action Steps/
Timeline
1st
week 2n
week 3r
Week 4t
Week 1st
week
onwards (
Organisation
Structure
Finance and Fund
Raising
Awareness among
parents and other
people
Contact with School
authorities
Students Enrollment
PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR KARTAVYA
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Employment plan implementation model
Action Steps/
Timeline
1st
week 2n
week 3r
Week 4t
Week 1st
week
onwards
Organisation
Structure
Finance and Fund
Raising
Awareness among
local people about the proposed employment
plan and work type
selections
Selection of 1000
slum people
Commencement of
training/ job (is
already skilled)
Commencement of
the work of trained
workers
About outputs
Outputs are the products which result from the project activities. The key word is “to produce”.
Examples of outputs might be materials, curricula, reports, draft policies, or people trained. Notall outputs are achieved at the end of the NGO formation – some may be ready earlier than others.
Objectives
Short term: Well-functioning organization catering to the employment of 1000 slum people and educafor the minimum 100 students.
Long term: Elimination of illiteracy among children and elder people.
One hundred percent sustained employment
PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR KARTAVYA CONTD.
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BUDGET RESOURCING
Come Up With a Fundraising Plan. Money required for an
NGO to operate primarily goes into their educational and
social programs, the overall operation of the NGO
(administration, utilities), and projects (surveys, giving
programs). Both the board of directors and the executive
director should be active participants in fundraising and it
is important that writing grants, seeking contributions, and
other fundraising skills are acquired skills early in
the NGOs development.In order to come up with the best
fundraising strategy, it is important
to identify what the needs are of the NGO and what
sources can best fulfill these needs.
Professionalism,communication, and accountability are
crucial for building trust with a potential donor. Also,
understanding why a person or group is supporting a
program, activity, or the NGO as whole is useful in
soliciting them to contribute for a second time or even
continuously.
The NGO has three basic sources from which to find
money for their work.
1. FUND RAISING
This is a distinct category, where the NGO appeals to the
public and persuades individuals and groups to support its
cause. By far the most difficult of the three methods, it
also raises many ideological problems, which could
actually be surrogate counter-arguments to involvement
with an unfamiliar and intimidating approach which calls
for new skills and attitudes.
Currently the organization is already raising the fund from
Alumni, students and other college’s network. Now for the
expansion, the NGO can approach different companies,
corporations, businesses, and institutions to further raise
the money. The CSR funds can be used as a good boost as
well as sustainable growth of the fund stock. The N
also organize few events regularly as a fund raisingactivity to collect the fund. Various religious group
also be approached for the fund raising purpose.
2. FUNDING
There are many International donors interested in th
done by NGOs in India. There are some Indian
institutional donors, although access is not quite so
in the international system.
International donors may be NGOs or government(bilateral and multilateral) organisations.
In India too there are government agencies, althoug
various reasons NGOs are reluctant to work with th
So we need to explore all these option. We can try
contacting these sources to get their support to fund
project of the NGO’s expansion.
3. FUND GENERATIONS
Money from the rent of factors of production is clas
in this category.
It would include income from land (agricultural and
farms seem to be a particular favorites with NGOs,
especially those with a rural orientation) and assets
buildings and facilities.
Income from consultancy or training and workshop
would also fall into this category. The part of monegenerated from the employment benefits can be use
fund the organization.
Interest on funds deposited in banks or return on
investment from business enterprises is yet another
of fund generation.
PROPOSED FINANCIAL SOURCING FOR KARTAVYA
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TIMELINE & STEPS FOR FINANCIAL PLANNING BUDGET RESOURCING
Come Up With a Fundraising Plan. Money required
NGO to operate primarily goes into their education
social programs, the overall operation of the NGO
(administration, utilities), and projects (surveys, giv
programs). Both the board of directors and the exec
director should be active participants in fundraising
is important that writing grants, seeking contributio
other fundraising skills are acquired skills early in
the NGOs development.In order to come up with th
fundraising strategy, it is important
to identify what the needs are of the NGO and what
sources can best fulfil these needs. Professionalism
communication, and accountability are crucial for b
trust with a potential donor. Also, understanding wh
person or group is supporting a program, activity, o
NGO as whole is useful in soliciting them to contri
a second time or even continuously.
The NGO has three basic sources from which to fin
money for their work.
1.FUND RAISING
This is a distinct category, where the NGO appeals
public and persuades individuals and groups to sup
cause. By far the most difficult of the three method
also raises many ideological problems, which could
actually be surrogate counter-arguments to involvem
with an unfamiliar and intimidating approach which
for new skills and attitudes.
Currently the organization is already raising the fun
Alumni, students and other college’s network. Now
expansion, the NGO can approach different compan
corporations, businesses, and institutions to further
the money. The CSR funds can be used as a good b
well as sustainable growth of the fund stock. The N
PROPOSED FINANCIAL SOURCING FOR KARTAVYA CONTD.
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also organize few events regularly as a fund raising
activity to collect the fund. Various religious groups can
also be approached for the fund raising purpose.
2. FUNDING
There are many International donors interested in the work
done by NGOs in India. There are some Indian
institutional donors, although access is not quite so easy as
in the international system.
International donors may be NGOs or government
(bilateral and multilateral) organisations.
In India too there are government agencies, although for
various reasons NGOs are reluctant to work with them.
So we need to explore all these option. We can try
contacting these sources to get their support to fund the
project of the NGO’s expansion.
3 FUND GENERATIONS
Money from the rent of factors of production is classified
in this category.
It would include income from land (agricultural and dairy
farms seem to be a particular favorites with NGOs,
especially those with a rural orientation) and assets like
buildings and facilities.
Income from consultancy or training and workshop
would also fall into this category. The part of mone
generated from the employment benefits can be use
fund the organization.
Interest on funds deposited in banks or return oninvestment from business enterprises is yet another
of fund generation.
The NGO should also devise a plan to generate the
using the investment methodology. For this the NG
tie up with a bank to offer the investor/ fund provid
investment option on less rate (5 %). Investors will
urge for benevolence towards the NGO and hence t
will come up to invest similar to Fixed deposit. The
can use this fund to establish employment inside th
organisation and outside organisation. Further the pcan be used to raise the money stock for further exp
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Driver Plumber Technician Tailor Total
Men 200 150 150 0 500
Expected Monthly Salary 4000 4500 5000
Commison Income 7.5% 7.5% 7.5%
Commision Income Yearly 7,20,000.00 6,07,500.00 6,75,000.00 20,02,500.00
House
Maid Baby sitter Mid Wifes Tailors Total
Women 200 125 100 75 500
Expected Monthly Salary 1500 2000 2500
Commison Income 7.5% 7.5% 7.5%
Commision Income Yearly 2,70,000.00 2,25,000.00 2,25,000.00 7,20,000.00
Total 27,22,500.00
Earning for Tailoring business 11,25,000.00
( It is assumed that on each
person will make us rs 50 after
deducting his daily wage )
38,47,500.00
Admin Expense 24,60,000.00
Net Profit 13,87,500.00
PROPOSED FINANCIAL MODEL FOR KARTAVYA
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Everyone -- donors, stakeholders, and most of all, the board members and other employees -- wants to kn
how the implementation of NGO is working out, and whether it achieves the results that had been expect
need to monitor progress, and evaluate outcomes. Concrete evidence about the outcome of a project is esto decide whether it has actually contributed to the elimination of the problem it was meant to address. F
decisions rely on the quality of such information.
For this, a regular quarterly report should be generated, mentioning the achievements, budget allocation,organizational milestones achieved etc. This should be available online. After watching the transparent p
Donors, stakeholders etc. will feel motivated to come ahead with support further. Also in this way, contin
monitoring and required improvement/ correction in the organization can be brought.
MONITORING AND EVALUATION