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www.lgbttobacco.org * [email protected]
Evaluation model for Evaluation model for community-based community-based tobacco treatment tobacco treatment
groupsgroups
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Authors Authors Authors and Project TeamAuthors and Project Team Scout, Ph.DScout, Ph.D. - Scout is currently the Director of the National LGBT . - Scout is currently the Director of the National LGBT
Tobacco Control Network. He was the project director and later the Tobacco Control Network. He was the project director and later the evaluator for the LGBT Incubation Project. evaluator for the LGBT Incubation Project.
Alice Miele, LICSW, CTTS-MAlice Miele, LICSW, CTTS-M - Alice is a social worker and Master - Alice is a social worker and Master Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialist with five years of cessation Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialist with five years of cessation group facilitation experience. Alice was the Boston group facilitator for group facilitation experience. Alice was the Boston group facilitator for the LGBT Incubation Project and also the Project Coordinator.the LGBT Incubation Project and also the Project Coordinator.
Judith B. Bradford, Ph.D.Judith B. Bradford, Ph.D. - Judy has been working in LGBT health - Judy has been working in LGBT health research for almost thirty years. Judy was the principal investigator on research for almost thirty years. Judy was the principal investigator on the LGBT Incubation Project.the LGBT Incubation Project.
D’hana Perry D’hana Perry - D’hana was the project Research Associate, - D’hana was the project Research Associate, responsible for promotion and recruitment efforts and engaging responsible for promotion and recruitment efforts and engaging participants into the group intervention. participants into the group intervention.
Special thanks to Special thanks to Chris PowersChris Powers and and Rikki SpencerRikki Spencer, the LGBT Incubation , the LGBT Incubation Project Coordinators at the LA and Chicago sites. Their reports and Project Coordinators at the LA and Chicago sites. Their reports and diligent work on this project were integral to the base of information diligent work on this project were integral to the base of information presented here. presented here.
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History History Fenway Community Fenway Community
Health ran an LGBT Health ran an LGBT cessation research cessation research project funded by project funded by American Legacy American Legacy Foundation.Foundation.
As part of this, we As part of this, we needed to evaluate needed to evaluate our efficacy, but no our efficacy, but no model was available.model was available.
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Key indicators of success #1Key indicators of success #1
Through an extensive literature review at the Through an extensive literature review at the beginning of our research project, the following beginning of our research project, the following factors were cited as being related to treatment factors were cited as being related to treatment success. success.
Abstinence self-efficacy (ASE), or the level to Abstinence self-efficacy (ASE), or the level to which you think you will succeedwhich you think you will succeed
Smoking intensitySmoking intensity Years of smoking historyYears of smoking history Social supportSocial support
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Key indicators of success #2Key indicators of success #2
Current life-stressorsCurrent life-stressors Mental health issuesMental health issues Experience of any smoking-related health Experience of any smoking-related health
problemsproblems Number and duration of previous quit Number and duration of previous quit
attemptsattempts Treatment methods (NRT + counsel + Treatment methods (NRT + counsel +
doc advise is best)doc advise is best)
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Lessons learned from our Lessons learned from our evaluationevaluation
There is a need for a standard tobacco There is a need for a standard tobacco evaluation modelevaluation model
Common evaluation strategies do not Common evaluation strategies do not always measure important impact of always measure important impact of program. program.
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Example of underestimationExample of underestimation
For John, he was still smoking at the For John, he was still smoking at the end of the program, and even a few end of the program, and even a few months later. But as a result of his months later. But as a result of his earlier work, he rallied and quit cold earlier work, he rallied and quit cold turkey, at the time of the qualitative turkey, at the time of the qualitative interview, he was approaching his six interview, he was approaching his six month cessation mark. For John, he is month cessation mark. For John, he is frank that the program saved his life. frank that the program saved his life.
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Example of underestimationExample of underestimation
For Stan, the treatment group resulted in a For Stan, the treatment group resulted in a one-day cessation attempt. While this is not one-day cessation attempt. While this is not very remarkable as a statistic, that bald very remarkable as a statistic, that bald assessment ignores the importance of this assessment ignores the importance of this achievement in the context of Stan’s life. achievement in the context of Stan’s life. When he is later interviewed he remarks with When he is later interviewed he remarks with amazement that he was able to give up amazement that he was able to give up cigarettes or 24 hours. This is more than he cigarettes or 24 hours. This is more than he has been able to do in his whole history, and has been able to do in his whole history, and for him, it renews his belief that he one day for him, it renews his belief that he one day can and will quit altogether. can and will quit altogether.
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It needed to be…It needed to be…
SimpleSimple Able to be implemented by community Able to be implemented by community
groupsgroups Not dependent on having an expert Not dependent on having an expert
evaluator on call throughoutevaluator on call throughout Built on our lessons learnedBuilt on our lessons learned
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Evaluation stepsEvaluation steps
Pre-groupPre-group Administer the Administer the Intake Intake andand Fagerstrom Nicotine Tolerance Scale.Fagerstrom Nicotine Tolerance Scale. Optional - Optional - Monitor the CO readings at every evaluation point.Monitor the CO readings at every evaluation point.
Last sessionLast session Administer the Administer the Feedback FormFeedback Form Administer the Administer the FollowupFollowup Readminister the Readminister the Fagerstrom Nicotine Tolerance Scale.Fagerstrom Nicotine Tolerance Scale.
30 days later30 days later Readminister the Readminister the FollowupFollowup and and Fagerstrom Fagerstrom (if indicated)(if indicated)
Report outReport out Report aggregate data for each intake itemReport aggregate data for each intake item Summarize feedback data.Summarize feedback data. Create charts showing pre-post change in followup itemsCreate charts showing pre-post change in followup items Excerpt followup quotes to demonstrate personal impactExcerpt followup quotes to demonstrate personal impact
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More info?More info?
This is an excerpt of the final chapter This is an excerpt of the final chapter of a book entitled of a book entitled How to run a How to run a culturally competent LGBT tobacco culturally competent LGBT tobacco treatment group.treatment group. Available at Available at www.lgbttobacco.orgwww.lgbttobacco.org