www.cwtc-tx.comwww.cwtc-tx.com

Construction Workforce Construction Workforce Training CenterTraining Center

5308 Andrews highway5308 Andrews highway

Odessa, Texas 79762Odessa, Texas 79762

Office: 432 – 366 - 7676Office: 432 – 366 - 7676

Cell: 432 – 967 - 4280Cell: 432 – 967 - 4280

Disclaimer DisclaimerConstruction Workforce Training Center and Dan Construction Workforce Training Center and Dan DudleyDudley will not be responsible for the interpretation or application of any electrical work in any form by any person, company, agency or organization.

The views expressed in this class are personal views and shall not be considered as a “Formal Interpretation”.

This training class is intended solely to focus attention and awareness on the potential electrical safety issues and various methods to address those hazards. The selection of any particular method is the responsibility of the entity or person selecting the method and any questions should be addressed to the appropriate agency or authority.

The National Electrical Code®, NEC®, NFPA®, NESC® are Registered Trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.

OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. This course quotes OSHA regulations however OSHA is in no way associated with this class.

• Licensed Texas Master Electrician TX # 18163• Licensed Unlimited Journeyman Electrician Oklahoma #

104898• Over 20 years electrical construction experience• Over 12 years teaching electrical courses• Craft Training Director / Lead Electrical Instructor• TDLR Licensed Continuing Education Provider• Electrical Safety Instructor (NEC, NESC, NFPA70E, OSHA)• Electrical Exam Preparation Instructor• Author of NEER National Electrical Exam Review Software• Author and Instructor of Continuing Education Course

materialfor 18 states

• Author and Instructor of 18 hour Electrical Exam Preparationtraining class approved for 18 hours CE credit in 17 states

• Director / Lead Electrical Instructor for CWTC, Odessa, TXa US Dept of Labor and Veterans Admin registered 4 year Electrical Apprenticeship training program.

• Licensed Texas Master Electrician TX # 18163• Licensed Unlimited Journeyman Electrician Oklahoma #

104898• Over 20 years electrical construction experience• Over 12 years teaching electrical courses• Craft Training Director / Lead Electrical Instructor• TDLR Licensed Continuing Education Provider• Electrical Safety Instructor (NEC, NESC, NFPA70E, OSHA)• Electrical Exam Preparation Instructor• Author of NEER National Electrical Exam Review Software• Author and Instructor of Continuing Education Course

materialfor 18 states

• Author and Instructor of 18 hour Electrical Exam Preparationtraining class approved for 18 hours CE credit in 17 states

• Director / Lead Electrical Instructor for CWTC, Odessa, TXa US Dept of Labor and Veterans Admin registered 4 year Electrical Apprenticeship training program.

TDLR – Texas Department of Licensing & Regulation

NCCER Certified:• Master Trainer (Instructor Trainer)• Assessment Administrator (DOT,OQ, and CRAFT)• Commercial Electrician• Industrial Electrician• Instrument Technician• Electrical instructor• Pipeline Electrical & instrumentation instructor• Project Management Instructor• Project Supervision Instructor

• Owner Dan Dudley & Associates• Electrical Exam Preparation Training and Software• Electrical Safety Training and Performance Evaluations• Electrical Continuing Education for License Renewal

• Electrical Continuing Education for License Renewal• Texas, Kentucky, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Utah• Ohio, Wyoming, Colorado, Oregon, Montana• Washington, Minnesota, North Carolina, North Dakota• Iowa, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska

NCCER Certified:• Master Trainer (Instructor Trainer)• Assessment Administrator (DOT,OQ, and CRAFT)• Commercial Electrician• Industrial Electrician• Instrument Technician• Electrical instructor• Pipeline Electrical & instrumentation instructor• Project Management Instructor• Project Supervision Instructor

• Owner Dan Dudley & Associates• Electrical Exam Preparation Training and Software• Electrical Safety Training and Performance Evaluations• Electrical Continuing Education for License Renewal

• Electrical Continuing Education for License Renewal• Texas, Kentucky, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Utah• Ohio, Wyoming, Colorado, Oregon, Montana• Washington, Minnesota, North Carolina, North Dakota• Iowa, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska

NCCER – National Center for Construction Education and Research

•Very PAINFULLY Very PAINFULLY curablecurable

•NOT NOT CURABLECURABLE

•According to burn centers, if your age

and the percentage of burns over your body is equal to or greater than 100 your odds of survival are less than

5%

Electrical HazardsElectrical HazardsElectrical HazardsElectrical Hazards

• ShockShock• ElectrocutionElectrocution• FireFire• Arc flashArc flash• Arc blastArc blast• Static Static

ElectricityElectricity

• ShockShock• ElectrocutionElectrocution• FireFire• Arc flashArc flash• Arc blastArc blast• Static Static

ElectricityElectricity

Example of an arcing fault

Electrical ShockElectrical Shock

• Received when current passes Received when current passes through the bodythrough the body

• Severity of the shock depends Severity of the shock depends on:on:• PathPath of current through the of current through the

bodybody• Amount of currentAmount of current flowing flowing

through the bodythrough the body• Length of timeLength of time the body is in the body is in

the circuitthe circuit• LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN

LOW HAZARDLOW HAZARD

• Received when current passes Received when current passes through the bodythrough the body

• Severity of the shock depends Severity of the shock depends on:on:• PathPath of current through the of current through the

bodybody• Amount of currentAmount of current flowing flowing

through the bodythrough the body• Length of timeLength of time the body is in the body is in

the circuitthe circuit• LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN

LOW HAZARDLOW HAZARD

Electric ArcElectric Arc

Copper Vapor:Solid to VaporExpands by67,000 times

Intense Light

Hot Air-Rapid Expansion

35,000 °F

Pressure Waves

Sound Waves

Molten Metal

Shrapnel

•Limited Approach Boundary

Nearest an UNQUALIFIED

Person can approach

•Restricted Approach Boundary

Must be a QUALIFIED PERSON

that understands the hazards

•Prohibited Approach Boundary

Same as contacting ENERGIZED

conductors

Based upon Arc Flash PotentialBased upon Arc Flash Potential

• Flash Protection BoundaryFlash Protection Boundary• Based upon the distance at which a 1.2cal (2Based upon the distance at which a 1.2cal (2ndnd

degree) burn could be receiveddegree) burn could be received• Defined as “An approach limit at a distance Defined as “An approach limit at a distance

from exposed live parts within which a person from exposed live parts within which a person could receive a 2could receive a 2ndnd degree burn if an electrical degree burn if an electrical arc flash were to occur”.arc flash were to occur”.

• This is This is NOT THE SAFE BOUNDARYNOT THE SAFE BOUNDARY

• Flash Protection BoundaryFlash Protection Boundary• Based upon the distance at which a 1.2cal (2Based upon the distance at which a 1.2cal (2ndnd

degree) burn could be receiveddegree) burn could be received• Defined as “An approach limit at a distance Defined as “An approach limit at a distance

from exposed live parts within which a person from exposed live parts within which a person could receive a 2could receive a 2ndnd degree burn if an electrical degree burn if an electrical arc flash were to occur”.arc flash were to occur”.

• This is This is NOT THE SAFE BOUNDARYNOT THE SAFE BOUNDARY

Limits of Approach – Limited Approach Boundary

Limits of Approach – Limited Approach Boundary

Energized panel

(<750V)

Prohibited Restricted Limited

3 feet 6 inches for 480V

The closest distance an “unqualified” person can approach, unless escorted by a “qualified” person.

Limits of Approach – Restricted Approach

Boundary

Limits of Approach – Restricted Approach

Boundary

Energized part

Prohibited Restricted The closest distance to exposed live parts a “qualified” person can approach w/out proper PPE and tools.

To cross this boundary, the qualified person must wear PPE and have proper tools.

12 inches for 480 volts

Limits of Approach - ShockLimits of Approach - Shock

Energized part

Prohibited

Crossed ONLY by a “qualified” person, which when crossed by body part or object, requires the same protection as if direct contact was made with the live part.

1 inch for 480 volts

Limits of Approach – Flash Protection Boundary

Limits of Approach – Flash Protection Boundary

Energized part

Prohibited Restricted Limited

•The distance from exposed live parts within which a person could receive a second degree burn if an arc flash were to occur.

•Arc flash PPE is required within this boundary.

•Note: Distance may be less than or greater than the shock protection boundaries.

Calculated distance

Flash Protection Boundary

240 Volts and Less

277 – 600 volts Other Equipment

Electrical PPE for Arc Flash and Arc Blast

Hazard Risk Category 0

Hazard Risk Category 1

Hazard Risk Category 2

Hazard Risk Category 3 & 4

Flash hazard analysis and NEC 110.16 arc-flash labelFlash hazard analysis and NEC 110.16 arc-flash label

NEC® 2008 - 110.16 Flash ProtectionElectrical equipment, such as switchboards, panelboards, industrial control panels, meter socket enclosures, and motor control centers, that are in other than dwelling occupancies, and are likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized shall be field marked to warn qualified persons of potential electric arc flash hazards. The marking shall be located so as to be clearly visible to qualified persons before examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance of the equipment.

•FPN No. 1: NFPA 70E-2004, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, provides assistance in determining severity of potential exposure, planning safe work practices, and selecting personal protective equipment.

•FPN No. 2: ANSI Z535.4-1998, Product Safety Signs and Labels, provides guidelines for the design of safety signs and labels for application to products.

NEC® 2008 - 110.16 Flash ProtectionElectrical equipment, such as switchboards, panelboards, industrial control panels, meter socket enclosures, and motor control centers, that are in other than dwelling occupancies, and are likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized shall be field marked to warn qualified persons of potential electric arc flash hazards. The marking shall be located so as to be clearly visible to qualified persons before examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance of the equipment.

•FPN No. 1: NFPA 70E-2004, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, provides assistance in determining severity of potential exposure, planning safe work practices, and selecting personal protective equipment.

•FPN No. 2: ANSI Z535.4-1998, Product Safety Signs and Labels, provides guidelines for the design of safety signs and labels for application to products.

NEC 110.16 ARC-FLASH labelNEC 110.16 ARC-FLASH label

Minimum required marking for 110.16 Minimum required marking for 110.16 compliancecompliance

Minimum required marking for 110.16 Minimum required marking for 110.16 compliancecompliance

WARNING !Arc Flash and Shock Hazards

Appropriate PPE RequiredFailure to Comply Can Result in Death or

InjuryRefer to NFPA 70E

34 inch Flash Hazard Boundary•23 cal/cm Flash Hazard at 18 inches

1 Hazard Risk Category 4 cal/cm2 shirt & pants hard hat, safety glasses, FR rated faceshield

480 VAC Shock Hazard 42 inch Limited Approach12 inch Restricted Approach1 inch Prohibited Approach

Equipment Name: XYZ Motor Starter

WARNING !Arc Flash and Shock Hazards

Appropriate PPE RequiredFailure to Comply Can Result in Death or Injury

500V Class 00 gloves, leather protectors

NEC 110.16 ARC-FLASH labelwith more information

NEC 110.16 ARC-FLASH labelwith more information

For practical application needs

to be feet

OSHA

Electrical Safety Requirements

NFPA 70E Qualified Person NFPA 70E Qualified Person

A qualified person shall be trained and knowledgeable of construction and operation of equipment or work method and trained to recognize and avoid hazard (110.6(D)(1))

• Familiar with precautionary techniques, personal protective equipment including arc flash, insulating and shielding materials, insulated tools and test equipment

• Distinguish exposed energized parts from other parts

• Determine nominal voltage of live parts

• Understand safe approach distances in Table 130.2C

• Determine personal protective equipment for task

A qualified person shall be trained and knowledgeable of construction and operation of equipment or work method and trained to recognize and avoid hazard (110.6(D)(1))

• Familiar with precautionary techniques, personal protective equipment including arc flash, insulating and shielding materials, insulated tools and test equipment

• Distinguish exposed energized parts from other parts

• Determine nominal voltage of live parts

• Understand safe approach distances in Table 130.2C

• Determine personal protective equipment for task

Regulations

OSHA GENERAL DUTY CLAUSE 29 USC 654 Section 5 (a) (1)

(a) Each employer

(1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees;

(2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act.

(b) Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions and conduct.

This snake was found dead on the electric fence in This snake was found dead on the electric fence in a oil compound in Nigeriaa oil compound in Nigeria

This snake was found dead on the electric fence in This snake was found dead on the electric fence in a oil compound in Nigeriaa oil compound in Nigeria