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ANCIENT GREEK ANCIENT GREEK CULTURE CULTURE

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Page 1: greek

ANCIENT GREEK ANCIENT GREEK CULTURECULTURE

Page 2: greek

HUMANISM

• end (for a while) of god-kings

• “Man is the measure of all things” – Protagoras (p. 61 box)

• plenty of gods but no sacred text or dogma

• art reveals a delight in the human form

Page 3: greek

amphora ca. 530 B.C.; ArchaicAttributed to the Euphiletos PainterGreek

Terracotta; H. 24 1/2 in.

Human figures as decoration

Black-figure technique

(not in textbook)

Page 4: greek

SEE TEXT p. 46Red-on-black

Page 5: greek

Three periods

• Archaic (650-490 BC)

• Classical (480-323 BC)

• Hellenistic (323-145 BC)

about 500 years in all

Page 6: greek

Archaic

• epic and lyric poetry

• evolution and change in works such as in terracotta from black figure to red figure

• Pythagoras

Page 7: greek

Classical (480-323 BC)

• Plato, Aristotle

• Theater – comedy & tragedy

Sophocles (p. 59): Oedipus Rex, Antigone (play titles)

about 150 years

Page 8: greek

Golden Age

480-404 BC (or 480-430 BC)

Beginning of Classical Period

76 years! (or only 50)

of demos (people) kratos (power)

Democracy! (Also an Imperial era)

Page 9: greek

Hellenistic (323-145 BC)

• Works more dramatic

• First to look back on “the good ol’ days” – Classical Greece

• Alexander’s empire

• Other philosophies: Skepticism, Epicureanism, Stoicism

• doesn’t really end in 145 BC; continues while attention shifts to Rome, which invades Greece in 145 BC

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Change in Greek sculpture

An illustration of the 3 periods

Page 11: greek

kouros Kouros

monumental sculpture of human (6 ft.)

Text p. 47

KEY IMAGE

Page 12: greek

What is a kouros?free-standing nude MALE youth.

MALE = IDEAL

sculpture would be outside a temple or serve as a grave-marker

possibly a god, but usually a human athlete

rigid symmetry from Egyptian roots

"stylized geometry"

note – the term is singular

Page 13: greek

Kore - female

kore Text p. 47

Page 14: greek

The Archaic Smile

Text p. 47

Page 15: greek

The first evidence of change in sculpture

Kritios boyKritios boy No Archaic smileNo Archaic smile New idea . . .New idea . . .

ContrappostoContrapposto (weight shift; literally, eight shift; literally, “placed opposite”)“placed opposite”)

Idealized form Idealized form - perfection- perfection

Page 16: greek

Kritios boy

Ideal proportions?CLASSICAL

TEXT p. 56 KEY IMAGE

Page 17: greek

Vitruvius: Principles of Symmetry (Roman, c. 30 BC)

Probably based on writings of Polycleitus (Classical Greek)

open hand = chin to top of hairline = 1/10 of entire body height

head from chin to top = 1/8middle of the breast to top of head = ¼bottom of chin to nostrils = nose to eyebrow = 1/3 of facelength of the foot = 1/6 of body heightforearm = breadth of the breast = 1/4

Page 18: greek

Leonardo da Vinci,

Proportional study of a man

in the manner of Vitruvius

TEXTBOOK p. 190

Page 19: greek

dynamic pose!

bronze

Poseidon/Zeus?

Page 20: greek

Discobolus Discus Thrower(Discobolus)by Myron

Text p. 57

Page 21: greek

S-curve

Hermes and

Dionysis

Text p. 55

Page 22: greek

Riace Warrior

TEXT

p. 56-57

Page 23: greek

HELLENISTIC-- dramatic!- c. 150 BC

Laocoön and his two sons (lay ahk a wan)

KEY IMAGE p. 66

Page 24: greek

More Hellenistic examplesp. 66

Copy after bronze original

Page 25: greek

More Hellenistic examples

Copy after bronze original

Page 26: greek

More Hellenistic examples – Athena Slaying Giant, Pergamon, c, 180 BC p. 65

Page 27: greek

More Hellenistic examples p. 65


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