wtp604management of preconstruction activities

WTP 604MANAGEMENT OF PRE-

CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

COURSE OUTCOMES:

AT THE END OF THE COURSE, THE PARTICIPANTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO:-

1. ADMINISTER CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORKS DOCUMENTATION

2. COORDINATE SITE INVESTIGATION3. PREPARE CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL METHOD

STATEMENT4. PREPARE CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORK

PROGRAMME5. ORGANISE PRELIMINARY ITEMS6. ORGANISE SETTING OUT7. ORGANISE SITE CLEARANCE

ADMINISTER CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORKS

DOCUMENTATION

ALIRAN PROSES KONTRAK KERJA(KAEDAH KONVENSIONAL)

PERINGKATMENENDER

J/K PenilaianTender

PENGANUGERAHAN KONTRAK/MULA

KONRAK

TEMPOH PERLAKSANAAN

KERJA

TARIKH SIAP ASAL / KONTRAK

Gagal

Berjaya

TAK SIAP

EOT DENDA KELEWATA

N

KontrakTamat

TARIKH SIAP SEMASA / SEBENAR

TAK LULUS

LULUS

TEMPOH TANGGUNG KECACATAN

SIJIL SIAP BAIKIKECACATAN

BAIKI KECACATA

N

ADA KECACATAN

TIADA KECACATAN

Surat Setuju Terima

(LA)

Sijil Siap Kerja

(CPC)

GMGD

Peringkat Menender:MEMAHAMI & MELENGKAPKAN BORANG

TENDER

Para 3.

Dan selanjutnya, yang bertandatangan di bawah ini bersetuju menyiapkan Kerja-Kerja itu dalam masa............................... hari/minggu/bulan * dari tarikh pemilikan tapakbina atau dalam apa-apa tempoh lanjutan yang diperuntukkan dalam Syarat-Syarat Kontrak

Para 4.

Jumlah amaun Tender ini ialah jumlah wang pukal sebanyak Ringgit Malaysia …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………iaitu, RM..………………………………….

(SYARAT WAJIB)

DENGAN PERKATAAN

ANGKA

Peringkat Menender:MEMAHAMI & MELENGKAPKAN BORANG

TENDER

Bertarikh pada................ haribulan......... 20......................................................................Tandatangan Pentender

Nama Penuh : ...........................................

Atas sifat : ...............................................

yang diberikuasa dengan sempurnanyauntuk menandatangani Tender ini untukdan bagi pihak:.................................................................Meterai atau cap Pentender

Saksi : ......................................................

Nama Penuh : ..........................................

Pekerjaan : ................................................

Alamat : ...................................................

....................................................

(SYARAT WAJIB)

Selepas PenganugerahanTender:MENYEMAK & MEMAHAMI SURAT SETUJU TERIMA

(A) TARIKH MILK TAPAK(B) TARIKH SIAP(C) JUMLAH HARGA KONTRAK

Initial Stage-Contractual matter (2 weeks)

Recurring stage- constructional matter

OnCompletion

(A) (B)

Kerja awalan

Kerja FizikalTEMPOH DAN HARGA KONTRAK (RM)

Dokumen kontrak adalah merupakan suatu dokumen yang merekodkan terma-terma kontrak bagi menjelaskan hak dan tanggungjawab pihak-pihak yang berkontrak secara bertulis dan sangat penting dalam pelaksanaan kerja pembinaan. Di antara sebab lain mengapa Dokumen Kontrak diperlukan adalah seperti berikut:

(a)ia boleh menjelaskan skop kerja yang perlu dilakukan;

(b) menetapkan harga dan tempoh siap; dan

(c) menjelaskan tindakan yang boleh diambil jika terdapat sebarang kemungkiran atau pertikaian oleh mana-mana pihak.

DOKUMEN KONTRAK

SYARAT SEBELUM MEMULAKAN KONTRAK:

Para 7.

Yang bertandatangan di bawah ini berniat, jika Tender ini disetujuterima memilih salah satu daripada bentuk Bon Pelaksanaan seperti berikut:

*(i) Jaminan Bank/Bank Islam/Bank Pembangunan & Infrastruktur Malaysia Berhad (BPIMB) atau

*(ii) Jaminan Syarikat Kewangan atau

*(iii) Jaminan Insurans/Takaful atau *(iv) Wang Jaminan Pelaksanaan yang dikenakan potongan sebanyak sepuluh

peratus (10%) daripada setiap bayaran interim sehingga mencapai jumlah lima peratus (5%) daripada Jumlah Harga Kontrak.

MENDAPATKAN BON PERLAKSANAAN:

Bank Gerenti

Wang JaminanPerlaksanaan

BON PERLAKSANAAN5% x Contract Sum)

JaminanInsuran

Ciri-ciri: 1 : 1Wang dibekukan oleh bank selama tempoh kontrak + Tempoh Tanggungan Kecacatan(12 bln) + 3 bulan 14 hari

Tuntutan untuk melepaskan wang tahanan boleh dibuat dengan syarat: mengemukakan “Sijil Membaiki Kecacatan” dan surat dari klien kepada bank yang membenarkan pelepasan wang tahanan

Bayaran yang dikenakan:•Premium•Stamp duty•Colletural

Wang Jaminan Perlaksanaan akan ditolak sebanyak 10% daripada setiap bayaran interim (mulai interim pertama) sehingga ianya mencapai 5% dari jumlah harga kontrak.

Kelebihan: “No Losses” dan dapat faedah (interest) dari bank

Keburukan : Kekurangan Aliran Tunai

Kelebihan: Jumlah wang tahanan adalah rendah (cash colletural)

Keburukan: Kontraktor akan “kerugian” premium + part of colletura (± 40%)

Kelebihan: Tiada perbelanjaan untuk bon

Keburukan: Bayaran interim akan berkurangan (dalam tempoh tertentu)



OnCompletion

(A) (B)

INSURAN TANGGUNGAN AWAM PUBLIC (LIABILITY INSURANCE)INSURAN KERJA (INSURANCE OF WORK)INSURANCE PAMPASAN PEKERJA (WORKMEN COMPENSATION INSURANCE - WCI)

ATAU

C.A.R POLISI (Kesemua risiko kontraktor)Merangkumi insuran tanggungan

awam dan insuran kerja sahaja



OnCompletion

(A) (B)

Syarat-syaratnya:

Kontraktor mesti mendaftar (buka akaun) pekerja di bawah skim socso khusus untuk projok berkenaan sahaja

Kontrajtor harus membuka fail dengan pihak socso untuk mendapatkan no fail majikan dan penyenaraikan nama pekerja yang di khususkan untuk kerja berkenaan.

Kelonggaran diberikan kepada kontraktor dimana kontraktor boleh membuka fail memadai dengan menyeranaikan sekurang-kurangnya seorang pekerja. Senarai ini perlu dikemaskini dari masa ke semasa mengikut pertambahan bilangan pekerja yang terlibat.



OnCompletion

(A) (B)Bernilai 0.25% x Nilai Kontrak

No fail CIDB perlu dicetakkan pada ‘singboard’ projek. Jika kontraktor gagal berbuat demikian denda akan dikenakan.

COORDINATE SITE INVESTIGATION

SITE INVESTIGATION

Site Investigation is the gathering of the information about the

proposed location of a project, e.g. highway or buildings.

The Importance of SIi. To study the general suitability of the

site for an engineering project.ii. To enable a safe, practical and economic

design to be prepared.iii. To determine the possible difficulties

that may be encountered by a specific construction method for any particular civil project.

iv. To study the suitability of construction material (soil or rock).

Obviously, it is a part of geotechnical processes in preliminary stage.

Lack of geotechnical processes will lead to a:i. Failures where many case histories are

available.ii. Significant delay and increase in construction

costs when the design has to be revised or amended.

Generally the elimination of the site investigation will not safe the cost of the project thus it only comprises from only 0.1% to 5% of the project cost.

The Purpose of Site Investigation

1. The site investigation is aimed at providing sufficient reliable subsurface information for most economical, satisfactorily safe foundation for the proposed structure.

2. The site investigation should reveal sufficient subsurface information for the design and construction of a stable foundation safe from both collapse and detrimental movements.

The Scope of Site Investigation

• Topography• Soil profile• Ground-water condition

The Stages of Site Investigation

In general, a site investigation program should comprise four stages, i.e. :

• Desk study and site reconnaissance,• Preliminary ground investigation,• Detailed ground investigation,• Monitoring

Desk study and site reconnaissance

• The desk study is the first stage of the site investigation process which involves researching the site to gain as much information as possible, both geological and historical.

• A good starting point is to use Ordinance survey maps which allow the selection of the site by obtaining accurate grid reference through the maps.

• In addition to present maps, old maps are used to gain historical information such as former uses of the site; concealed mine workings; in filled ponds; old pits; disused quarries; changes in potential landslide areas, etc.

The source of information that useful in desk study:

1. Geological map

Geological maps are probably most important source of information as these give and excellent indication of the sort of ground conditions like to be encountered.

2. Aerial photography

Aerial photography is another extremely useful source of information on topography and ground conditions.

3. Records of previous investigation

Records of previous investigation reports also helpful in a desk study. The many sources of site investigation data include previous company and Public Works Departement.

The reconnaissance phase of a site investigation

• This site investigation is done through a site visit or walk-over survey.

• Important evidences to look for are site lay out, surface condition, climate and hazards water levels, etc.

• Generally the desk study and reconnaissance is aimed at the feasibility study of the being planned.

• If the desk study shows that the site is feasible for the structure, then preliminary investigation should follows.

Preliminary Investigation• Preliminary Investigation is aimed at predicting the

geological structures, soil profiles and the position of ground water table by geophysical method or by making a few boreholes.

• The investigation should give information on the existence on ground structures that may need closer examination: for example,

1. The extent of disturbed strata,2. The location and extend of natural cavities and mine workings.3. Fractures and river crossings or alluvial areas that may have

buried soft material or pet, their liability to cause subsidence, surface movements or instability

4. Information on suitability of soil for fills work, ground water condition and the possibility of flooding should be provided at this stage.

Detailed Investigation

• At this stage, the extent of the test, number and depth of boreholes, selection of appropriate equipment for field testing and the choice of laboratory testing are made.

• Soil exploration consists of three steps:1. Boring and in-situ testing,2. Sampling,3. Laboratory testing.

Monitoring

• Monitoring during construction and maintenance period is required whether the expectations of the proceeding investigation have been realize.

• No one can ensure that the soil parameters used for design is the most representative of the soil conditions at the site unless the response is observed.

• Field observation can help for early diagnosis and redemption of any problem that might be encountered during construction.

• Among the measurement made during the monitoring stage are the settlement, displacement, deformation, inclination, and pore water pressure.

Steps of Soil Exploration

A.BORINGSoil borings are the most common method of subsurface exploration in the field. A bore hole is used to determine the nature of the ground in a qualitative manner and then recover disturbed and undisturbed samples for quantitative examination.Some types of borings are hand/mechanical auger borings, wash borings, percussion drilling, rotary drilling, and core borings. An auger is a screw-like tool used to bore a hole.Some augers are operated by hand: others are power operated

BORE HOLES

34

Boring Logs

Hand/Mechanical Auger

• Hand augers may be used for boring to a depth of about 6 m.

• Power augers may be used for boring to a depth of about 10 to 30 m.

• As the hole is bored a short distance, the auger may be lifted to removed soil. The removed soil can be used for field classification and laboratory testing, but it must not be considered as an undisturbed soil sample.

• Power auger set with a drill rig can be used to obtain samples from deeper strata. Some rigs can be used to drill a hole to 100 m depth.

Wash Boring

• Wash borings consists of simultaneous drilling and jetting action. A hole is bored through a casing by using a drilling bit.

• Jetting action is accomplished by pumping water downward through the drilling bit to soften the soil. Samples taken using the wash boring methods are disturbed sample.

Percussion Drilling

• Percussion Drilling is the process of making boreholes by striking the soil then removing it.

• The tools are repeatedly dropped down the borehole while suspended by wire from the power winch.

• Water is circulated to bring the soil cuttings to the ground surface.

• A casing and a pump are required to circulate the water.

Rotary Drilling

• Rotary Drilling uses rotation of the drill bit with the simultaneous application of pressure to advance the hole.

• This method is the most rapid method of advancing a hole in soil and rock.

• Drilling mud may be needed to prevent soil cave-in.

• Sample obtained from drilling by this method is relatively less disturbed as compared to samples obtained by the preceding methods.

41

Boring tools

Auger boring Power drills

42

SOIL BORING

1.2 Confirmatory Bearing Capacity Of Soil

The Contractor shall conduct a Probe Test as stated in the Drawings to confirm the required design bearing capacity. The Contractor shall submit the Probe Test result to the S.O. for approval.

STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING WORKS 2014SECTION C : FOUNDATION WORKS AND WORKS BELOW

LOWEST FLOOR LEVEL

HAMMER 4.5KG

28 cm

ROD 16mm Ø; 1.2M Long

GAMBAR UJIAN MAKINTOSH DIJALANKANBAGI MENDAPATKAN NILAI KEUPAYAAN GALAS TANAH.

JKR PROBE

Rod 16mm Ø, 1.2 meter long

Starter kun 300 & 600

Hammer 4.5kg

Couplin

JKR Probe/Makintosh Probe

PREPARE CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL METHOD

STATEMENT

What is a Work Method Statements ?

A Work Method Statements is a document detailing how a

particular task or activity will be carried out

14.1.2 Method statements

14.1.2.1 The Contractor shall also furnish in writing to

the S.O. or S.O’s Representatives particulars of the

Contractor’s method statements for carrying out such

works and of the construction plant and temporary

works, if any, which the Contractor intends to supply,

use or construct as the case may be. The submission

to and approval by the S.O. or the S.O.’s

Representatives of such programme or the furnishing

of such particulars shall not relieve the Contractor of

any of his duties or responsibilities under the

Contract.

STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING WORKS 2014

SECTION A: PRELIMINARIES AND GENERAL CONDITIONS

What is the purpose of a Work Method Statements ?

To outline a correct, systematic and safe method

of work for the particular task or activity

To provide an induction document that workers

must read/understand before starting a task to

meet legal compliance, hazard identification and

control

To help plan for the task ahead of time

To provide the Supervisor with a procedure for

completing the work

Where does a Work Method Statements sit in the hierarchy of the construction site?

A Work Method Statements is part of your Quality

Plan

Your Quality Plan will include a list of required

Work Method Statements for the Project

The Work Method Statements will be produced as

site specific to cover the required task

PREPARE CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORK

PROGRAMME

BORANG JKR203/203A:MENJELASKAN BERKAITAN PROGRAM

KERJA

PERANCANGAN“PERANCANGAN IALAH PROSES PEMBUATAN KEPUTUSAN TERDAHULU TERHADAP APA YANG PERLU DIBUAT DAN BAGAIMANA”

K&R 478

IA MELIBATKAN MISSI KESELURUHAN, KENALPASTI PENYELESAIAN UTAMA, TENTUKAN OBJEKTIF, KEMBANGKAN POLISI, PROGRAM, PROSEDUR UNTUK MEMCAPAINYA.

CIRI-CIRI:MASA DEPANTINDAKANPLAN TINDAKAN/PENCAPAIAN

The plan is

What needs to be done

How to do it

Who will do it

How long will it take?

How much will it costs?

Starting the Project Plan: The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

What is to be done When it is to be started and finished Who is going to do it Some activities must be done

sequentially Some activities may be done

simultaneously Many things must happen when and how

they are supposed to happen Each detail is uncertain and subjected to

risk

a) Lukisan senibina (Architectural drawings)• lukisan utama yang dijadikan rujukan kepada jurutera awam, struktur,

mekanikal dan elektrikal.• Menunjukkan maklumat projek : lokasi, dimensi, dan bahan yang digunakan.• Sebarang percanggahan di dalam dimensi perlu dimaklumkan kepada

pegawai berkenaan.

b) Lukisan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal & Elektrikal (Mechanical & Electrical Drawings)

• Menunjukkan aturcara dan aturan terhadap aspek mekanikal dan elektrikal.• Termasuk pemasangan penghawa dingin, peralatan pencegah kebakaran,

sistem di makmal komputer sekolah, sistem hidraulik di makmal kejuruteraan di universiti dan lain-lain.

JENIS-JENIS LUKISAN RUJUKAN

C) Lukisan Kejuruteraan Awam dan Struktur untuk pembinaan (Civil & Structural Drawings)

• Digunakan dalam pembinaan jalanraya, perparitan, pembentungan serta paip sumber air.

• Struktur merupakan lukisan yang menunjukkan saiz kekuda bumbung, rasuk, ketebalan papak lantai dan tebal papak.

SPESIFIKASI• amat penting di dalam merancang perolehan alatan dan bahan.• memberikan keterangan yang jelas mengenai mutu atau gred alatan dan bahan

yang diperlukan.• perolehan yang menepati kehendak kerja dapat menganggar kos dengan tepat

secara tidak langsung.• Spesifikasi mempunyai 2 fungsi: alat komunikasi kepada pembekal mengenai kehendak bahan dan khidmat yang

perlu dibekalkan. Kriteria terhadap bahan dan khidmat yang sebenar diberikan oleh pembekal

dibandingkan. Rujuk rajah 4

PROGRAMMING AND SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES:o BAR CHARTo ARROW NETWORKINGo CRITICAL PATH METHODo PERT - Program Evaluation and

Review Techniqueo PRECEDENCE DIAGRAMo RESOURCE AGGREGATION &

LEVELLINGo LINE OF BALANCE

o PERT was developed for the Polaris missile/submarine project in 1958

o CPM developed by DuPont during the same time

o Initially, CPM and PERT were two different approachesCPM used deterministic time

estimates and allowed project crunching

PERT used probabilistic time estimates

o Microsoft Project (and others) have blended CPM and PERT into one approach

Terminologyo Activity - A specific task or set of tasks that

are required by the project, use up resources, and take time to complete

o Event - The result of completing one or more activities

o Network - The combination of all activities and events that define a project

Drawn left-to-right Connections represent predecessors

Terminology….o Path - A series of connected activitieso Critical - An activity, event, or path which, if

delayed, will delay the completion ofo the projecto Critical Path - The path through the project

where, if any activity is delayed, the project is delayed

There is always a critical path There can be more than one critical

patho Sequential Activities - One activity must be

completed before the next one can begin-Parallel

Probability Considerations on Activity Duration Estimates

Optimistic time: time to complete

an activity if everything goes

perfectly well.

Most likely time: time to complete

an activity under normal conditions.

Pessimistic time: time to complete

an activity under adverse

circumstances.

PROGRAMMING AND SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES:

COMPUTER SOFTWARES:

MICROSOFT PROJECT PRIMAVERA

No Item Block A Block B Block C Consumer Sub Station Rumah Sampah Kafeteria Pondok Pengawal Sewerage

Treatment Plant OVERALL 0% A Site Preparation 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%B Surveying Works 60% 75% 75% 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% C Structure Works 1 Earthwork 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 25%2 Piling Works 47% 100% 100% 0% 0% 7% 0% 0%3 Pile Cap 0% 0% 90% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%4 Stump 0% 0% 90% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%5 Ground Beam & Slab 0% 0% 60% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%6 Ground Wall & Column 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%7 1st Floor Beam & Slab 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%8 1st Floor Wall & Column 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%9 2nd Floor Beam & Slab 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%10 2nd Floor Wall & Column 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% D Architecture Works 1 Brickwork 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

WORK PROGRESS SUMMARY

http://bina-rumah.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/work-schedule1.jpg

NADI CERGAS SDN BHD

PROGRESS S-CURVE

23

DATE TARGET ACTUAL

March-14 0.00 0.00

April-14 2.00 0.00

May-14 3.00 0.00

June-14 4.00 1.00

July-14 5.00 1.80

August-14 6.00 2.80

September-14 7.00 5.00

October-14 7.50 6.00

November-14 9.00 8.00

December-14 11.00

January-15 13.00

February-15 16.00

March-15 21.00

April-15 26.00

May-15 33.00

June-15 40.00

July-15 48.00

August-15 55.00

September-15 61.00

October-15 67.00

November-15 72.00

December-15 77.00

January-16 82.00

February-16 86.00

March-16 89.00

April-16 93.00

May-16 95.00

June-16 97.00

July-16 99.00

August-16 99.50

September-16 100.00

October-16 100.00

Ma

r-1

4

Ap

r-1

4

Ma

y-1

4

Ju

n-1

4

Ju

l-1

4

Au

g-1

4

Se

p-1

4

Oc

t-1

4

No

v-1

4

De

c-1

4

Ja

n-1

5

Fe

b-1

5

Ma

r-1

5

Ap

r-1

5

Ma

y-1

5

Ju

n-1

5

Ju

l-1

5

Au

g-1

5

Se

p-1

5

Oc

t-1

5

No

v-1

5

De

c-1

5

Ja

n-1

6

Fe

b-1

6

Ma

r-1

6

Ap

r-1

6

Ma

y-1

6

Ju

n-1

6

Ju

l-1

6

Au

g-1

6

Se

p-1

6

Oc

t-1

6

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

100.00

0.02.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 7.5

9.011.0

13.016.0

21.0

26.0

33.0

40.0

48.0

55.0

61.0

67.0

72.0

77.0

82.0

86.089.0

93.095.0

97.099.099.5100.0100.0

0.000.000.001.001.802.805.006.00

8.00

TARGETACTUAL

DURATION (TOTAL 30 MONTHS)

% W

OR

K D

ON

E

NADI CERGAS SDN BHD

MONETARY S-CURVE

25

Marc

h-1

4

May-1

4

June-1

4

July

-14

August

-14

Septe

mber-

14

Oct

ober-

14

Novem

ber-

14

Dece

mber-

14

January

-15

Febru

ary

-15

Marc

h-1

5

Apri

l-15

May-1

5

June-1

5

July

-15

August

-15

Septe

mber-

15

Oct

ober-

15

Novem

ber-

15

Dece

mber-

15

January

-16

Febru

ary

-16

Marc

h-1

6

Apri

l-16

May-1

6

June-1

6

July

-16

August

-16

Septe

mber-

16

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

0.02.0

4.05.06.07.09.010.0

14.017.0

21.025.0

30.034.0

38.042.0

46.049.0

53.056.0

59.063.0

67.071.0

75.0

85.0

92.095.0

98.099.0100.0

0.0

4.84.84.84.88.1

10.8

0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0

Target

% % RM RMDATE TARGET ACTUAL TARGET ACTUAL

Mar-14 0.0 0.0 0 0.00Apr-14 2.0 4.8 948 2,297,584.31May-14 4.0 4.8 1,895 2,297,584.31Jun-14 5.0 4.8 2,369 2,297,584.31Jul-14 6.0 4.8 2,843 2,297,584.31Aug-14 7.0 8.1 3,317 3,856,552.46Sep-14 9.0 10.8 4,265 5,133,647.85Oct-14 10.0 4,739Nov-14 14.0 6,634Dec-14 17.0 8,056Jan-15 21.0 9,951Feb-15 25.0 11,847Mar-15 30.0 14,216Apr-15 34.0 16,112May-15 38.0 18,007Jun-15 42.0 19,903Jul-15 46.0 21,798Aug-15 49.0 23,220Sep-15 53.0 25,115Oct-15 56.0 26,537Nov-15 59.0 27,958Dec-15 63.0 29,854Jan-16 67.0 31,749Feb-16 71.0 33,645Mar-16 75.0 35,540Apr-16 85.0 40,279May-16 92.0 43,596Jun-16 95.0 45,018Jul-16 98.0 46,439Aug-16 99.0 46,913Sep-16 100.0 47,387

ORGANISE PRELIMINARY ITEMS

04/21/2023 81

PRELIMINARIES merupakan senarai arahan kerja yang perlu dilaksanakan oleh pihak Kontraktor bagi tujuan penyediaan atau persiapan tapak bina.

04/21/2023 82

Keterangan :• Preliminaries adalah merupakan

salah satu daripada kandungan Dokumen Tender atau Dokumen Kontrak,

• ianya merupakan arahan yang perlu dipatuhi oleh pihak Kontraktor dalam melaksanakan kerja pembinaan.

04/21/2023 83

Dalam penyediaan Preliminaries , Juru Ukur Bahan akan mengenal pasti

terlebih dahulu tentang perkara yang perlu dinyatakan.

Ia bergantung kepada o kepentingan, o keperluan projek dan o kehendak Majikan.

Penyediaannya adalah berbeza di antara satu projek dengan projek yang lain.

PELAKSANAAN IBS

SKOR IBS ≥ 70%

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Senarai yang terkandung dalam Preliminaries dipecahkan kepada dua :-

i. Perlu dihargakan ii. Tidak perlu

dihargakan.

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i. Perlu dihargakan

Ianya bermaksud arahan atau maklumat yang dinyatakan merupakan kerja atau keperluan yang perlu dilaksanakan oleh pihak Kontraktor, di mana kerja perlaksanaan ini melibatkan kos.

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Dalam pecahan pertama – Perlu Dihargakan –

terbahagi kepada tiga (3) iaitu :-

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I. Keperluan yang menjadi syarat untuk Kontraktor masuk ke tapak projek.

Kontraktor dikehendaki mematuhi arahan dengan menyediakan keperluan sebelum dibenarkan memulakan kerja di tapak dan kepatuhan terhadap arahan ini merupakan syarat bagi pihak majikan untuk membenarkan Kontraktor memasuki tapak bina.

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I. Keperluan yang menjadi syarat untuk Kontraktor masuk ke tapak projek.

- Contohnya seperti menyediakan polisi-polisi insuran ( Contractor’s All Risks, Worker’s Compensation Insurance Policy etc. )

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II. Keperluan yang dilaksanakan semasa projek sedang berjalan. Arahan terhadap kerja yang perlu disedia dan dilaksanakan oleh pihak Kontraktor semasa projek sedang berjalan.

Membantu kerja pembinaan sebenar

dari segi penyediaan kemudahan, pengurusan dan pentadbiran, keselamatan dan sebagainya.

Melicinkan lagi perlaksanaan projek

tersebut secara keseluruhan.

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II. Keperluan yang dilaksanakan semasa projek sedang berjalan.

Contohnya adalah seperti penyediaan pejabat tapak, telefon, fax, kenderaan Pegawai Penguasa, Pegawai Keselamatan, setor, rumah kongsi, foto dan laporan kemajuan dan sebagainya.

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Menyediakan dan melaksanakan langkah-langkah keselamatan/ kesihatan (health & safety) di tapak yang perlu dan mencukupi, sepertimana keperluan OSHA serta akta berkaitan dan langkah-langkah lain yang perlu sebagaimana Arahan Pegawai Inden seperti berikut:-

i) Pakaian, topi dan but keselamatan (Peralatan Perlindungan Diri yang lengkap)ii) Tali keselamatan dan papan tanda keselamatan untuk mengasingkan kawasan kerja dan kawasan laluaniii) Lain-lain peralatan keselamatan yang diperlukan untuk kerja ini. iv) Orang yang berlesen/kompeten untuk melaksanakan kerja-kerja seperti berikut :-

a) Kerja-kerja memasang perancahb) Kerja ruang terkurungc) Kerja-kerja kimpaland) Pengendali jentera/mesin

CONTOH: Keperluan yang dilaksanakan semasa projek sedang berjalan

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16. Progress Photographs 16.1 The Contractor shall take progress photographs at monthly intervals or more frequent as directed by the S.O. The photographs to be taken from different angles as approved by the S.O. and the average number of photographs shall be sufficient enough to show the progress of the Works. For building works, the average number per month shall not be less than six (6) per block of building. 16.2 The Contractor shall supply six (6) sets of bound printed copies of the approved photographs, all properly titled and dated. The photographs shall also be provided in jpeg or other approved format with each image set at minimum size of 1280 x 960 pixels and at resolution of 72 pixels per inch and submitted to the S.O. monthly, in compact discs or removable storage.

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III. Keperluan yang dilaksanakan selepas projek siap.

Keperluan yang perlu dilakukan oleh pihak Kontraktor

selepas kerja pembinaan siap sebagaimana kehendak kontrak.

Sebelum Kontraktor dibenarkan menyerah tapak, Kontraktor perlulah memastikan kehendak Preliminaries ini tercapai.

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III. Keperluan yang dilaksanakan selepas projek siap.

Contohnya adalah seperti pembukaan terhadap kerja tertutup, pengalihan atau pembuangan sampah / sisa bahan, pembersihan tapak bina dan sebagainya.

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Dihargakan :

1. Permits and licenses required in connection with the works.

The contractor shall allow for and obtain all necessary permits, licenses, etc., required from the relevant Authorities in connection with the carrying out of the works and pay all fees, royalties in connection therewith.

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Dihargakan :

2. Testing of materials

Allow here or in the rates for the cost of carrying out all tests described herein including providing all necessary labor, materials and appliances and paying all fees and charges for tests carried out by others.

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Dihargakan :

3. Removal of rubbish

The contractor shall ensure all surplus materials of building, cutting trees and the like will be removed from the site to contractor’s own dump. All transportation and costs to remove this rubbish shall be responsible by the contractor.

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Dihargakan :

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LALUAN SEMENTARA – DENGAN KOSNYA SENDIRI, KONTRAKTOR PERLU MENYEDIAKAN LALUAN SEMENTARA KE TAPAK BINA

SEHINGGA SIAP.

Dihargakan :

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ii. Tidak Perlu Dihargakan.

Ianya berbentuk maklumat atau kenyataan semata.

Dapat memberi penjelasan yang terperinci kepada Kontraktor mengenai perjalanan sesuatu projek.

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Maklumat yang dinyatakan adalah :-

•takrifan terhadap mana-mana istilah, •huraian terhadap kontrak dan sebagainya,

maklumat yang dinyatakan ini akan membantu pihak Kontraktor memahami kehendak sebenar kontrak.

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Tidak Dihargakan :

1. Location

The site is situated as shown on the site and location Plan No. KN 669/479/1 which also indicated the confines of the building.

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Tidak Dihargakan :

2. Days and hours of working

No part of the work shall be done in other than the normal working hours during the nights of during any days of the weeks set apart for the rest or for authorized public holidays without the knowledge and written permission so given. The contractor shall not be entitled to any additional payment neither shall it release him from any of his liabilities under the contract.

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Keseluruhannya Preliminaries ini terbahagi kepada :-

Huraian mengenai projek

Definisi terhadap istilah,unit dan Pengukuran Ringkasan spesifikasi

Keselamatan dan kesihatan Kemudahan dan keperluan projek

Arahan terhadap kerja dan sebagainya

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RUMUSAN

Memastikan proses pembinaan berjalan dengan lancar dan licin tanpa

mengalami apa-apa masalah yang mengakibatkan projek tersebut terlewat

atau pun terbengkalai.

ORGANISE SETTING OUT

Surveying equipment, such as levels and theodolites, are used for accurate measurement of angular deviation, horizontal, vertical and slope distances. With computerisation, electronic distance measurement (EDM), total stations, GPS surveying and laser scanning have supplemented (and to a large extent supplanted) the traditional optical instruments.

Construction surveying or building surveying (otherwise known as "lay-out" or "setting-out") is to stake out reference points and markers that will guide the construction of new structures such as roads or buildings. These markers are usually staked out according to a suitable coordinate system selected for the project.

The aims of setting outThere are two main aims when

undertaking setting out operations:

i. The various elements of the scheme must be correct in all three dimensions both relatively and absolutely, that is each must be its correct size, in its correct plan position and correct reduced level

ii. Once setting out begins it must proceed quickly with little or no delay in order that the works can proceed smoothly and the cost can be minimised. It must always be remembered that the contractors main commercial purpose is to make a profit – therefore setting out needs to be done efficiently.

The services of a licenced land surveyor are generally required for boundary surveys (to establish the boundaries of a parcel using its legal description) and subdivision plans (a plot or map based on a survey of a parcel of land, with boundary lines drawn inside the larger parcel to indicated the creation of new boundary lines and roads).

Sight Rails

These consist of a horizontal timber cross piece nailed to a single upright or a pair of uprights driven into the ground (see below)

The upper edge of the cross piece is set to a convenient height above the required plane of the structure, usually to the nearest 100mm, and should be a height above ground to ensure convenient alignment by eye with the upper edge.

Sight rails are usually offset 2 or 3 metres at right angles to construction lines to avoid them being damaged as excavations proceed.

2. Site Clearing, Grubbing And Stripping Topsoil 2.1 This work shall consist of clearing, grubbing and tripping topsoil in the areas within the limits of Works designated hereunder and/or shown on the Drawings and/or directed by the S.O., and of clearing only in other areas designated hereunder and/or shown on the Drawings and/or directed by the S.O., all as specified herein and as required by the S.O. The work shall also include the demolition and disposal of structures in the said areas, except where otherwise provided for in the Contract, as specified herein and as required by the S.O.


SECTION B : EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORKS


SECTION B : EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORKS 2.1.1 Site clearing

Clearing shall consist of cutting and/or taking down, removal and disposal of everything above ground level, including objects such as walls, fences, drains and other obstructions, except such trees, vegetation, structures or parts of structures and other things which are designated in the Contract to remain, to be protect as satisfied under SECTION R : LANDSCAPING AND TURFING WORKS. The material to be cleared shall include but not necessarily be limited to trees, stumps (parts above ground), logs,brushwood, undergrowth, long grasses, crops, loose vegetable matter and structures (except those structures whose removal or clearance is otherwise provided for in the Contract). Clearing shall also include levelling of obsolete dikes, terraces, ditches, et cetera, unless otherwise directed by the S.O.

2.1.2 Grubbing Grubbing shall consist of removal and disposal of surface vegetation, basesof stumps, roots, underground parts of structures, and other obstructions to a depth of at least 0.50 m below ground level, with the agreement of the S.O. 2.1.3 Stripping topsoil

Stripping topsoil shall consist of the removal of topsoil to an average depthof at least 100 mm below ground level, and its stockpiling for use in theWorks, and/or its disposal, as directed by the S.O. 2.1.4 Disposal

All materials resulting from site clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil shall be removed and disposed of as approved by the S.O. in accordance with Environmental Quality Act 1974(Act 127) and Solid Waste and PublicCleansing Management Act 2007 (Act 672).

Clearing the Site

Construction equipment operations are usually the most rapid and efficient means of clearing a site. Use of the equipment is limited only by unusually large trees and stumps–terrain which hinders their maneuverability and maintenance requirements. The construction equipment used include bulldozers, winches, power saws, rippers, motor graders, and scrapers. In addition, hand tools are used in certain clearing operations.

wtp604management of preconstruction activities

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