WSS - PRSPWSS - PRSPStrengthening Design and Delivery of Strengthening Design and Delivery of

WSS Programmes under PRSPsWSS Programmes under PRSPsA collaborative research project WaterAid Malawi and ODI

WSSPRSP workshop Kampala February 2004

Water sector Water sector status in PRSPstatus in PRSP

Consultative process identified water as a Consultative process identified water as a key issue but was not prioritised in PRSPkey issue but was not prioritised in PRSP

Failure of stakeholders to champion sectorFailure of stakeholders to champion sector Sectoral priorities not sufficiently Sectoral priorities not sufficiently

represented represented Little sense of sectoral ownership over Little sense of sectoral ownership over

resulting PRSPresulting PRSP

Design - Capacity of Design - Capacity of decentralised government to plandecentralised government to plan

Despite major sector reviews – progress in Despite major sector reviews – progress in institutionalising reforms has been slowinstitutionalising reforms has been slow

Capacity for planning and co-ordination Capacity for planning and co-ordination between line ministries remains weakbetween line ministries remains weak

MoWD remains highly centralisedMoWD remains highly centralised Sector stakeholders currently ill-equipped Sector stakeholders currently ill-equipped

to take on new roles and responsibilitiesto take on new roles and responsibilities Extensive capacity building and training Extensive capacity building and training

required at different administrative levelsrequired at different administrative levels

Co-ordination around District level plansCo-ordination around District level plans

•NGOs & Donors fail to inform NGOs & Donors fail to inform district water authorities of their:district water authorities of their:

--project plansproject plans-operational policies & guidelines -operational policies & guidelines -Target areas-Target areas

•Practice is chaotic re gov. policy Practice is chaotic re gov. policy of demand responsive approachof demand responsive approach

•Different providers have different Different providers have different expectations from communities, expectations from communities, which can be confusing which can be confusing

% of functional handpumps depending on installation date and maintenance

(sample of 9,000 handpumps in 2003)

60%

72%75%

79%85%

90%93%

13%20%

25% 31%

48%61%

78%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1996 andbefore

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

functional overall

functional never maintained

SUSTAINABILITY

% of success of the repair depending on the last maintenance date

(from a sample of 9,000 handpumps in 2003)

18% 16%23% 26%

46%

64%73%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1996and

before

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Why poor sustainability?Why poor sustainability?The surface reasons -

• Financial management within the community• Lack of access to technical skills• Spare parts availability

The deeper reasons – • Lack of demand• Lack of ownership • Lack of ‘leadership’• Dependency

Stoupy profile - LILONGWE - january 2004

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 101 201 301 401 501 601

Enumeration Areas

Wate

r Poin

t Density

(W

P p

er 1,0

00 p

op.)

overall density 2004

functional density 2004

overall density before 1998

EQUITY

Why the inequity?Why the inequity?

No co-ordination between actorsNo co-ordination between actors Weak lower levels of government Weak lower levels of government Passive attitude within District AssemblyPassive attitude within District Assembly NGO’s feel accountable to donors - rushNGO’s feel accountable to donors - rush Politics : favouritisms and dependency Politics : favouritisms and dependency Cultural blockages and poor leadershipCultural blockages and poor leadership Waiting, waiting, waiting, waitingWaiting, waiting, waiting, waiting Uncontrolled drillers + bad adviceUncontrolled drillers + bad advice Alleged corruptionAlleged corruption