Writing the Research PaperWriting the Research Paper

Easy steps that include:Easy steps that include:Finding your sourcesFinding your sources

Source cardsSource cardsNote cardsNote cards

Thesis statementThesis statementOutlineOutline

Works cited pageWorks cited pageIn-text citationsIn-text citations

Draft RequirementsDraft Requirements

Finding Your SourcesFinding Your Sources

BooksBooks MagazinesMagazines Internet – reliable sources onlyInternet – reliable sources only

.gov.gov .edu.edu

Encyclopedias – please do not use them Encyclopedias – please do not use them without permission without permission

Writing the Source CardWriting the Source Card There are basic items every source card should There are basic items every source card should

have:have: Author’s nameAuthor’s name Article title – if the source has oneArticle title – if the source has one TitleTitle Access date – if it is an internet sourceAccess date – if it is an internet source Copyright dateCopyright date Publishing companyPublishing company Page numbers if the source is a magazinePage numbers if the source is a magazine Month if the source is a magazineMonth if the source is a magazine City in which the source is publishedCity in which the source is published

Writing the Source CardWriting the Source Cardcont’d.cont’d.

Not all source cards look alike.Not all source cards look alike. Some examples follow, but use an MLA Some examples follow, but use an MLA

style book.style book. Find an online version of the book at: Find an online version of the book at:

http://www.library.cornell.edu/resrch/citmanage/mla#list

For a BookFor a Book

Auster, Paul. Auster, Paul. Twenty Days With JulianTwenty Days With Julian

and Little Bunny by Papaand Little Bunny by Papa. New York:. New York:

New York Review Books. 2003. New York Review Books. 2003.

For a MagazineFor a Magazine

Billaman, Carol. “Nathaniel Hawthorne: Billaman, Carol. “Nathaniel Hawthorne:

‘ ‘Revolutionizer’ of Children’s Literature.”Revolutionizer’ of Children’s Literature.”

Studies in American FictionStudies in American Fiction. 10(1982): . 10(1982):

107-114. 107-114.

For the Internet: For the Internet: webpage onlywebpage only

Eldred, Eric. Eldred, Eric. Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-

1864) Home Page1864) Home Page. . Derry, N.H.: EldritchDerry, N.H.: Eldritch

Press, 1999. 12 Oct. 1999. Press, 1999. 12 Oct. 1999.         <http://www.eldritchpress.org/nh/hawthorne.html><http://www.eldritchpress.org/nh/hawthorne.html>

For the Internet: For the Internet: Article from a webpageArticle from a webpage

Cornell University Library. "Introduction toCornell University Library. "Introduction to

Research." Research." Cornell University LibraryCornell University Library. .

Cornell University, 2009. Web. 19 JuneCornell University, 2009. Web. 19 June

2009 2009 <http://www.library.cornell.edu/resrch/intro>.<http://www.library.cornell.edu/resrch/intro>.

For EncyclopediasFor Encyclopedias

Entry in an online encyclopedia:Entry in an online encyclopedia: "Einstein, Albert." "Einstein, Albert." EncyclopaediaEncyclopaedia Britannica OnlineBritannica Online. Encyclopedia . Encyclopedia Britannica, 1999. Web. 27 Apr. 2009. Britannica, 1999. Web. 27 Apr. 2009. Encyclopedia entry:Encyclopedia entry:

Bergman, P. G. "Relativity." Bergman, P. G. "Relativity." The NewThe New Encyclopaedia BritannicaEncyclopaedia Britannica. 15th ed. . 15th ed. 1987. Print.1987. Print.

For DictionariesFor Dictionaries Dictionary entry:Dictionary entry:

"Accord." Def. 5b. "Accord." Def. 5b. The Oxford EnglishThe Oxford English

DictionaryDictionary. 2nd ed. 1989. Print.. 2nd ed. 1989. Print.

Writing the Note CardWriting the Note Card

Slug (a mini title)Slug (a mini title) Source Source ##

Notes: three typesNotes: three types paraphraseparaphrase SummarySummary Direct quoteDirect quote

Page #Page #

Thesis StatementThesis Statement

Write one or two sentences that will go Write one or two sentences that will go into the first paragraph which tell what the into the first paragraph which tell what the writer wants the reader to know, think or writer wants the reader to know, think or do based on the information in the paper.do based on the information in the paper.

OutlineOutline Using the thesis statement and the slugs from Using the thesis statement and the slugs from

the note cards, form an outline. (I do not require the note cards, form an outline. (I do not require sub letters under the Roman numerals.)sub letters under the Roman numerals.) The thesis statement will go into Roman numeral one The thesis statement will go into Roman numeral one

– the introductory paragraph.– the introductory paragraph. The slugs will form the developing/supporting The slugs will form the developing/supporting

paragraphs.paragraphs. The conclusion of the paper should be based on the The conclusion of the paper should be based on the

thesis statement and supporting paragraphs and thesis statement and supporting paragraphs and should be the last Roman numeral.should be the last Roman numeral.

Works Cited PageWorks Cited Page

The easiest part – copy the source The easiest part – copy the source cards over in alphabetical order, cards over in alphabetical order, starting with the first letter of the first starting with the first letter of the first word on the card.word on the card.

In-text citationsIn-text citationsThere are two basic types:There are two basic types: Citation at the end.Citation at the end.

Ex: One boy imitates him by covering his face with an old black Ex: One boy imitates him by covering his face with an old black handkerchief, thereby so affrighting his playmates that the panic handkerchief, thereby so affrighting his playmates that the panic seized himself, and he well-nigh lost his wits by his own waggery. seized himself, and he well-nigh lost his wits by his own waggery. (Hawthorne, (Hawthorne, Complete Short Stories Complete Short Stories 35) 35)

• When the quote is four or more lines, the period goes before the parentheses. When the quote is three lines or When the quote is four or more lines, the period goes before the parentheses. When the quote is three lines or less, it goes after the parentheses. Also, a quote of four or more lines should be indented ten spaces.less, it goes after the parentheses. Also, a quote of four or more lines should be indented ten spaces.

Ex: Ex: One boy imitates him “his face with an old black handkerchief, thereby so affrighting his One boy imitates him “his face with an old black handkerchief, thereby so affrighting his playmates that the panic seized himself, and he well-nigh lost his wits by his own waggery” playmates that the panic seized himself, and he well-nigh lost his wits by his own waggery” (Hawthorne, (Hawthorne, Complete Short Stories Complete Short Stories 35). 35).

The quoted material is introduced with the name of the author The quoted material is introduced with the name of the author to whom the information belongs.to whom the information belongs.

Ex: Ginsberg says “. . .he maintained a progressive belief in Ex: Ginsberg says “. . .he maintained a progressive belief in transcendentalist ideologies which stipulated that not only the child but transcendentalist ideologies which stipulated that not only the child but also the parent would be transformed into a finer person through the also the parent would be transformed into a finer person through the careful consideration of child rearing practices” (17).careful consideration of child rearing practices” (17).

Final Draft Final Draft RequirementsRequirements

Research – Grades 9 -- 12Research – Grades 9 -- 12Page 1070; 526; 694; 942 (Page 1070; 526; 694; 942 (Prentice Hall LiteraturePrentice Hall Literature))Name ______________Name ______________Each section is worth 10 points.Each section is worth 10 points. Introduction: Introduction: A thesis statement is clearly expressed.A thesis statement is clearly expressed. Information: Information: Factual support from a variety of credited sources is expressed Factual support from a variety of credited sources is expressed

clearly, concisely and accurately.clearly, concisely and accurately. Organization: Organization: The information is logically organized.The information is logically organized. Tone: Tone: The writer’s tone is confident and objective throughout the paper.The writer’s tone is confident and objective throughout the paper. Development: Development: The writer develops the paper in an interesting way and includes The writer develops the paper in an interesting way and includes

many specific details.many specific details. Citations: Citations: A minimum of 5 citations from a minimum of three sources are found A minimum of 5 citations from a minimum of three sources are found

within the text. Quoted material and paraphrased material is correctly documented within the text. Quoted material and paraphrased material is correctly documented using MLA parenthetical citations. Citations do not follow one after another, but using MLA parenthetical citations. Citations do not follow one after another, but they are incorporated naturally into sentences and/or paragraphs to support the they are incorporated naturally into sentences and/or paragraphs to support the student’s thesis statement. Copies of all cited materials are attached to the paper. student’s thesis statement. Copies of all cited materials are attached to the paper.

Conclusion: Conclusion: The paper ends effectively.The paper ends effectively. Copies: Copies: All Copies of sources used are turned in with the paper.All Copies of sources used are turned in with the paper. Works Cited page: Works Cited page: Sources are correctly written in alphabetical order.Sources are correctly written in alphabetical order. Mechanics, Grammar, Punctuation and Usage rules are correctly followed.Mechanics, Grammar, Punctuation and Usage rules are correctly followed.