Writing Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy

Sohail Ahmed

Different archers have different styles; so do different

teachers.

You can shoot your arrows (objectives) many ways

Objective

Goal

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Use objectives to make sure you reach your

goals.

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Objectives

Upon completion of the presentation,

Audience will be able to: State three reasons

why objectives are written for courses or

programs.

• Name the parts of a good objective.

• Recite the Bloom’s Taxonomy

• Describe three reasons to write learning

objectives using materials and handouts.

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What is an objective?

• Objectives refer to expected or intended

student outcomes

• Specific knowledge, skills, or attitudes that

students are expected to achieve through their

college experience

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Differences between Objectives and

Outcomes?

Objectives

are intended results or

consequences of

instruction, curricula,

programs, or activities.

Outcomes

are achieved results or

consequences of what

was learned; i.e.,

evidence that learning

took place.

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Goals vs. Objectives

Goals

• General expectations of

student outcomes;

• The overall description

and purpose of a

program

• Can be broad and vague

Objectives

• Statement of what

students should be able

to do, or how they

should change

developmentally, as a

result of instruction or

program

• More specific;

measurable

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Objectives Example • Objectives (standards, outcomes, competencies)

• Tasks, knowledge and/or behaviors students should be

able to do at the end of the program.

• At the conclusion of the program, the student should

be able to:

– Define the concepts of duties, rights and obligations.

– Analyze an ethical dilemma using theoretical

frameworks.

– Evaluate alternative actions from various ethical

perspectives.

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The four components of an

objective

• Audience :

– The student

• Behavior :(performance)

– What student will do

• Condition:

– Under what circumstances will task be accomplished

• Degree (criteria)

– Percent correct

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Learning objective format

• Students should be able to/ Students will be

able to

• <action verb> <something>

• Bloom’s Taxonomy is the best one to know better about action verbs for Objectives.

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(Bloom’s Taxonomy) What is it?

Bloom’s Taxonomy is a chart of ideas

Named after the

creator, Benjamin

Bloom

A Taxonomy is an

arrangement of

ideas

or a way to group

things together

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Bloom’s Taxonomy

• In 1956, Benjamin Bloom along with a group of

like-minded educators developed a framework

for classifying educational goals and objectives

into a hierarchical structure representing

different forms and levels of learning. This

framework was published as Bloom’s Taxonomy

of Educational Objectives

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Bloom’s Taxonomy

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Writing Objectives for Lesson Plans Using Bloom’s

Taxonomy and Associated Action or Performance Verbs

Learning level Associated action verbs

Knowledge define, describe, state, list, name, write, recall, recognize,

label, underline, select, reproduce, outline, match

Comprehension identify, justify, select, indicate, illustrate, represent, name,

formulate, explain, judge, contrast, classify

Application predict, select, assess, explain, choose, find, show,

demonstrate, construct, compute, use, perform

Analysis analyze, identify, conclude, differentiate, select, separate,

compare, contrast, justify, resolve, break down, criticize

Synthesis combine, restate, summarize, precise, argue, discuss,

organize, derive, select, relate, generalize, conclude

Evaluation judge, evaluate, determine, recognize, support, defend,

attack, criticize, identify, avoid, select, choose Sohail Ahmed 14

Verbs to Avoid in OBJECTIVES “BAD” words “GOOD” Words

To KNOW To WRITE

To UNDERSTAND To RECITE

To ENJOY To IDENTIFY

To APPRECIATE To DIFFERENTIATE

To GRASP THE

SIGNIFICANCE OF

To SOLVE

To COMPREHEND To CONSTRUCT

To BELIEVE To LIST

To COMPARE

To CONTRAST

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Learning Objectives Rules

• Only one action verb

• Identify single accomplishments

• Focus on students, not faculty or

curriculum

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Writing Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy

Knowledge/Remembering

• By the end of this course, the student will be

able to recite Newton’s three laws of motion.”

• By the end of this course, the student will be

able to Define Parts of Speech in English

Language .”

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Writing Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy

Understanding /Comprehension

• By the end of this course, the student will be

able to explain Newton’s three laws of motion in

his/her own words.”

• By the end of this course, the student will be

able to explain Parts of Speech in English

Language in his/her own words.”

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Writing Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy

Application/ Apply

• “By the end of this course, the student will be

able to calculate the kinetic energy of a

projectile.”

• “By the end of this course, the student will be

able to Solve the problems in a sentence.”

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Writing Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy

Analysis/ Analyze

• By the end of this course, the student will be

able to differentiate between potential and

kinetic energy.”

• By the end of this course, the student will be

able to differentiate between action verbs and

Phrasal verbs.”

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Writing Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy

Evaluating/ Evaluate

• By the end of the course, the student will be able

to determine whether using conservation of

energy or conservation of momentum would be

more appropriate for solving a dynamics

problem.”

• By the end of this session, the students will be

able to argue over the Systemic approach of

grammar.

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Writing Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy

Creating/ Evaluation

• By the end of this section of the course, the

student will be able to design an original

homework problem dealing with the principle of

conservation of energy.

• By the end of this section of the course, the

student will be able to design/create/format

his/her own style of writing.

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Correct/Incorrect Objectives

• Learn about the concepts of duties, rights

and obligations.

– Better choice of words: recall, remember,

discuss

• Understand about ethical dilemmas

– Better choice of words: Explain, put in their

own words

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Consequence of Incorrect

Objectives

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Some Examples by Dr. Nic

Students will be able to:

• Identify different levels of data in new scenarios.

• Explain in context a confidence interval.

• Determine which probability distribution out of

binomial, poisson or normal is most appropriate

to model in an unfamiliar situation.

• Compare two time series models of the same

data and evaluate which is more appropriate in a

given context.

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Perfection is not attainable, but if

we chase Perfection, we can catch

Excellence By Vince Lombardi

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I believe , I can create

Correct Objectives!

Best of Luck! And now you can go to Objectives slide(#04) to

catch error which most teachers do Sohail Ahmed 27