wow 20161023 v1

05/03/2023 Understanding Cognitive Systems 1

Next Generation Curriculum

Jim Spohrer (IBM)Las Vegas, NV USA; October 23, 2016

World of Watson (WOW): Evolving Education with Cognitive and Data Scienceshttp://www.slideshare.net/spohrer/wow-20161023-v1


Intelligence Building Blocks


Artificial


Artificial

• Learning• Perception• Reasoning• Interaction• Knowledge


Augmented


Augmented

• Science• Design• Business Value• Societal Impact• Interdisciplinarity



• Augmented• Science (People)• Design• Business Value• Societal Impact• Interdisciplinarity

• Artificial• Learning• Perception• Reasoning• Interaction• Knowledge


Science – People (Child to Adult)


Science - People (Novice to Expert)


Design• HCI

• Human-Computer Interactions

• CSCW• Computer Supported Collaborative

Work

• PSS• Performance Support Systems

• SDC• Social-Dynamic Counseling

• STS-D• Socio-Technical Systems - Design


Design (Books)


Business Value


SocietalImplications

05/03/2023 Future of AI 14

Interdisciplinary• Disciplines: Breadth of disciplines to

tackle issues:• Psychology and cognitive science,

philosophy, design and art, public policy and management, law and regulations

• Systems: Professional associations to tackle industry and system issues, including novice to expert progression on tasks• Socio-technical system design loop

and smart service systems



• Augmented• Science (People)• Design• Business Value• Societal Impact• Interdisciplinarity

• Artificial• Learning• Perception• Reasoning• Interaction• Knowledge


IBM Cognitive Build: Experiment• Tool• Assistant• Collaborator• Coach• Mediator


Progression: Types and Models

Models (columns)Types (rows)

Task & World Model/Planning & Decisions

Self Model/Capacity & Limits

User Model/Episodic Memory

Institutions Model/Trust & Social Acts

Tool + - - -

Assistant ++ + - -

Collaborator +++ ++ + -

Coach ++++ +++ ++ +

Mediator +++++ ++++ +++ ++

tool

assistant

collaborator

coach

mediator


Value Migration: Hardware < Software < Data < Experience < Transformation


Next generation cognitive curriculum

05/03/2023 © IBM 2015, IBM Upward University Programs Worldwide accelerating regional development

20

I have…

Have you noticed how the building blocks just keep getting better?


21

Learning to program:My first program

Early Computer Science Class:Watson Center at Columbia 1945

Jim Spohrer’s First Program 1972

05/03/2023 22

IBM Cloud Bluemix: Watson APIs are growing…

© IBM UPWard 2016

So far (June 2016), 100,000 faculty and students globally given access

05/03/2023 23

1955 1975 1995 2015 2035 2055

Can better service help us be wiser?

Cognitive Mediator (2035): Tool, Assistant, Collaborator, Coach

05/03/2023 24© IBM UPWard 2016

25

Computing: Then, Now, Projected

05/03/2023

2035

2055


26


27


28

What exists in 2016?

360,000 100,000 120,000 60,000 150,000

05/03/2023 29

Jim Spohrer (IBM)Seoul, South Korea; October 13, 2016

Consulting Conferencehttp://www.slideshare.net/spohrer/korea-day1-keynote-20161013-v6

Come visit IBM Research – Almaden in San Jose, CA USA – monthly

university day!


Build: 10 million minutes of experience


Build: 2 million minutes of experience


Books

05/03/2023 34

Today’s Talk• Four Cool Tech Topics

• Today: AI• If time others

• Definitions• Perspectives

• Industry• IBM

• Relationships• Industry 4.0/IoT

• Challenge & Opportunity• Too hard to build, understand, and

work with AI systems

© IBM UPWard 2016


Definitions: Types of Cognitive System Entities(symbol and pattern processing systems)• Socio-Technical (Organization-based)

• Businesses• Cities• Nations

• Biological (Brain-based)• People• Animals

• Technological (Computation-based)• Embodied (Robot, Car, Device)• Virtual (Local, Cloud)


36

Brief History of AI

• 1956 – Dartmouth Conference• 1956 – 1981 Micro-Worlds• 1981 – Japanese 5th Generation• 1988 – Expert Systems Peak• 1990 – AI Winter• 1997 – Deep Blue• 1997 – 2011 Real-World• 2011 – Jeopardy! & SIRI• 2013 – Cognitive Systems Institute• 2014 – Watson Business Unit &• True North Brain Chip• 2015 – “Cognition as a Service”

on IBM Bluemix


37

Dedication: Douglas C. EngelbartFather of the mouse and augmentation theory


Understand them…

05/03/2023 41

How fast is Artificial Intelligence approaching?

What might it look like?