World Wide Web and Internet

Communications

DefinitionsOAdware – unwanted advertising banners,

pop-ups, pop-unders, etc. in your web browser

OAnti-virus Software – program which scans and/or removes computer virusesO Should be kept up-to-date and be able to

detect all viruses currently being distributed and the known existing computer viruses

OAttachment – documents, spreadsheets, graphics, web link, and any other files associated with an electronic message

OClient-based server – a mail server used to store messages until users log on and download their mail

OEdshare – a file and print server which allows the user to store any files and print from computer labs

OEmail – an electronic message sent from one computer to another

OFTP – file transfer protocol – used to transfer files to another computer via the internet

OHoax – usually arrive in the form of an email containing bogus warnings usually intent only on frightening or misleading users

OHome Page – For a Web user, the first Web page that is displayed after starting a Web browser

OHyperlink – a cross-reference in an electronic document that, when activated, causes the application reading the document to load a different section of the document, a new document, or a resource that the application can display or use

O Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) – the language for publishing hypertext on the World Wide Web

O Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – the protocol for transporting HTML documents across the Internet

O Internet – is a world-wide system of computer networks

O Internet Protocol (IP) – the protocol for sending data from one computer to another on the Internet. O Every computer on the Internet has at least

one IP address uniquely identifying it from all other computers on the Internet

O Internet Service Provider (ISP) – a company that provides individuals and other companies access to the Internet and other related service

OMail Server – a computer or device on a network that manages mail

OPDF (Portable Document Format) – a file format that can be created and read on any computer, regardless of operating systemO Highly compressed files that take a short

time to downloadOPhishing – an attempt to get you to reveal

logins, passwords, account numbers and other personal information

OPlug-ins – Programs that are installed as part of the browser to extend the basic functionality built into the browserO Plug-ins allow different file formats to be

viewed as part of a standard HTML document

OProtocols – controls the way data is transferred between server and client computers on the Internet

OServer – is the part of the network that responds to requests from other computers in the network with documents or other information which they requested

OSpam – unsolicited email, also known as junk email.O It’s a form of bulk email obtained by

companies that specialize in creating e-mail distribution lists

OSpyware – is a catchall term for several types of malicious software

OTransmission Control Protocol (TCP) – a set of rules used to keep track of the individual packets that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet

OTrojan Horse – a file that claims to be something desirable but, in fact are malicious and can cause data loss or theft

OUniform Resource Locator (URL) – the technical name for a text string that supplies an Internet or Intranet address and the method by which it can be accessed

OVirus – program written to alter the way a computer operates, without the permission or knowledge of the user

OVirus Definitions – files that proved information to antivirus software to fined and repair viruses

OWorm – program that replicates itself from system to system without the use of a host file

WWW and Internet (Net) Communication

OLoose association of thousands of networks and millions of computers across the world that all work together to share information

OGlobal system of computers that carries data and makes the exchange of information possible

OThe world wide web is a subset of the InternetOThe www enables simple and intuitive

navigation of Internet sites through Graphical User Interface (gui)

OComputers having the proper hardware can connect to the Internet via an ISP

Learning Targets

O I Can…OHave a basic understanding of how the

Internet worksODefine basic Internet and World Wide

Web related terminologyOKnow brief history about the World Wide

WebO Identify and describe what resources are

needed to access the Internet

What is the Internet?OWorldwide system of computers joined

by a common set of networking ad software protocols

OEach computer in this global system has its own unique IP address

OCreated in 1983 mainly for government and academic purposes

OPresent day – a commercial and popular medium connecting millions of computers throughout the world

Information Superhighway

OThink of the Internet as a huge mass transit system

OA few subway lines that intersect at certain points

OConnecting to the main subway lines are commuter rails, bus lines, and ferry boats that spread out and crisscross the area

OThe main lines carry the bulk of the traffic and are collectively known as the Internet backbone

OThe biggest networks in the system form the backbone, which is owned by major ISPs

What is the WWW?OWorld Wide WebOSubset of the NetOCollection of interlinked documents that work

together using a specific Internet protocol called Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http)

OThe Internet exists independent of the Web – but the Web cannot exist without the Internet

OWeb pages are written using html, which tells the Web browser what to display

OSignificant feature of the Web is its ability to link pages to one another – with just a click you can be on the other side of the world!

How Do I Get Connected?OTo get connected you need the following

two resources:O Connection to the Internet via a modem

(old school) or network connectionO A web browser such as Internet Explorer,

Firefox, Google Chrome, and SafariOSoftware applications that provide access to

and allow viewing of Internet resourcesOCan view data in either a text-only format

using Lynx, or in graphical text format such as IE

OCan also access newsgroups and email

How Does the Internet Work?

O When you request or send information, the computer breaks the request into smaller more manageable pieces called packets

O Each packet contains the sender’s Internet address and the receiver’s address

O Every packet is first sent to a gateway computer that understands a small portion of the InternetO Reads the destination address and forwards the

packet to an adjacent gateway, closer to the packet destination

O This process continues until it reaches a gateway that recognizes the packet as belonging to a computer within its immediate neighborhood or domain

Internet WorkingsO Regardless of the operating system (Mac, PC,

or Unix) the computers all basically speak the same language which allows the exchange of information with someone next door or across the planet

O Because a message can be divided in numerous packets, each packet may be sent by a different route across the Internet

O They can arrive in a different order than the order they were sent

O The TCP (transmission control protocol) has the job of putting them back in the right order

Skyward Activity

OAfter viewing, complete the related Skyward activity

Summary

OFundamentals about the Internet and the www

ORequired resources to gain access to the www