world war ii pearl harbor the home front pearl harbor
TRANSCRIPT
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World War IIWorld War II
Pearl HarborThe Home Front
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Pearl HarborPearl Harbor
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Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto
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Pearl Harbor from the Pearl Harbor from the Cockpit of a Japanese Cockpit of a Japanese
PlanePlane
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A date which will live in infamy!A date which will live in infamy!
Pearl Harbor – Dec. 7, Pearl Harbor – Dec. 7, 19411941
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FDR Signs the War FDR Signs the War DeclarationDeclaration
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USS ArizonaUSS Arizona, Pearl , Pearl HarborHarbor
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Pearl Harbor MemorialPearl Harbor Memorial
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Pearl HarborPearl Harbor
• 7:55 a.m. on Sunday, December 7, 1941
• Japanese launch surprise attack on U.S. fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
• 2,345 killed and most of the U.S. Pacific fleet is destroyed or severely damaged– 57 civilians also killed
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Pearl HarborPearl HarborHuman Casualties
Killed Wounded
Navy 1,998 710
Marine Corp 109 69
Army 233 364
Civilian 48 35
Ships
Sunk 12
Damaged 9
Aircraft
Destroyed 164
Damaged 159
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Declaration of WarDeclaration of War
• December 8, 1941• FDR asks Congress to
declare war on Japan– “Dec 7, 1941 a date
which will live in infamy…”
• December 11, 1941– Germany and Italy,
Japan’s allies, declare war on the U.S.
– U.S. Congress responds by declaring war on Germany and Italy
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Axis vs. AlliesAxis vs. Allies
• Allies– Great Britain– France*– China*– Soviet Union – United States
• Axis– Germany– Italy – Japan
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The War Time EconomyThe War Time Economy
• The War Production Board – Supervised the
conversion of industries to war production• Auto Companies
began making trucks, jeeps, and tanks• Manufacturing ships,
airplanes, and other war materials
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Women Join the Women Join the Workforce Workforce • Millions of American
men joined the armed forces
• Women took their places in the factories producing the materials necessary for the war
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Rosie the RiveterRosie the Riveter
•Rosie the Riveter was an imaged used to encourage women to contribute to the war effort by working in the factories
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Military Service Military Service
• Selective Service Acts 1940 & 41– More than 15 million Americans
joined the armed forces during the war
• Women begin serving in large numbers– WACs: Women’s Army Corps– WAVES: Women Appointed for
Volunteer Emergency Service– Women did not fight in combat
• Performed clerical tasks • Worked as nurses• Flew aircraft from U.S. to overseas
bases
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Paying for the WarPaying for the War• U.S. spent $320,000,000,000 on the war• Most of the money was raised through taxes• The government also borrowed money by
selling bonds
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SacrificesSacrifices• Rationing
– Consumers could only buy limited numbers or amounts of certain goods because they were needed to support the war effort
– The government issued ration books to buy certain products
– Examples: • Oil/Gas• Rubber• Tin• Meat• Sugar• butter
• Consumer goods were in short supply because industry was producing goods for the war
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Ration BookRation Book
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Victory GardensVictory Gardens
• Americans were encouraged to help the war effort by planting vegetable gardens and growing their own food
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RecyclingRecycling
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African-American African-American ContributionsContributions
• 1,000,000 African Americans served in the U.S. military during the war– Military units were
segregated • The Tuskegee Airmen– 332nd Fighter Group – Shot down more than
200 enemy planes– Dangerous missions
escorting American bombers over Germany
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Native Americans Native Americans ContributionContribution
• “The Code Talkers”– Navajo tribe members
who used a special code based on the Navajo language to send messages in the pacific theatre
– Japanese were never able to break the code
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Japanese AmericansJapanese Americans• Many Japanese
Americans were feared and hated after Pearl Harbor– People questioned
their loyalty and feared they were spies
• Nisei– Japanese American
citizens born in the United States
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Internment CampsInternment Camps• FDR ordered the army
to relocate more than 100,000 Japanese Americans living on the west coast to interment camps in desert areas– Feared a Japanese
attack on the western U.S.
• Many abandoned homes and businesses
• Korematsu v. United States – The Supreme Court ruled
that government was allowed to relocate Japanese Americans
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Propaganda Propaganda
• Ideas or information designed and spread to influence opinion
• The government used propaganda to encourage Americans to support the war against the axis powers
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