world war i chapter 21, lesson 2 eq: how can technology impact war?
TRANSCRIPT
World War I
Chapter 21, Lesson 2
EQ: How can technology impact war?
Vocabulary: Ch. 21, Lesson 2 (pg. 414)
Propaganda Trench warfare War of attrition Total war Planned economies
WW I : Propaganda
Both sides used propaganda which stirred hate against each other.
The Western Front
Germans, Austria-Hungarians vs. French, British and later Americans
Germany’s Schlieffen Plan—cross Belgium into France—was stopped near Paris.
Battle of the Marne (Sept. 1914) Stops German advancement into Paris.
The war turns into a stalemate—neither the Germans or French could dislodge each other from the trenches they had built.
http://www.h100.tv/timeline/world-war-1/1914/09/05
Trench Warfare
The Western Front adopted trench warfare. Both sides kept in trenches for four years. Both sides dug long trenches that faced
each other. The trenches ran for miles. From time to time, one side would attempt to
cross the “No-Man’s Land” the area in between the trenches.
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/life-in-a-trench
Eastern Front
Russians and Serbs vs. Germans and Austria-Hungarian.
War in the Eastern Front was marked by mobilitymobility.. Battle of Tannenberg (Aug. 1914)
Russians were defeated, as the Germans come to the aid of Austria-Hungary
2.5 million Russians were killed, captured, or wounded. Germans & Austrian-Hungarians were successful in
the East, thus they move the offensive in the West. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbOdF-5dk_E
Activity #1
1. Read 1914 to 1915: Illusions and Stalemate (pg. 414-416)
2. Complete the Graphic Organizer to identify how alliances shifted in WWI. 3. Write and answer Questions
Eastern Front Western Front
1. Compare and Contrast the
Eastern and Western Fronts.
2. Why did trench warfare developed on the Western Front but not in the Eastern Front?
Trench Warfare Overview
New TechnologyMachine Guns
The Machine Gun
It was used by both sides, hundreds of rounds a minute could be shot by one person.
Technology:Chemical Weapons (Gas Warfare)
WWI was the first major war to use chemical weapons
Odorless Mustard Gas and Chlorine Gas were the two most popular chemicals: They caused suffocation, blindness, and death
Soldiers would protect themselves using Gas Masks
Technology:The U-boat (Submarine)
Germany’s secret weapon during the war
Sank dozens of British ships, thus controlled the oceans and stop British trade.
Technology:Airplanes
Both sides used aircraft for observation at first. Then a “defensive” airplane for bombarding
and air battles was invented. Airplanes were slow, clumsy, and unreliable. Eventually airplanes, especially defensive
airplanes were further developed.
Technology: Tanks
Like airplanes, tanks were perfected as WWI dragged on.
The first tanks were developed in Britain—eventually their were better equipped.
The first attack scared the Germans! Due to its rushed development however,
they were not very efficient.
Technology:Tanks
Technology:Tanks
Technology:Flame Throwers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-LxzD6Luj4
Activity #2
Read WWI Technology Packet Complete the WWI Technology Graphic
Organizer. Read Technology Worksheet Complete the Questions
War of Attrition
WWI had turned into a war of attrition—as each side tried to wear down the other side with constant attacks and heavy losses.
Entry of the United States
US entered the war as a result of the naval war between Germany and Great Britain.
Both Britain and Germany blockade each other.
Germany used unrestricted submarine warfare—they used their submarines to sink British ships including passage liners.
May 7th 1915
Sinking of the Lusitania
US Road to War
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/u-boats-sink-the-lusitania-in-1915
USA Enters the War (continue…)
Woodrow Wilson wins because “he kept us out of the war”
Wilson’s reasoning for War
make the world “Safe for Democracy”
Psychological boost and major source of money and war goods
Activity #1:
The sinking of the Lusitania made
the front page of The New York
Herald. Germany claimed that the
British passenger ship was a fair
target because it carried 173 tons
of ammunition as cargo.
Inferring: Why did this event help lead the U.S. entry in the war?
Impact of Total War
World War I as a total war All resources devoted to the home front (battlefields)
European governments expanded their powers Drafted millions of young men Used propaganda to get more to join the military Established planned economies
Planned Economies Gov’t set up price, wage, and rent controls Rationing- limit consumption of resources/goods Took over transportation systems Took over factories to produce military goods
WWI Impact on Society
Influenza (1918) killed 50 million people world wide
New roles for women in the workforce Immediately after the War women get the
right to vote
Activity #2: Cause and Effect Read Impact of Total War (pg. 418). Cause and Effect: What was the impact of total war?
Impact of total war
1.
2.
3.
Activity #3 This British recruiting poster is
an example of wartime propaganda.
Analyzing Primary Sources: Study the poster. What does it imply about the man, his daughter, and his son?
Drawing Conclusions: How might this poster have increased British support for the war?