world report on disability - world health organization · because children grow up and learn...
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WORLD REPORTON DISABILITY
EasyRead version
What is in this paper Page
About this report
What we know about disability
How to change things
What needs to happen
Making things happen
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About this report
The World Health Organization and theWorld Bank have written this report.
The World Health Organization makes sureall people are as healthy as possible.
The World Bank gives money to help poorcountries make their services better.
In 2006, world governments signed adeclaration or list of promises about therights of people with disabilities.
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This report says:
l what we have found out aboutdisability
l what governments need to do to makethings better for people withdisabilities
When we talk about disability we mean ahealth problem that makes it very difficultto do everyday things.
Very often, these difficulties are caused byother people, not just the health problem.
We use intellectual disability in thisreport. In some countries people call this alearning disability.
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What we know about disability
There are more people withdisabilities
About 15 out of every 100 people in theworld has a disability. This is more peoplewith disabilities than we thought therewere 35 years ago.
Between 2 and 4 people out of every 100have really severe disabilities.
There are more people with disabilitiespartly because people live longer and aremore likely to become disabled, as theyget older.
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Other reasons are:
l more people are getting diseaseswhich can cause disabilities
l people cannot always get good healthcare
l people are disabled by war, roadcrashes or disasters like floods orhurricanes
l people do not eat the right food, or aretaking drugs or drinking too muchalcohol.
x
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Every disabled person is different
Disability can affect people in differentways:
l disabled women are often treatedunfairly because they are women andbecause of their disability
l children with hearing, sight orintellectual disabilities usually doworse at school than children withphysical disabilities
l people with mental health problems orintellectual disabilities find it moredifficult to get and keep jobs
l people with severe disabilities havemost problems getting the same rightsas other people.
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Some groups of people are morelikely to be disabled
People are more likely to have a disabilityif they:
l are poor
l are women
l are older
l do not have a job
l did not do very well at school.
There are more disabled children frompoor families or from minority ethnicgroups.
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Barriers for people with disabilities
It is usually other things that stopdisabled people being included, not justthings to do with their body or their healthproblem.
For example:
l people do not use rules properly togive children with disabilities thechance to go to school
l people do not expect children withdisabilities to do well
l people with disabilities do not get theservices and support they need
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l people with disabilities do not getgood quality services
l there is not enough money to pay forservices
l people with disabilities can find itdifficult to get around, communicateor use transport
l many people with disabilities are notinvolved or listened to. This stops themhaving choice and control
l people do not have enoughinformation about disability, and howdifferent things can affect disabledpeople.
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What this means for people withdisabilities
Their health is worse than other people.
They often do not do well at school.
They are often unemployed or in a jobwhere they do not earn much money.
They are more likely to be poor.
Often they are not part of their localcommunity. This can affect their familiestoo.
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How to change things
These ideas could help governments makethe lives of people with disabilities better.
Getting good health care
People with disabilities need:
l good, clear information
l communication in the way that worksbest for them
l buildings and services they can getinto and use
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l health care in places near where theylive
l more choice and control over theirhealth care
l money to help them pay for theirhealth care
l the chance to be involved in trainingpeople who give health care so theyunderstand about disability.
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People doing things for themselves
People need:
l early help and support before thingsget too bad
l services and support at home or closeto where they live
l technology like wheelchairs andelectrical gadgets that can help thembe more independent
l more well trained workers whounderstand about supporting peopleto do things for themselves
l services and organisations that worktogether to make sure there is enoughmoney for the support they need.
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Getting help and support
People with disabilities need:
l more support to live in theircommunity
l more services in the community
l better support for their families orother people who are not paid to carefor them
l support that is planned around theirindividual needs.
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Getting out and about and involved
People with disabilities need:
l to be able to use public buildings andtransport
l good information and communication
l new technology like phones andcomputers to help them be moreindependent
l to be involved in planning services thateveryone uses.
This will only happen if everyone looks forways to include people with disabilities.
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Doing well at school and college
Most disabled children do better in schoolsthat everyone uses.
Because children grow up and learntogether it can help other childrenunderstand about disability.
Children with disabilities need:
l rules to say they have the same rightto learn as any other child
l schools, support and learning plansthat meet their needs
l well trained teachers who know howto involve children with disabilities inordinary schools.
Plan
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Getting a job
Most countries have laws to say a disabledperson has the same right as anyone elseto get and keep a job.
People with disabilities need:
l people to think about changes thathelp someone with a disability do a job
l training and support to do the job
l support to keep their job if theybecome disabled when they areworking
l money to help them set up their ownbusiness
l benefits or other payments to makesure they have more money if theyhave a job than if they stay at home.
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What needs to happen
Things will change if services like health,housing and transport work together.
Governments must work with services,disabled people and their families, thepublic and other organisations.
Sometimes governments will need tosupport each other and share what theyknow.
We have written 9 recommendations orthings that need to happen.
Recommendations
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
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1. Make sure disabled people can use thesame services as everyone else.
2. Have services that support disabledpeople to do things for themselves.
This might mean giving people things like:
l wheelchairs or hearing aids
l training
l support workers.
3. Have a national plan for people withdisabilities.
4. Involve people with disabilities indeciding laws and planning services.
Plan
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5. Tell people about disability so that theyunderstand it better. This might meantraining staff so they can supportpeople with disabilities.
6. Make sure there are good quality services that disabled people can afford.
7. Help the public understand disability.
8. Collect better information aboutdisability.
9. Get better at research into disability.
Research is a planned and careful wayof finding out about things.
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Making things happen
Governments can do a lot of this work butother people can also get involved.
Governments can:
l make sure their laws give disabledpeople the same rights as everyoneelse
l have plans to make sure disabledpeople can use ordinary services
l have a national plan for disabledpeople
Plan
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l have rules about good quality servicesand check people stick to them
l make sure there is enough money,people and other things to make thenational plan work
l have rules about making sure disabledpeople can use buildings, services,transport and information
l find ways to stop disabled people frombeing poor
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l collect information about disabledpeople
l help the public understand aboutdisability
l set up ways for people to complain ifthey think disabled people are notgetting their rights.
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United Nations organisations can:
l use their work to support disabledpeople
l share information and work together
l help countries to get better atsupporting disabled people
l collect information about disabledpeople and include this in their reports
l help with research on disability
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Organisations for people withdisabilities can:
l help disabled people find out abouttheir rights and do as much as theycan for themselves
l support disabled children and theirfamilies to be included in ordinaryschools
l speak up for their members in theirown area, in their own country and inthe rest of the world
l get involved in checking the quality ofservices and help with research tomake services better
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l help other people understand aboutdisability
l check how easy it is for disabledpeople to use buildings, transport andservices.
People who run services can:
l find out what stops disabled peoplegetting involved and havinginformation
l involve people with disabilities intraining staff. Make sure staffunderstand disability
l work with people and their families towrite plans for their services andsupport
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l work with other services to keep andshare information to give people thesupport they need
l make sure people with disabilitiesknow about their rights and how tocomplain.
Universities can:
l make it easier for disabled people tobecome students or staff
l make sure their training tells peopleabout disabled people’s rights
l work with disabled people’sorganisations to do research aboutdisability
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Local communities can:
l think about how they treat disabledpeople
l find ways to include people in thecommunity
l make sure disabled people can uselocal schools and all the other thingsthat other people use
l stand up against bullying of peoplewith disabilities.
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People with disabilities and theirfamilies can:
l support each other and other familiesto get support, information and advice
l tell their local communities about therights of people with disabilities
l help people understand aboutdisability
l get involved in groups and meetingsthat can change things for people withdisabilities
l get involved in research to tell peopleabout what has happened to them.
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World governments have promised tosupport the rights of people withdisabilities.
This report says what things are like nowand what needs to change.
We hope these ideas will help make abetter world where disabled people canget involved, develop and grow.
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Credits
This paper has been designed andproduced for the World Health Organizationby the EasyRead service atInspired Services Publishing Ltd.Ref ISL 017/11. June 2011.
It has been checked for accessibility by theMaking It Easier Group of adults withlearning disabilities.
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