World Organisation for Animal Health

Seminar on the Dialogue and Common Activities between the OIE Member Countries of the European

Union and the other Member Countries of the OIE Regional Commission for Europe

TURKEY, 21-22 November 2005

15/11/2005 VB

OIE Standards on Quality and Evaluation of the National Veterinary Services;

use of new OIE evaluation tools, such as Performance, Vision ans Strategy

Guidelines

Dr. Jean Michel BERGESChargé de mission

OIE

Outlines

1. Introduction

2. Definitions and concepts

3. OIE policy regarding Veterinary Services

4. Quality of Veterinary Services according to the OIE Code

5. Evaluation of Veterinary Services

6. Conclusion

1 - Introduction1 - Introduction

1. TRANSPARENCY

To ensure transparency in the worldwide animal health and zoonoses situation

Sanitary Countries Status Recognition

2. SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION

To collect, analyse and disseminate worldwide scientific veterinary information

3. INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY

To provide expertise and encourage and influence international solidarity in the control of animal diseases

4. SANITARY SAFETY OF WORLD TRADE OF ANIMALS AND PRODUCTS

Within its mandate under SPS Agreement, to safeguard world trade by establishing animal health standards for international trade, as well as to act as mediator

5. PROMOTION OF VETERINARY SERVICES

To improve the infrastructure of Veterinary Services

6. FOOD SAFETY AND ANIMAL WELFARE

To provide a better guarantee of safety of food of animal origin and to promote animal welfare through a scientific based approach.

Introduction (1): the OIE Objectives & VS

Introduction (2)

Benefit of efficient VS: from trade safety to improvement of animal food production

1- Trade safety: International veterinary certificates

Reliable IVC early detection of animal diseases reliable chain of information and command - from the farm to the export point.

“Without good VS, all ICVs are only paper”

2- National benefits:

VS complying with OIE standards (implementation of international standards) improvement of domestic animal and public health increased / safer animal and food production, decrease of malnutrition and poverty

2 - Definitions and concepts2 - Definitions and concepts

Veterinary Administration

Veterinary Administration

Veterinary Administration: the governmental VS having authority in the whole country for implementing the animal health measures and international veterinary certification process (…), and supervising or auditing their application.

Veterinary Authorities

Veterinary Administration

Veterinary Authorities

Veterinary Authority: a VS, under the authority of the Veterinary Administration, which is directly responsible for the application of animal health measures in a specified area of the country. It may also have responsibility for the issuing or the supervision of the issuing of international veterinary certificates in that area.

Official veterinarians

Veterinary Administration

Veterinary Authorities

Private Vets / off. vets

Official veterinarian:a veterinarian - authorised by the Veterinary Administration of the country - to perform certain designated official tasks associated with animal health and/or public health and inspections of commodities and, when appropriate, to certify (…).

Veterinary para-professional

Veterinary AdministrationAdministration vétérinaire

Veterinary Authorities

Vet. Para-prof.

Veterinary para-professional: a person who […] is authorized by the veterinary statutory body to carry out certain designated tasks (dependent upon the category of veterinary para-professional) in a country, and delegated to them under the responsibility and direction of a veterinarian. The tasks authorized for each category of Veterinary para-professional should be defined by the veterinary statutory body depending on qualifications and training, and according to need.

laboratory workers, CAHW (community animal health workers)…

Private Vets / off. vets

Veterinary Statutory Body

Veterinary Administration

Veterinary Authorities

Vet. Para-prof.Vet. Statutory body:an autonomous authority regulating veterinarians and veterinary para-professionals.

Order, Chamber, professional organism…

Private Vets / off. vets

persons authorised

, registered or licensed

by the VSB

Veterinary Services

Veterinary Administration

Veterinary Authorities

Vet. Para-prof.

SV: the Vet. Administration, all the Vet. Authorities, and all persons authorised, registered or licensed by the VSB.

Private Vets / off. vets

persons authorised

, registered or licensed

by the VSB

It’s the sovereign right of a Country to adopt the organisation it wants to:

the VS juridical status may be different (parastatal bodies…)

some countries do not still work with private vets

some countries do not use the name of “VS” (“competent authority”)

etc.

…as far as in compliance with the Code’s requirements

3 – The OIE policy regarding 3 – The OIE policy regarding

Veterinary ServicesVeterinary Services

Priority objectives

Early detection of diseases –

Early response

Diagnostic capabilities

Animal movements control

Protection of the territory

Healthy animal production

Protection of human health / zoonoses

Confidence in certification

What is it possible to delegate to private component?

Animal health services

Zootechnical interventions

Individual treatments of animals

- special controls for certain products

- depending of national context

Vaccination - depending of national context

and animal species

Support to public service in case of

epizootics

(farmers organisations and private vets)

OIE: Promotion of concepts

Public good

International public goodex. of epizootic diseases

National public good ex. of enzootic disease (tuberculosis)

Insurance concept

Bioterrorism prevention

Animal welfare: link with animal health

Food chain control (animal origin products)

Control of animal diseases at the farm level

Abattoirs :

Animal health

Wholesomeness of meat

Food quality

Processing

Distribution

Food chain control

Vet. Services

4 - Quality 4 - Quality

of Veterinary Services of Veterinary Services

according to the OIE Codeaccording to the OIE Code

Quality of VS in the Code

Approach in the OIE Code:

requirements expressed in terms of OBJECTIVES and MEANS

Quality of VS in the Code

Fundamental principles of an:

♦ ethical,

♦ organisational, nature

♦ technical.

Confidence

The VS should conform to these principles regardless of the political, economic or social situation of their country

Quality of VS in the Code

These principles should equally apply to other competent authorities:

♦ organisation other than the VS, ♦ authority or organisms acting on behalf of the VS…

The VS retain ultimate responsibility for the application of these principles

Fundamental principles of quality (1)

1. Professional judgement

2. Independence

3. Impartiality

4. Integrity

5. Objectivity

5 principles of an ethical nature

Fundamental principles of quality (2)

1. Professional judgement

Competence - for sound professional judgements Importance of initial and continuous Training

Personnel with

♦ qualifications♦ scientific expertise♦ experience

Fundamental principles of quality (3)

Personnel free from any ♦ commercial, ♦ financial,

♦ hierarchical, ♦ political ♦ or other pressures

which might affect their judgement or decisions.

2. Independence

Fundamental principles of quality (4)

The VS should be impartial.

Services delivered under reasonable and non-discriminatory conditions.

3. Impartiality

Fundamental principles of quality (5)

of each of VS personnel.

Any fraud, corruption or falsification should be identified and corrected

4. Integrity

Fundamental principles of quality (6)

The VS should at all times act in an

♦ objective, ♦ transparent manner

5. Objectivity

Fundamental principles of quality (7)

In a developing country, shrimps exporter to EU

residues were found…the payment of the agents in charge of certification was economically linked with the producers - and these agents‘ salary was terribly lower than the one of the workers in the shrimp plans. the veterinarians certifiers’ salary X 4 ↑ independence and integrity

example

Fundamental principles of quality (8)

6. General organisation

7. Quality policy

8. Procedures

9. Information, complaints and appeals

10. Documentation

11. Self-evaluation

12. Communication

13. Human and financial resources

8 principles of an organisational nature

Fundamental principles of quality (9)

Organisation adapted to the early detection, recognition and official notification of animal diseases

Surveillance / collection of the information relative to animal diseases to a national focal point, that notifies

Importance of the national chain of command

(…)

6. General organisation

Fundamental principles of quality (10)

Procedures related to: international veterinary certification activities prevention, control and notification of disease outbreaks epidemiological surveillance and zoning border controls and import regulations

With possible externalisation: diagnostic tests for animal diseases biological products for use in the diagnosis or prevention

of diseases

8. Procedures

Fundamental principles of quality (11)

internal and external systems of communication

administrative and technical staff, stakeholders and consumers

12. Communication

Fundamental principles of quality (12)

Responsible authorities should ensure that adequate resources are made available to implement effectively the activities.

13. Human and financial resources

In an African country:

70% of rural population

10% of the budget for agriculture

5% of witch for animal production

13. Human and financial resources

Fundamental principles of quality (13)

5- Evaluation 5- Evaluation of Veterinary Servicesof Veterinary Services

Confidence of partners Resources allocation

Purposes of evaluation (1)

Countries have the right to evaluate the VS of a potential trading partner:

- importing countries- exporting countries

1 – International exchanges

Any importing country not allowed by an exporting country to audit its VS has the right to deny any importation

Purpose of evaluation (2)

2 – Self-evaluation

Improvement of internal efficiency

Resources allocation at political domestic level

External resources if necessary

NB: An evaluation made by a trade partner can also be used for domestic purposes (budget), in particular for developping countries

organisation

requirements

default

“Irrelevant quality” - may apply to 30% of a viable organisation source of savings

Purpose of evaluation (3)

2 – Self-evaluation Efficiency improvement

Scope of evaluation (1)

Organisational structure of VS (including Vet. Statutory Body)

Human resources

Material (including financial) resources

Functional capabilities and legislative support

Animal health and veterinary public health control

Performance assessment and audit programmesTerrestrial Animal Health Code (2004) - Articles 1.3.4.2. to 1.3.4.11

(…)

Scope of evaluation (2)

human resources – fundingsinstitutional arrangementsfunctional capabilities, including the ability to enforce its decisions administration of education programmes for veterinarians and veterinary para-professionals legislative basis, including autonomy etc.

Participation in OIE activities and compliance with OIE Member Countries obligations Veterinary Statutory body

Who evaluates?

Self-evaluation = “1st party” evaluation

By VS of commercial partners = “2nd party”evaluation

[ By a third and independent body- if decided so by OIE Member countries = “third party” recognition] OIE

[OIE]

1st party

2nd party

3rd party

Outcomes of evaluation

Demonstrate that VS have capability for: - effective surveillance and monitoring of the health status of animals and animal products - either generally or for a specific animals or commodities group - accurate notification of findings to OIE - early response - credibility of international certification…

Essentially qualitative Emphasis on evaluation of quality of outputs and performance of VS

Relative ranking of criteria may depend on circumstances (one only zone; one only animal species with appropriated sanitary status…)

How to evaluate? (1)

Need to based on OIE Code Guidelines

Articles 1.3.4.3 to 1.3.4.13: evaluation criteria Article 1.3.4.14 : questionnaire

The OIE develops new tools:

With IICA: «Performance, Vision and Strategy (PVS) for national VS»

With the World Bank and other potential donors: a model to help the VS to present requests according to finance providers needs

How to evaluate? (2)

27 items

Objective: to prepare new policies and subsequent investments for national or international resources providers

In the process of application in the Americas - to be adapted further for other continents

Possible assistance of an external expertise

«Performance, Vision and Strategy (PVS) for national VS»

Human and Financial Capital

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%Human talent

Training

Funding sources

Stability of policies andprograms

Contingency funds

Political positions

Technical support fordecision

State XAverage M.E.

Technical Capability, Interaction with the private sector

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%Diagnostic capability

Emergency response capability

Quarantine

Surveillance

Information

Communication

Official representation

Accreditation

State Z Average

4 - Conclusion4 - Conclusion

The OIE and the VS

“None of the OIE objectives can be correctly

achieved without worldwide VS complying with OIE

standards”

The OIE and the VS (2)

“The OIE considers VS to be a International Public Good and their bringing into line with international standards as a public investment priority.”

official agreement OIE / World Bank in 2001

The OIE and the VS (3)

“We have to convince Governments that they have to comply with the international standards and invest more money in their VSin order to avoid potential great loses and new threats for neighbouring countries”

Tool = the CODE

The OIE recommands… (1)

The CVO should be as close as possible to the political decision making level in order to ensure the efficiency of the design and implementation of policies

The CVO should be recommended as the national Delegate to the OIE because all sanitary crisis have now to be managed also at international level without delay.

Member countries should manage not to change their Delegates too frequently…- for purposes of continuity, sustainability, and protection of national interests

The OIE recommands… (2)

It is more efficient and cost-efficient…

… to have a national chain of command, under the authority of the Veterinary Services, including animal health and zoonosis management as food safety of products of animal origin

… to manage all missions of VS within the same competent authority

“from the farm to the consumer” is the golden standard

NB: in about 70% of the European countries, VS are also competent in food safety, “from the stable to the table”

The OIE and the Veterinary Services

www.oie.int

Heading « the Veterinary Services »

OIE Collaborating Centre for the Training of Official Veterinarians

World Organisation for Animal HealthWorld Organisation for Animal Health

12 rue de prony75017 Paris, France

Tel: 33 (0)1 44 15 18 88 – Fax: 33 (0)1 42 67 09 87Email: oie@oie.inthttp://www.oie.int