world migration in figures - un.org · world migration in figures strengthening evidence -...

World Migration in Figures Strengthening Evidence - Improving Policy

Bela HovyChief, Migration Section, Population Division

Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)United Nations, New York

Side event to the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and DevelopmentOrganized by DESA, UNICEF and OECD

Thursday, 3 October 2013 6.15 - 7.30 pm Conference Room A, Conference Building, UNHQ, New York

Overview of Population Division estimatesTrends in International Migrant Stock

2005 revision (destination, M/F) 2008 (destination, M/F) 2013 (destination, M/F, age, origin)

2013 expansion made possible by UNICEF (funding) and World Bank (data sharing)

Who is a migrant? Foreign-born: living in another country

than where she was born (if not available, foreign citizens)

Refugees and irregular migration included

Main source: population censuses• Advantages: objective, measurable• Disadvantages: generally, not a measure of

flows, reasons, mobility, …

154 175221 232

United Nations, Population Division/DESA

The international migrant stock is increasing

International migrant stock, 1990-2050 (millions)

1990 2000 2010

2.9% 2.8%3.2%

Proportion of international migrants in total population

2013

3.2%

Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision

2050

1990-2000growth rate

(442)


(513)


(415)

South-South migration is as common as South-North migration

North8

1.9

millio

n (

35

%)

82.3 million (36%)

North

SouthSouth

53.7 million (23%)

2013

13

.7 m

illion

(6%

)


International migrant stock, 2013 (millions)



More than seven out of ten international migrants are of working-age

International migrant stock by age, 2013 (millions)

0 - 20 21 - 64 65+


35

171

26

Age

International migration:Major policy challenges

“Brain drain”• Emigration of skilled persons

Undocumented migration/ human rights• Insufficient channels for legal migration• Protection and respect of the human rights of all

migrants• Trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants

High tangible costs of migration• Lack of portability (skills, social security, diplomas, …)• Recruitment fees• Costs of transferring remittances


(1) “5 x 5 initiative” Reducing costs of transferring remittances 5

percentage points in 5 year

Costs are falling, but sufficient to reach target?

Source: Quarterly surveys, see http://remittanceprices.worldbank.org/

• Include similar target in post-2015 development agenda?

• Develop similar target for reducing recruitment costs?

What migration goals and targets?Area Target Indicator

Refugees achieve durable solutions, prevention (zero cases)

# of cases# of ratifications

Migrants, refugees

Meet quota (arr. , dep.) # of migrants, refugees

Human rights 100% ratification? HR violations? Discrimination?

Ratification of conventions

Trafficking and smuggling

Zero cases No. of cases prosecuted?

Integration Naturalization? Voting rights? Health, employment

Access to social services, labourmarket, …

Remittance costs “5x5” Avg. transaction costs

Recruitment Reduction of costs Avg. recruitment costs

Irregular migration

Reduce # of irregular migrants

# persons regularized


(2) improve evidence base

• 2006 High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development

• Various General Assembly resolutions

• 32 out of 250 recommendations of the Global Forum on Migration and Development (2007-2012) on improving data


Origin

Four out of ten African countries do not provide basic migration data

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Africa Asia Latin America& Caribbean

NorthernAmerica

Europe Oceania


Percentage of countries with data on sex, age and origin since 2000 census round

AgeTotal & Sex

How?

Improve censuses• National statistical offices, DESA (SD, PD)

Exploit administrative data• Ministries in charge of migration (permits, visa)

Leverage surveys• DHS, ILO, World Bank, MICS (UNICEF)

Provide access to micro-data• IPUMS, …

Build capacity Mobilize resources Involve Global Migration Group

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