workshop on climatic analysis and mapping for agriculture
DESCRIPTION
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION. INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIA E HIDROLOGIA - INAMHI. Workshop on Climatic Analysis and Mapping for Agriculture. Bologna – Italy 14 – 16 June, 2005. Manuel Carvajal Ecuador. Geographical Location. Northwest of South America Equator Line - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Workshop on Climatic Analysis and Mapping for Agriculture
Bologna – Italy 14 – 16 June, 2005
Manuel Carvajal
Ecuador
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIAE HIDROLOGIA - INAMHI
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Geographical Location
•Northwest of South America•Equator Line•Between Colombia and Peru, East of the Pacific Ocean
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Geographical Location
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•Elevation from 0 to 6310 m.a.s.l.•Three Natural regionsA) CoastalMostly PlainB) Highland“Andes Cordillera”C) AmazonPlainRain forest
Continental Topographical Conditions
A
B
C
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Climatic classification by Thornthwaite
• Water BalanceP = ET + ▲HS + I + E Where:P = rainfall ( irrigation if it is
done)ET = evapotranspiration▲HS = Variation of water soil
storageI = deep soil infiltrationE = runoff
• Hydric Index (lm)Im = 100 E – 60 D ETo Where: E = Humidity excess/annualD= Humidity deficit/annual
ETo Main factor
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• Seasonal Humidity Variation
With 2 components
Aridity Index
(Ia) = 100D/ ETP
Humidity Index
(Ih) = 100E/ ETP
“Climatic Type” by Thornthwaite
• Thermal Efficiency IndexOn function of yearly ETP (mm)Less than 142 to more than 1140
• Thermal Efficiency Concentration (TEC)
TEC = ETP summer months x 1000 ETP annual
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“Climatic Type” by Thornthwaite1. Highly Humid
(Tropical rain forest)
2. Humid (Tropical monsoon)
3. Sub humid (Tropical grassland)
4. Arid5. Temperate
humid6. Temperate dry7. Humid high
barren plain
12
34
5
6
7
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Crop Information
Common Name: BananaScientific Name: Musa paradisiacaVegetative Cycle (months):12 Elevation (m.a.s.l.):Max. 1500 Min. 5 Opt. 150Rainfall (mm): 500 to 1200 annualTemperature (°C): Max. 32 Min. 15 Opt. 22 to
26Sunshine (sun hours):1200 annual
m.a.s.l = meters above sea level; Max = maximum; Min= minimum;Opt = Optimum
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Crop Information
Common Name: Roses & CarnationScientific Name:Vegetative Cycle (months):12 Elevation (m.a.s.l.):Max. 2000 Min. 2800 Opt.
2400Rainfall (mm): 1000 Temperature (°C): Max. 25 Min. 10 Opt. 13 to
21Sunshine (sun hours):1200 - 1400
m.a.s.l = meter above sea level; Max = maximum; Min; minimum;Opt = Optimum
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Crop Information
Common name: cassava Scientific name: Manihot utilissima Vegetative cycle (months): 9 Elevation (m.A.S.L.):Max. 2500 min. 200 opt. 500 Rainfall (mm):1200 Temperature (°C): max. 32 min. 15 opt. 20 to 26 Sunshine (sun hours):1500
M.A.S.L = meter above sea level; Max = maximum; Min; Minimum;Opt = optimum
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Questions• Elevation (m.a.s.l.) and temperature has
direct relation• Is temperature range and sunshine the main
factors?Because from our point of view:• Rainfall rarely be in amount enough to
satisfy water crop necessities, so rainfall is something like a guide but not a constraint parameter?
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• Humidity has relationship with rainfall and temperature, is necessary to agroclimatic classification?
• Soil variability is not a constraint, because it could be improved.
• What do you think about agroclimatic classification by Bagnolus – Gaussen or Koppen?
Questions
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Italian Scientifics…. is Pavari or Pignatti a methods than can be applied to our particular conditions?
• THEN….
Please answer the questions and help us to make a good work in agroclimatic mapping
Questions
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Thanks
INAMHI
www.inamhi.gov.ec
AGROMETEOROLOGY
Iñaquito N14-36 y corea
Quito - Ecuador
Telefax: (593-2) 224 1874 / 224 8268