worksheet key ch 8,912-1-2011-92937am
TRANSCRIPT
Name Date Class
CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULASim
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Chapter Test A
A. MatchingMatclt each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A.Write the
letter of the correct desciption in the blank.
Column A Column B
ft I. cation a. any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge
2, anion b. lVhen two elements combine to form more than one
compound, the different masses of one element thatcombine with the same mass of the other element are inthe ratio of small whole numbers.
3. law of definite c. tightty bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and
proportions carries a charge
4. acid d. a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved
in water
5. base e. a compound composed of two different elements
6. lawofmuttiple f. anyatomorgroupofatomswithapositivecharge O
proportions 53
7. polyatomic ion g. In all samples of the same chemical compound, the Felements are always combined in the same proportion gby mass. b
tB. monatomic ion h. a compound that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved
=in water €g. Lrinary compound i. consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge g
=
B. Multiple ChoiceChoose the best arcswer and write its letter on the line.
E6
>
ooa
rl- r0. The correct name for the N3- ion is the:
a. nitrate ion.b. nitric ion.
c. nitride iond. nitrite ion.
224 Core Teoching Resources
Name *
fLJ
kht_A
Date
11, Elements of Group 4A:a. generaliy form positive ions.b. generally form negative ions.c. do not commonly form ions.d. do not combine with other elements.
12. What is the ionic charge onthat has the formula CrrOr?a. 3+b. 2-
Class
the chromium ion in the ionic compound
c. 5-d, 5+
c. phosphorusd. bromine
13. \tVhich element when combined with chlorine would most likely forman ionic compound?a. lithiumb. carbon
15.
16.
17.
14. \\trat is the formula for calcium hydrogen phosphate?a. CaHPOnb. CarHPOn
c. Ca(HrPOizd. Ca(HPOJ,
A cation is any atom or group of atoms with:a. a positive charge"b. no charge.c. a negative charge.d. more electrons than the corresponding atoms,
The cation Fe3+ is formed when:a. an atom of ircn loses two electrons.b. an atom of zinc loses two electrons.c. an atom of iron loses three electrons.d. an atom ofiron gains three electrons.
A molecular formula:a- gives information about molecular geometry.b. can be written for ionic compounds,c. shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule of a
compound.d. uses superscripts to show the number of atoms of each kind.
The'metals in Groups 1A', 2A, and 3A:a. gain electrons when they form ions.b. form ions with a charge found by subtracting 8 from the
group number.c. all form ions with a 1* charge.d. lose electrons when they form ions.
\Nhen naming an ion of a transition metal that has more than onecommon ionic charge, the numericalvalue of the charge is indicatedby a:
a. prefix.b. suffix.c. Roman numeral following the name.d. superscript after the name.
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19.
Chapter 9 ChemicalNomes ond Formulas 229
Name
C-Date Class
20. in naming a binary molecular compound, the number of atoms ofeach element present in the molecule is indicated by:
2L.
tt
a Roman numerals.b. superscripts.
a. H2S2
b. H2s04
c. prefixes.d. suffixes.
H2SO3
HrS
An -ite ot -ate ending on the name of a compound indicates that thecompound:a is a binary ionic compound.b. is a binary molecular compound.c. contains a polyatomic anion.d, contains a polyatomic cation.
lVhat is the formula for sulfuric acid?c.d.
C. CompletionFiII in the word(s) that will make each staternent true.
23. The ionic charge of lead, Pb, in the compound pbS, is .. -23
24, The typical ionic charge of an ion formed by an element inGroup TAis 24
,r. +/+24. -l
iovtS*\dr-
25,
26,
27.
28.
9s
Atoms that have a positive or negative charge are called ?F -.
fhe name of a monatomic anion ends in 26
The ionic charge of chlorine, Cl, in the compound MgCl, is27
2,5.
26,
27. I
In a polyatomic ion, the -ite ending indicates one feweratom than the -ate ending.
Binarymoiecular compounds are composed of mro 29
zB ze.@5
zo. Yt 0 tA - vl,,ru.*Z'[r
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o=
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a
-@I=-=
->
=
30.
elements.
30. Acids are compounds that produce 30 . ions when dissolvedin water.
D. ProblemsWrite the answers in the space prouided.
31. Write the formulas for these compounds.
a. magnesium cyanide
b. mercury(Il) bromide
c. sulfur hexafluoride
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23O Core Teaching Resources
Name Date Class
COVALENT BONDING
Chapter Test A
A. MatchingMatch each description tn Column B with the correct term in Column A.Write tkeletter ofthe correct description on the line.
Column A
coordinate covalent bond
trT2
A
t,J- ,.
P { dfu"s
2. nonpolar covalent bond b(.
hydrogen bond
double covalent bond
dispersion force
6. molecular formula
7. structural formula
B. polar bond
9. triple covalent bond
Column B
shows the kinds and numbers present in amolecule of a compound
chemical formula that shows the arrangement ofatoms in molecules and polyatomic ions
a covalent bond between tvvo atoms of differentelectronegativities in which the bondingelectrons are not shared equally
I irlt"ru"tion caused by the motion of electrons
/ a covalent bond formed by the equal sharing of' bonding electrons by two atoms ,.
f. a covalent bond involving two pairs of electrons;each atom donates one pair of electrons to thebond
i.
a covalent bond in rnrhich three pairs of electronsare shared by two bonded atoms
substance in which all of the atorns arecovalently bonded to each other
a covalent bond between two atoms in which thesli'ared electron pair comes from only one of theatoms
force that occurs when a hydrogen atom that is
covalently bonded to a very electronegative atornis also weakly bonded to an unshared pair ofelectrons in the same or a nearby molecule
4.
5.
6)
oq=-oo\
4eg=€-iio=-=
>=,a
=a
s
h.
t
l-It I 10. network solid
196 Core Teaching Resources
Name Date Ciass
B. Multiple ChoiceChoose the best answer and write its letter ait the line.
L/ ll. \Mhich of these elements does nat exist as a diatomic molecule?
12. Which one of the following compounds is nor covalent?
a. Ib.F
a. SCl,b. Kcl
a, NO,b. K"o-h
'o*'c-
u$ g*J..^'-'-E
- Yu* t b'^'tl
d_E t3
c.Hd. He
c. HCId. s2cl2
D@ 13. How many valence eiectrons does an atom of any halogen have?a. 1 c.4
fuo')
15.
b. Brr. d. oz'
A moiecule of nitrous oxide, NrO, I N - N --+ ij .orrtuirrs all of thefollowiirg except
D,..a. acoordinate covalentbond.b. a triple bond.
b. tH:o.t-
c, a double bond.d. nonbonding pairs of electrons.
d. t'o:H;-
t7.
If a bonding pair of electrons is unequaliy shared between t'vvo atoms, , Lorhe bond is A - fltd, "w'(a. ionic. c. coordinate covalent. - lt d
-
"l-( u"
b. nonpolar covalent. d. polar covalent. Ld ,", -,,\ r'
\Alhatistheelectrondotstructureforwater? 6u L JU/"
;.;:idl:;i ". u:H: / p9 n6,H /)t
b. H:H:O: d. H:O: tr"j,'H w 0' '*^u\{hich of the following compounds is not ionic? fu! -t ',,
a, Nar c. co, Cg- )-lY*i
b. CaCl, d. NarO W , Oo' ,- *uf
t.'ilf,:"fii:i:ffHff".omesanobregas. .#^ :M b"
b. when atoms share electrons. n v' / 0t -
c. berween metals and nonmetals. .1 v
d. when electrons ale transferred from one atom to another,
l.Vhatis the electron dot structure for the polyatomic ion OH-?a. I:o: Hl- c' tH::ol-
18.
19.
20.
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o-o
Lo
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2f. Which of these compounds would nothave covalent bonds?c. NrOud. H2o2
Chapter I Cavalent Bonding 197
N
'9 zz. A*orr",,)Ral;;;;; *ot",', bond isarA/^
ame
VDl-Jate
purturca law
-L-LC. QuestionsAnswer the following questions in the space prauided.
28. Draw structural formulas for the following substances.
a Br2 ; 6; * B'r!l.?'
b.Nz "N=U:
c. CO ", C7O:
29. State whether the following compounds contain polar covalent bonds, nonpolarcovalent bonds, or ionic bonds. (You may refer to the table of electronegativitieson the top of the next page.)
a. KF
b. so2
c. NO,
d. HBr
23. Chlorine is a gas, bromine is a liquid, anddifferences in the strength of theira. hydrogenbonds.b. dispersion forces.
a. COr. c. NO.b. Fz, d. Nr,
Class
iodine is a solid because of
dipole interactions.polar bonds.
c.d.
24.
25..
26.
lVhen H+ forms a bond with HZO to form hydronium ion, H*O+, thisbond is called a coordinate covalent bond becausea" both bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom.b. it is an especially strong bond.c. the electrons are equally shared.d. the oxygen no longer has eight electrons surrounding it.
l\rhich of the following molecules has one lone pair of electrons?a. CHnb. HCI
Which of the following is the weakest?a. hydrogen bondb. polar covalent bond
The carbon tetrachloride molecule isa. four-cornered..b. square.
dipole interaction
;# r-
c. HrOd. NH3
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c.d. *J9*'c.d.
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t98 Care Teaching Resources
Name Date Class
The following covalent molecules have only single covalent bonds. Draw anelectron dot structure for each one,
a. HBr *-k1 c. PClu
rl
b' H2oz u _-b':_ - Htt ,,9, i9:, .
C \.,ti Q s
r9
r\
(,D. Essay
Reference Section
Electronegativities0
l- H"-4h 5A 6A zA l-
1A
H__lz:l z^ 3ALi
I.0Be
1.5
B
2.0C
2.5N
3.0o
3.5
F
4.4 TNa. 0.9
Mgt.2
AI1.5
Si1.8
P
2.1
S
2.5CI
3.0Ar
K0.8
Ca1.0
Ga1.6
Ge1.8
As2.0
Se
2,4Br
2.8Kr
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E. Additional Questions and ProblemsAnswer the follawing in the space prouided. Show your work.
32. Calculate the total energy needed to dissociate all the bonds in one mole ofethyl alcohol, CzHsOH. (Assume lhat the total energy is the sum of theindividual bond dissociation energies.) The structural formula of ethyl alcohoi is
HH11
Hr-C- C*H4lH O_H
BondH*HC*Hc-oo*HC_C
Energy (kJ/mol)435393356464347
C r)x5 *[c-d + (o'{)
Chapter 8 Covalent Bonding 199
Name Date Class
33. With the aid of a diagram, describe how the overlap of one 2p orbitalfrom eachof two atoms forms a sigma bond, but the overlap of the remaining two 2porbitals from each atom forms pi bonds.
C $- e-Wft o -- cnf*[q
lndicate the hybrid orbitals used by each carbon atom in thecompound. The carbons are numbered for easy reference.
'tv - ST&n -b7 - s,{u orr "r lap
t(7<p qe
,l)
5p3 /
H4 lsc-c-H8)r\5pb
H1 .2 lsH-C:C -C -
35. Draw elecfton dot structures for PClu and SFu. (.Iy'lnr; These compounds areexceptions to the octet rule.)
t F
ri : iF,'
i -, . | .t;,.
'e-Ptl'r rb{t'{
lf!:. 'r 'r,iq t' ,t ',1 " t;lu f/,t's
" glr^" l'{ s**'lvts q'b
ti^'-l ilto't 'l' W r
ds\r\ '? ,[i ,,.,,' i'l' f['
eY, :ti'Yti* tno!9r,, ,b4 i"l./
@rcoaod
na=ne
='€oT
ae=-c@
-=l>;€-6@
@
=
itl 4w+ pt
d{q cp}jr&l|l., eo rfl" "-$r'^
2OO Core TeochinE Resources