woodland and plains indians

Woodland and Plains Indians

Woodland IndiansTribes• Iroquois• Wampanoag• Cree• Algonquin

Woodland IndiansHabitats

Woodland Indians live in two different types of homes. They live in WIGWAMS and LONGHOUSES.

Longhouses ->

<- Wigwams

Woodland IndiansHabitats- Wigwams

• Made from trees and bark• Rounded roof• Rounded shape protects from weather: rain, wind, snow• 10-16 ft. wide


•Built fires in the middle of the Wigwam•Used fires to heat the home and for cooking•At top of Wigwam there is a hole for smoke to escape•1-2 families live in

Woodland IndiansHabitats- Longhouses

•Trees-long poles/ bark•Rounded Roofs•300 ft. or longer•Many fire pits- used for warmth and cooking•Holes in the top to let smoke escape


•Villages near river for water and fish•Many villages•Palisades: fence around village• 10-12 ft. poles• 1 entrance/exit• Protected against

others


•As many as 30 families live in•Space to live, sleep, and store belongings: like an apartment house•Mother, father, children, and grandparents •In longhouses, families lived together mom, dad, grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles

Plains IndiansTribes• Crow• Comanche• Blackfoot• Lakota

Facts:• Nomadic: moved with

the buffalo• Little shelter because in

the plains• Change in

temperatures: hot and cold

Plains IndiansHabitats

Plains Indians live in TEPEES.

Plains IndiansHabitats-Tepees

•Easy to build, take down and move around•Made from buffalo hides and poles•Easily taken apart•Tie poles- stretch hide•Large tents•Face east: wake up with the sun•Decorated with paintings


•Fire pit in the middle of the tepee with rocks surrounding•Used for heating and cooking•Hole on top of the tepee to let smoke escape•Buffalo skins used to protect against winds• Keeps cool in the summer• Keeps warm in the winter


•One family per tepee•Slept on buffalo robe•Store baskets of food and clothes•Villages are smaller • Easy to move

across the plains when smaller

Woodland IndiansResources/Food

•Natural Resources: land or raw materials, supplied by nature• Forest for harvesting• River ways•Men: made tools and used plants for tying, hunted•Women: planted seeds, were farmers, harvested crops- corn, beans, squash, sunflowers, pumpkins, and gourds


•Women: made clay pots for cooking and water•Cooking- roasted on sticks or stones or clay pots•Dried food stored for winter below house (cooler)


•Animals used for meat and clothing•Animals eaten: deer, black bear, fox, raccoon, wolf, rabbit, owl, snake, wild turkey, and moose•Skins- clothing, blankets, and bags

•Other Food eaten:• Wild Fruits (could be dried):

apples, strawberries, roots, and mushroom• Nuts: walnuts and acorns• Vegetables: corn and wild

rice• Maple Sugar• Fish/Shellfish/Clams/Crabs• Turtle



•Resources:• Rivers- water and fish• Bark- houses and

boats• Wild Plants: medicine,

food, baskets• Fish/Shellfish/Clams/

Crabs: food, shells for crafts• Turtles: eat, musical

instruments


•Used all parts of the corn- corn to corn husk; very resourceful•Leaves/shoots are vegetables - Some of them were brewed

Plains IndiansResources/Food

•Fire used for cooking•Roasted meat on a stick or boiled with vegetable to make stew•Some cut to strips and dried with smoke from the fire•Food was not always fresh; dried food lasted months when food was scarce


•Men: left family to hunt•Depended on buffalo (bison)- food, shelter, clothing•Only hunted what they needed and didn’t waste anything

http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Pictures/buffalo_pg1.html#Buffalo_Pictures_1


•Mostly ate meat•Women also picked herbs and other wild plants•Before hunted with horses- hunted on foot


Animals Hunted: bear, bighorn sheep, mountain goats, coyotes, pronghorn prairie chickens, grouse, eagles, meadowlark, buffalo deer, antelope, moose, elk, prairie dogs, rats


Buffalo hide- clothing, blankets, tepeesBuffalo robe- used to keep warmBuffalo-Skinned, stretched, scraped, washedHorns- toys, utensilBones- weapons, toolsWild plants- berries, vegetable, prairie turnips, plums, chokecherries

Woodland IndiansArt

•Used animal skins as canvas•Used berries to make colors•Made pottery from clay•Dolls and baskets from plants

Woodland IndiansArt

•Basket Weaving•Painting on Canvas•Wood Carving•Jewelry Making•Making of Dolls•Pottery•Dancing

Plains IndiansArt

•Petroglyphs•Stone Carvings•Jewerly•Cave Paintings

Plains IndiansArt

•Painting •Dancing•Story Telling

woodland and plains indians

Documents

different types of homes