women in power
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WOMEN IN POWER
HATSHEPSUT, PHAROAH OF EGYPTHatshepsut was ruled
Egypt for 20 years, from 1503 to 1482 BCE during the 18th dynasty
Hatshepsut married her half-brother Thutmose II, who ruled for 4 years before he died
Upon his death, Thutmose III, Thutmose II’s son by a concubine , was proclaimed king
Hatshepsut usurped the throne
Hatshepsut Depicts Herself as a Man!
Hatshepsut as a Sphinx!
Hatshepsut's Mummy was Identified in 2007
The mummy was found by Egyptologist Howard Carter, who also found Tut’s tomb
Hatshepsut was identified only recently when a tooth known to be hers and found elsewhere was matched to the mummy you see on the left
Theodora: Queen of Byzantium
Theodora was the wife of Justinian, the emperor of Byzantium from 527-565
Theodora was the daughter of a circus performer and was on the lowest social scale of anyone of the time
She was so beautiful, intelligent and witty that when Justinian fell in love with her, he had the law rewritten so he could marry her!
Theodora Ruled with JustinianHe gave her equal
control in the kingdomWhen the famous Nika
revolt took place, it was Theodora who calmed it with a moving speech about the role of monarchs
Theodora and Justinian transformed the city of Constantinople, making it one of the most beautiful of its day Interior of the
Hagia Sophia
The Hagia Sophia – Church of Holy Wisdom
Theodora's Contributions to Women
Theodora passed laws against enforced prostitution and set up homes for prostitutes
She helped women have more rights in divorce
She made it easier for women to own and inherit property
She enacted the death penalty for rape
Theodora at San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy
Queen Elizabeth I: 1533-1603
Queen Elizabeth
Father:Henry VIII
MotherAnne Boleyn
Edward de VereEarl of Oxford Sir Walter Ralegh
Elizabethan England
At a time when women were supposed to be “passive, silent and obedient,” Elizabeth dominated world politics, made England into a superpower and gave her name to the era in which she lived!
Chapter 11 for Athalia: Melakhim Bet
Like Hatshepsut, Athalia comes to power by usurping the throne!
, א וראתה � �הו ָי א ַח�ְז א�ם �ה �ֲע ת�ְלָי ו ; ) �ת��ָק�ם) ו �ה� ְּב�ָנ ֵמ�ת ��ָי ִּכ ר�א ת�ה ,
- , �ר�ע, ְז ��ְל ִּכ א�ת א�ְּב��ד �ת� ו.ה�ֵמ��ֵמְל�ִּכ�ה
1 Now when Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she arose and destroyed all the royal seed.
After six years of hiding Yoash in the Temple . . .
The kohain, Yehoyada, stages a coup with the king’s guard
As we see with Hatshepsut and Elizabeth, royal blood is valued
, יב - - ֲע�ְל�ָיו �ן ��ת� �ָי ו ְל�ְך ה�ֵמ�� ְּב��ן א�ת �ו�ִצ�א �ָי ו , - -� ְל�ִּכו ��ֵמ �ָי ו �ת ה�ֲע�דו א�ת ו �ר ��ְז ה�ָנ א�ת
, -- - ; ,� רו �אֵמ� �ָי ו �ִּכ�ף �ו ��ִּכ �ָי ו � ��ֵמָׁש!�ַח הו �ָי ו �א�תו ְל�ְך ה�ֵמ�� ַח�ָי .ָי
12 Then he brought out the king's son, and put upon him the crown and the insignia; and they made him king, and anointed him; and they clapped their hands, and said: 'Long live the king.'
Here, the king’s
guard restorethe rightful heir to the
throne
As we saw in the age of Elizabeth, court intrigue and conspiracies were a natural part of palace life.
ע�ֵמ�ד יד ה�ֵמ��ְל�ְך ��ה ה�ָנ ו �ר�א �ת� ו , ה�ָׁש#��ר�ָים- ו �ט ��ֵמ��ָׁש!ָּפ� ִּכ �ד ה�ֲע�ֵמ�ו ֲע�ְל
- , - ֲע�ם ִּכ�ְל ו ה�ֵמ��ְל�ְך א�ְל ה�ַח ִצ�ִצרו�ת ו ; , ְּב��ַח ִצ�ִצרו�ת ת�ָק�ֲע� ו ָׁש#�ֵמ�ַח� ה�א�ר�ץ
, - �ָקר�א �ת� ו ָיה� ְּב�ָג�ד� א�ת �ה ֲע ת�ְלָי �ָקר�ע �ת� וָק�ָׁש!�ר .ָק�ָׁש!�ר
14 And she looked, and, behold, the king stood on the platform, as the manner was, and the captains and the trumpets by the king; and all the people of the land rejoiced, and blew with trumpets. Then Athaliah rent her clothes, and cried: 'Treason, treason.'
The Pretender to the Throne is Slain
, טז �ְּבו�א �ת� ו �ד�ִים ָי �ְל�ה� ��ָׁש#�ֵמו �ָי וְּב��ָית- ָים �ִס� ה�ִס�ו ֵמְּבו�א ��ר�ְך ד
�ֵמ�ת; �ת�ו ו ,ה�ֵמ��ְל�ְך.ָׁש!�ם
16 So they made way for her; and she went by the way of the horses' entry to the king's house; and there was she slain.
Powerful Women Were Rare in the Ancient World
Today women can havepower in the workplace and at home
But the ancient world has shown us women can be just as ruthless as men
No matter who has power, it has to be used well
With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility