WMO

World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water

WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS)

Task Team to Regulatory Material

Geneva, Swiss19 – 24 Nov. 2012

Wenjian ZhangDirector, Observing and Information Systems Department

World Meteorological Organization

A challenge:

The evolving observing systems

A challenge:

The evolving observing systems

The continuing changing observing systemCourtesy, S. Brönnimann

WWMOMO IINTEGRATED NTEGRATED GGLOBAL LOBAL OOBSERVING BSERVING SSYSTEM YSTEM

(WIGOS)---Background(WIGOS)---Background

WMO Global Observing Systems

Global Observing Systems (WWW/GOS) RBSN, RBCN (>10,000 stations,1,000 upper-air) AMDAR (39754/day) Ship & Marine obs (30417/day) Surface-based remote sensing Meso-scale networks

WMO Space Programme Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) World Hydrological Cycle Observing System (WHYCOS) WMO Co-sponsored Observing Systems

GCOS, GOOS, GTOS

Need an Integrated Global Observing System to meet all requirements in a cost –

effective manner

WMO Cg-16 (2011) decisions to Implement

WWMOMO IINTEGRATED NTEGRATED GGLOBAL LOBAL

OOBSERVING BSERVING SSYSTEM YSTEM

(WIGOS)(WIGOS)The key word is Integration:

promote synergy among systems

The whole is more than the sum of the parts--Aristotle

EC-64 (June 2012):Approved WIGOS Implementation Plan

Extraordinary Congress:WIGOS will contribute to Observations

and Monitoring Pillar of GFCS

Latest Major Decisions on WIGOS

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6

KEY ACTIVITY AREAS FOR WIGOS IMPLEMENTATION

1. Management of WIGOS implementation (EC, RAs, TCs, ICG)

2. Collaboration with WMO and co-sponsored observing systems (inclu. Space agencies & satellite operators)

3. Design, planning and optimized evolution4. Integrated Observing System operation and

maintenance5. Integrated Quality Management6. Standardization, system interoperability and data

compatibility7. The WIGOS Operational Information Resource 8. Data and metadata management, delivery and archival9. Capacity development10. Communication and outreach

How WIGOS contribute to GFCS ?Observing the Earth as a Complex System

• WMO systems collaboration (WIGOS oversight board within WMO)

• Collaboration with space community

• Collaboration with GCOS, GOOS, GTOS, GEO

CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionSurface TemperatureEvaporationCurrentsUpwelling

CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionSurface TemperatureEvaporationCurrentsUpwelling

InfiltrationInfiltrationRunoffRunoffNutrient LoadingNutrient LoadingSurface TemperatureSurface TemperatureCurrentsCurrents

InfiltrationInfiltrationRunoffRunoffNutrient LoadingNutrient LoadingSurface TemperatureSurface TemperatureCurrentsCurrents

Surface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionEvaporationTranspirationSurface Temperature

Surface WindsPrecipitationReflection and TransmissionEvaporationTranspirationSurface Temperature

LandLand

Ocean

Atmosphere

WIGOS Framework Implementation Plan Key Activity Areas for WIGOS Implementation

2. Collaboration with WMO and co-sponsored OSs

Develop guidance, mechanisms and procedures for engagement coordination and collaboration with partner organizations

2014 ICG-WIGOS

Partners

Develop the Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space (ACMS) focusing on GFCS four priorities

2013-2015 CGMS

CEOS

CBS, WMOSP

Examine and recommend areas where closer regional cooperation and coordination would be beneficial

2012-2015 Satellite user conferences •EUMESAT•Asia/oceania, •NOAA

Establish closer collaboration at the national level, within NMHS, with other government agencies, and with potential external data providers

2012-2014 Members

RAs

WIGOS Framework Implementation Plan Key Activity Areas for WIGOS Implementation

3. Design, planning and optimized evolution

Complete RRR practices, procedures, responsibilities and mechanisms for all systems and agreed app. areas

2013-2014 CBS Other TCs

Define GFCS new requirements

Develop procedures for and carry out a design for WIGOS at the global scale

2012-2015 planning and optimizing space constellations

Evolve and implement OSs in Regions following the technical guidance of TCs as represented in the EGOS-IP and other observation system implementation plans

2013-2015 WMO Regional Associations: Regional satellite data and products requirements

Dr. W. Zhang, WMO Presentation @ 9th European Space Weather Week, Brussels10

Members’ organizations and

programmes

10

WMO Rolling Requirements Review process

“Statement of

Guidance”

and

Implementation Plan

for observing

capabilities

(Actions,Recommen

d)

RequirementsRequirements

Requirements

RequirementsGap Analysis

on observations

Derived variables

Performances

Space and ground-based instruments

VISION FOR THE GOS IN 2025

• Integration– The GOS will have evolved to become part of the

WIGOS, which will integrate current GOS functionalities, which are intended primarily to support operational weather forecasting, with those of other applications:

• climate monitoring,• oceanography, • atmospheric composition, • hydrology, and • weather and climate research;

VISION FOR THE GOS IN 2025• Integration

– Integration will be developed through the analysis of requirements and, where appropriate, through sharing observational infrastructure, platforms and sensors, across systems and with WMO Members and other partners;

– Surface and space-based observing systems will be planned in a coordinated manner to cost effectively serve variety of user needs with appropriate spatial and temporal resolutions.

Observational Requirements under WIGOS Framework

Inclusion requirements of

– Weather, DRR– Climate (GFCS,

GAW..),– Water (WHYCOS,..)– Environment (GAW,

Health) – Co-sponsored

observing systems

WIGOS Space component

• From weather satellite to WIGOS space component

• CGMS new baseline with greatly enhanced global satellite constellations to meet WWW, GFCS, GAW, WHYCOS,GCW etc .. Operational requirements.

• Challenges to enhance greatly space and ground capabilities

WMO OMM

WIGOS Framework Implementation Plan; Key Activity Areas

1. Management of WIGOS implementation

Develop, revise and update WMO Regulatory Material (Technical Regulations)

Cg-17 (2015)

ICG-WIGOS

Incorporate WIGOS into structures and procedures of TCs and RAs

2012-2014 TCs

RAs

ICG-WIGOS

Provide annual reports and recommendations to EC & Cg

EC-65

EC-66

Cg-17

ICG-WIGOS

Develop Regional WIGOS Plans 2012-2013 RAs

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Res. 11.3/1 (Cg-XVI) -IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WMO INTEGRATED GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM (WIGOS)

• Decides to implement WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) during 2012-2015 as one of the major efforts of WMO;

• Requests The Executive Council to: • Monitor, guide & support the

implementation of WIGOS;• Establish an Inter-Commission

Coordination Group on WIGOS (ICG-WIGOS);

Three Legal Governance Pillars of WMO

Since 1951, WMO Cg-I

Manage WIGOS Implementation through Integrated TR

---Setting WIGOS Regulations and Standards---Promote recommended to standard practices and procedures

Update WMO Technical Regulations: engage all observing systemsStandard practices and procedures Recommended practices and

proceduresnecessary for Members to follow or implement

desirable for Members to follow or implement

distinguished by the use of the term shall distinguished by the use of the term should

status of requirements status of recommendations

defined in a technical resolution

Members shall do their utmost to implement

Members urged to comply with

Article 9(b) of the Convention is applicable Article 9(b) of the Convention is not applicable

Members shall inform SG of inability or impracticability of implementation

No requirement

GR 128 is applicable GR 128 is not applicable

Example: Revision of WMO Technical Regulations (Manual, etc) --- WIGOS Space component

• 2.1.2 Missions• The satellites should be equipped at a

minimum to provide the following missions:(a) Imagery and sounding missions: satellites

should be equipped to provide characteristics meeting user requirements to the greatest extent possible, independently or in conjunction with surface-based observations, quantitative data and qualitative information to enable determination of:

– (i) Fields of atmospheric temperature and humidity;

– (ii) Temperatures of sea and land surfaces;

– (iii) Wind fields at the surface and aloft;– (iv) Cloud amount, cloud type, cloud top

height and temperature, and cloud water content;

– (v) Precipitation;– (vi) Snow and ice cover;– (vii) Total column ozone;– (viii) Vegetation cover;– (ix) Radiation balance data.

• 2.1.2 Missions The satellites should be equipped at a

minimum to provide the following missions:(a) Imagery and sounding missions: satellites

should be equipped to provide characteristics meeting user requirements to the greatest extent possible, independently or integration with surface-based observations, data, products and information to enable determination of:

• (i) Fields of atmosphere: mainly:– Temperature, humidity– Greenhouse gases, total ozone and

ozone profile, reactive gases– Wind fields at the surface and aloft;– Cloud amount, type, top height and

temperature, and cloud water content;– Precipitation, including chemical

composition of precipitation;– Earth radiation balance data

• (ii) Surface variables: mainly– Temperatures of sea and land

surfaces; different level of sub-surface– Snow and ice cover, including ocean,

polar regions and cryosphere;– Soil moisture, hydrological variables– Flooding areas, fires, Vegetation cover;

Possible revised versionCurrent version

WMO OMM

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Conclusion remark

• Benefits of WIGOS– Enhanced Members’ ability to meet expanding

national mandates and achieve higher national and international visibility –including space agencies;

– WIGOS provides a framework for improved collaboration and coordination within and beyond WMO;

• WIGOS is both: challenges and opportunities for building up synergies among us, a win-win strategy for our future

Thanks for your attention !!

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WMO Cg-16 (2011) Decisions on Five Key Priorities for 2012-2015

Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)

WMO Integrated Global Observing System/WMO Information System (WIGOS/WIS)

Capacity building Disaster Risk Reduction Aeronautical meteorology

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Credit of WMO: Great advances in Weather Forecasts with great CGMS contributions:Continue of success: in the Realm of Climate Services need even greater

support from all WMO Members and Technical Commissions

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Thank youThank you

MerciMerci

СпасибоСпасибо

GraciasGracias شكشكرارا

谢 谢 谢 谢

WIGOS: WIGOS: http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/wigos/index_en.htmlhttp://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/wigos/index_en.html

data• WIGOS will enhance developing value-

added products and make them available to worldwide users for promoting satellite products utilization

products Variables

knowledge

Investment in Science and technology for quality

products and utilizations

WMO OMM

WIGOS Framework Implementation Plan v.1.0

Key Activity Areas for WIGOS Implementation 5. Integrated quality management

Develop WIGOS Quality Management guidance, mechanism, practices and procedures to include monitoring

2014-15 Contributions from CGMS members

Examination of current quality management practices being used by WMO observing programmes.

2014-15 Satellite products quality improvement strategy-HLPP

WMO OMM

Accuracy, PrecisionRepresentativenessMeasurement traceabilityLong-time series stabilityReducing uncertainty……

Ensure the quality of the observations from space meet GFCS requirements

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Training event, Jincheon, Republic of Korea, October 2012

26

LEO-LEO intercalibration

More on: http://gsics.wmo.int

•Routine IR inter-calibration against IASI and AIRS on simultaneous overpass

• VIS and MW calibration under developmentGEO versus LEO

Global Space-based Inter-calibration System (GSICS)

CMA-CNES-EUMETSAT-IMD-ISRO-JAXA-JMA-KMA--NOAA-NASA-NIST-Roshydromet-USGS-WMO

Data for Applications

WIGOS: OPERATIONAL CYCLE

User Consultation

Rolling Review of

Requirements

Design and Planning

Performance Monitoring &

QC

Data Dissemination and Storage

ImplementationOperation & Maintenance

Data for Applications

WIGOS: KEY OPERATIONAL FEATURES

Consult Users RRR

Desig

n

and

Plan

Mon

itorin

g &

Q

C

Data Dissem

and Storage Implem

ent

Operate & Maintain

Global Standardization

Strategic Integration

Data and Metadata Discoverability, Accessibility,

Recoverablilty (DAR)

Measurement Traceability

Interoperability

Compatability

Agreed Observations Practices

Multi-purpose Observations

Spectrum Management

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Res. 2/2 (EC-LXIII) - INTER-COMMISSION COORDINATION GROUP ON THE WMO INTEGRATED GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM (ICG-WIGOS)

• Decides: To establish an Inter-Commission Coordination Group on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (ICG-WIGOS)– Three EC Focal Points on ICG-WIGOS

• Dr MOURA, PR of Brail, WMO first vice-president• Mr ČAČIĆ, PR of Croatia, President of RA VI • Mr SUTHERLAND, PR of Caribbean Met. Organization

– Chair, Mr Branski, CBS President, at last CBS he delegated to VP of CBS, Sue• Members are Representatives from all WMO Technical Commissions and

Regional Associations– Three Task Teams:

• Task Team on WIGOS Implementation Plan (TT-WIP)• Task Team on WIGOS Metadata (TT-WMD)• Task Team on WIGOS Regulatory Material (TT-WRM)

– In addition to ICG activities,

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Processes to translate Services requirements into Observational specifications

Datasets

Products

Observation &Monitoring

Instruments

Specifications: Instrument type, Orbit, Scanning mode, Spectral bands, Channel width, SNR, …

Observational requirements:Geophysical variable, Unit, Domain, Spatial resolution, Temporal resolution, Uncertainty …

Source, Format,Projection, Segmentation, Quality flag, Compression,Metadata…

Product requirements: Type (numerical, graphical, binary, alert), Algorithm, Spatial/temporal resolution, Quality control

Service requirements: Content, Presentation, Delivery media, Timeliness, Continuity, User support, Training, .. Services

USERS’ needs

USERS’ satisfaction

WMO OMM

WIGOS Framework Implementation Plan v.1.0

Key Activity Areas for WIGOS Implementation 6. Standardization, system interoperability and data compatibility

Develop guidance for WIGOS standards and document the implemented standards, including best practices, procedures on instruments, methods of observations, data products, etc.

2013-2015 Contribution from CGMS members with satellite systems, data and products standards

Develop and maintain the Standardization, Operational and RRR databases.

Cg-17 ICG-WIGOS

WMO OMM 7. WIGOS information resource

Design and develop the WGOS Information Resource

2013-2015 Secretariat supported by space agencies for the initial development

Investigate the need for a database describing the Global Observations Products (Satellite Data and products are key parts)

Satellite products database from CGMS members

Survey WMO Members on what they could offer to support development and operations of WIGOS Information Resource

2012 WIGOS PO

Collect, maintain and provide the metadata required by WIGOS support tools

Cg-17 CGMS members

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Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review (OSCAR) concept

www.wmo.int/oscar

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Review of a capability: IR sounding from LEO

PM

AM

Gap in early morning

WMO OMM8. Data and Metadata management, discovery, delivery and archival

Develop WIGOS metadata standards and guidance practices for maintenance of and access to WIGOS metadata

2013-2015 Metadata on Satellite platform, instruments, operation,data, products, etc

To initiate and develop a mechanism and outreach strategy for the integration of relevant observation data and associated metadata.

2012-2013 ICG-WIGOS

Outreach activities targeting more observational data available through WIS

2014-2015 Members

(support from WIGOS PO)

WMO OMM

Eumetsat Conference, Darmstadt 2008

WIGOS Metadata will enhance climate products generation:Orbital drift is most pronounced for afternoon satellites; NOAA - 7, 9, 11, 14. From Grody