GENERATIONS OF WIRELESS NETWORK

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2011Submitted to:

Mam Sana Yousaf

Submitted by:

Zarnigar Altaf

BCS VI

02-03-2011

Mobile Communication and Networks

WIRELESS NETWORK

Wireless networks utilize radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers. Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.

A wireless network offers advantages and disadvantages compared to a wired network. Advantages of wireless include mobility and elimination of unsightly cables. Disadvantages of wireless include the potential for radio interference due to weather, other wireless devices, or obstructions like walls.

GENERATIONS OF WIRELESS NETWORK

1G - The first generation

1G refers to the first-generation of wireless telephone technology, mobile telecommunications. It was using analog telecommunications standards that were introduced in the 1980s. It has the ability to transfer calls from one site to the next as the user travelled between cells during a conversation, as 1G was based on Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) for transfer between cells. It was very vague and had a low capacity. These services are provided with circuit switching. This allows users to make voice calls in 1 country.

2G -The second generation

In the 1990s, the 'second generation' mobile phone systems emerged; primarily using the GSM standard. It was their first major upgrade when they went from 1G to 2G. This leap effectively took cell phones from analog to digital. With this second generation introduced a new variant of communication called SMS or text messaging. Across the world, many operators adopted the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) standard, which used Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)• Planned for voice transmission with digital signal and the speeds up to 64kbps• 2G was the digital handsets that we are used today, with 2.5G representing handsets with data capabilities over GPRS

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3G - The third generation

As the use of 2G phones became more widespread and people began to utilize mobile phones in their daily lives, it became clear that demand for data services (such as access to the internet) was growing. If we can expect 3- 5 mbps of speed, which is actually equal to cable/DSL kind of speed in to a moving device! That’s what all about 3G. This enabled faster data-transmission speeds, greater network capacity and more advanced network services, basically turns your cell phones to a mini computer.Another thing to be noted in case of 3G is that Wide Band Voice Channel, by this the world has been contracted to a little village because a person can contact with other person located in any part of the world and can even send messages too. 3G gives clarity of voice as well can talk without any disturbance simultaneously. Not only these but also have entertainments such as Fast Communication, Internet, Mobile T.V, Video Conferencing, Video Calls, Multi Media Messaging Service (MMS), 3D gaming, Multi-Gaming etc are also available with 3G phones. It does this by using High speed downlink packet access and universal mobile telephone system.• Developed in the late 1990s until present day.• Japan is the first country having introduced 3G nationally.• It gives Global roaming facility.• Superior voice quality and video conference• Data always add–on services (e-mail, personal organizer, etc.)• Information for web surfing, music, news, corporate intranet, transportation service etc.• On-line shopping facility.• Transmission speeds from 125kbps to 2Mbps• In 2005, 3G is ready to live up to its performance in computer networking (WCDMA, WLAN and Bluetooth) and mobile devices area (cell phone and GPS)

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