Wireless Application Protocol

WAP- Wireless Application Protocol

GatewayWAPWEB

Server

Content

BrowserHTTP

IPWAP

Deck WML

WAP browsing exchange

Card1Deck &History

BrowserWAP

Gateway Web server Content/ApplicationDial

connection

Initial URLInitial URL Initial URL

Initial deck

Initial deckInitial deck

Initial deck

Initial card

Within deck

scripting

HREFHREF URL

HREF URLHREF URL

New deckNew deckNew deck

New deckNew cards

CardX phone

WTAIDrop

Dialconnection

WAP Protocol Stack

Wireless Markup Language

WAP Binary XML Content Format

Wireless Session Protocol (incl. HTTP1.1)

Wireless Transaction Protocol

Wireless Transport Layer Security

Wireless Datagram Protocol (or UDP)

bearers

HTML

HTTP

TCP

IP

Samples

Wireless Markup Language - WML

• XML based Language• Emphasis, Alignment, Tables• Buttons (Navigation mechanisms)• Actions• Variables• Script• Images - WBMP & local & alternate text

Wireless Markup Language

Prologue (XML/WML version)

DeckTemplate (defaults for cards in deck)

Card…Do…Paragraphs

Input

Sample deck<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN"

"http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml"><wml><template>

<do type="options" label="Help"><go href="#helpcard" />

</do><!- - <do type="options" label="Back"><prev/></do> -->

</template><card id="intro" title="Intro">

<do type="accept" label="Go!" optional="false"><go href="#startcard"/> </do>

<p>Welcome to myWAP!</p></card><card id="startcard" title="Content"><p>In the wonderful world of <em>WAP</em>, there is much intro, but no content.</p></card><card id="helpcard" title="Help"><p>As usual, no help is available</p></card>

</wml>

More examples

Phone.comMicrosoft

Accept

Back

Form processing<wml><card id="login" title="login"> <onevent type="onenterbackward"><prev/></onevent> <do type="accept" label="outbox" optional="false"> <go href="#outbox"/> </do> <p><img localsrc="outbox" src="" alt=""/>To:<input name="email" emptyok="false" maxlength="128" format="*a\@*a"/><br/>Password: <input name="pwd" type="password" maxlength="32" format="*N"/></p></card> <card id="outbox" title="Outbox" ontimer="#send"> <onevent type="onenterbackward"><prev/></onevent> <timer name="thinktime" value="100"/> <do type="accept" label="send"><go href="#send"/> </do> <p>Send '$(pwd)' to $(email)?</p></card> <card id="send"> <onevent type="onenterforward"> <go href="http://mango/cgi-bin/wap-send-email.sh?$(email)"/></onevent> <onevent type="onenterbackward"><prev/></onevent> <p>Failed to send to $(email).</p></card></wml>

Dynamic WML

Same techniques as for HTML, but set content-type

Detect agent type (name, supports, …)Cookies & rewritingAvailable buttons, e.g. backScreen sizeImage support

Gateways

• Identity• Compilation• Size restriction• Speed• Limit of size of the WEB accessible

gateway CaptiveWEB

wireless

Compress+Security cookies

Browsers

PhonesPDAsSimulators

Browser consistency• Buttons• Cookies• History• Timers• FILE://• Cache bugs• Images• Bold/italic,…

• WMLscript• POST method• WTAI• Security• WML compilation• Proxy authentication

Limitations of technology

Screen size, resolution, colourInput devicesBandwidthLatencyDeck size

Future

More bandwidth (3G wireless)- • GPRS - General Packet Radio Service• UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecom SystemUser Agent ProfilesSecurityLocation determinationLocal services/always on

Alternative

NTT DoCoMo ‘iMode’

Unwired Planet (Phone.com) - HDML

Referenceshttp://www.wapforum.orghttp://developer.phone.comhttp://forum.nokia.comhttp://mobileinternet.ericsson.sehttp://www.developer.ericsson.com.auhttp://www.winwap.comhttp://www.microsoft.com/mobile/phones/mmehttp://www.nttdocomo.com

citron:/home/horton/doc/WAP/WAP.ppt (these slides)http://mango/home/… (for WML content type)http://zero:81/index.wml