wine lect1
TRANSCRIPT
8/21/2012
1
Introduction to Vines and Wines
Hort/VE 113 Fall 2012Session 1-Introduction
INSTRUCTOR: Dr. John Fellman (335-3454), 51 Johnson Hall, [email protected]
Introduction to Vines and Wines
TEACHING ASSISTANT: James Crabb (335-6586), 139 Johnson Hall [email protected]
ANGEL Course Management
Lecture materials, web assignments and e-mail are posted through the class learning site on ANGEL. University of Idaho students have been provided Idaho students have been provided access through their “Friends of WSU” accounts.
The URL for ANGEL is lms.wsu.edu.
8/21/2012
2
How did wine grapes get their name?
Vitis vinifera
–Vitis = from latin “vine”
–vinifera = “wine making”
Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’Genus species cultivated variety
“Syrah” is also known as “Shiraz” This grape isSyrah is also known as Shiraz This grape is quickly becoming one of the most popular wine grapes to grow and to drink!
8/21/2012
3
•They are one of the native fruits found in the U.S.
•These grapes are often called “fox” grapes.
Concord-type grapes are Vitis labrusca.
Note the fuzzy lower surface of a juice grape leaf.
8/21/2012
4
A direct descendant of the Concord. In 1868 C.L. Hoag and B.W. Clark of Niagara County, N.Y.made a cross of ‘Concord’ with white ‘Cassady’ grape.
Botanical description of grapes: • Woody perennial vine
• Fruit is a true berry
History of grape production
• Evidence of wine from about 7.5 thousand years ago--where?
• Domestication of grapes began about 5,000 years ago.
8/21/2012
5
History of grape productionA wine press, in front of an archaeological identification kit, and a vat, to the right of the press, were found in a cave near an Armenian village. The equipment dates back 6,000 years, scientists say. (Gregory Areshian)
"This is the oldest confirmed example of winemaking by a thousand years," said Gregory Areshian, an archaeologist and co-director of the dig. "People were making wine here well before there were pharaohs in Egypt."
Source: Washington Post Article January 11, 2011
History of grape production• Grapes also track development of
Western civilization!
H2 haplotype of H2 haplotype of Y chromosome follows this migration pattern as well.
The ancient Romans and Egyptians are credited with the first wine produced on a regular b i :
History of grape production
• Domestication of the vines
• Wine used as a trade product
• Part of the culture
basis:
8/21/2012
6
From: Wine Science 2nd ed. By R.S. Jackson
Temperature isotherms
From: Wine Science 2nd ed. By R.S. Jackson
Ideal Climate
8/21/2012
7
Ideal Climate
What is the value of grape production in the U.S.?
• In 2011 the total value of all grapes
Economic$
In 2011, the total value of all grapes (fresh, dried and processed) was $4.3 Billion.
• WASHINGTON? In the Top 10 of US!
Production EconomyIn 2011 U.S. grape production,
Washington ranked:
• Number 1 in juice grapes (“Concord” and “Niagara”)Niagara )
• Number 2 in wine grapes
Source http://nass.usda.gov
8/21/2012
8
Economic$In 2011, the Washington grape crop was
worth:
– Juice: $ 49.2 Million
– Wine: $ 189.4 Million
NOTE: These are actual valuesfor the grapes
In 2011, the California grape crop was worth about $3.9 Billion
–Wine: $ 2.1 Billion
Economic$
–Table: $ 950 M–Raisin: $ 865 M–Juice: the “residue”
• Source http://nass.usda.gov
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJnHLdGxhlcJ
Vintage - A History of Wine Part 1
Hugh Johnson