wind turbine
TRANSCRIPT
WIND TURBINES
• Presented by-SHAKIL MUHAMMAD
UET PESHAWARPAKISTAN
HOW WIND TURBINES GENERATE ELECTRICITY
First, let’s answer a very important question.
What are Wind Turbines?
Wind turbines are devices that convert the wind’s kinetic energy into Electrical energy.
First Wind Turbine
Made by :Charles.J.BrushIn1887.
Wind turbines have a variety of shapes and sizes…
Types of Electricity Generating Wind Turbines
Small
Large
Intermediate
KidWind Project | www.kidwind.org
But they’re all composed of the same 3 basic parts.
Basic Parts
A. Rotor Blades
Basic Parts
A. Rotor Blades
B. Shaft
Basic Parts
A. Rotor Blades
B. Shaft
C. Generator
Basic Parts
A. Rotor Blades
The rotor blades are the “wind catchers” of a wind turbine.
Basic Parts
A. Rotor Blades
They’re long projections that have aerodynamic designs.
Basic Parts
B. Shaft
The shaft is a rod that connects the rotor blades to the generator.
Basic Parts
B. Shaft
Its main purpose is to transfer the rotational mechanical energy of
the rotor blades to the generator.
Basic Parts
C. Generator
3 Basic Parts
Finally, the generator is a device designed to convert mechanical
energy into electrical energy.
C. Generator
3 Basic Parts
It uses the principle of electromagnetic induction.
Now that you know its basic parts, let’s understand how
wind turbines generate electricity.
Basic Processes
B. Converting to Electricity
A. Capturing Wind Energy
Basic ProcessesA. Capturing Wind Energy
Wind energy is captured using the wind turbine’s rotor blades.
Basic ProcessesA. Capturing Wind Energy
When wind passes through the blades, two aerodynamic forces are at work.
Basic ProcessesA. Capturing Wind Energy
LIFT
DRAG
Rotor Blade
After this, it’s time to convert the mechanical energy into electricity.
Basic ProcessesB. Converting to Electricity
When the rotor blades
turn,
Basic ProcessesB. Converting to Electricity
the shaft also turns.
Basic ProcessesB. Converting to Electricity
The Shaft then rotate
the generator
How Does a Generator Work?
KidWind Project | www.kidwind.org
Basic ProcessesB. Converting to Electricity
Which makes the generator
produce electricity!
Large Wind Turbines
• 450’ base to blade• Each blade 112’• 163+ tons total• Foundation 20+ feet deep• Rated at 1.5 – 5 megawatt• Supply at least 350 homes
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
You might notice that large wind turbines turn slowly.
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
On average, their rotor blades rotate at a speed of 20 rpm
(rotations per minute).
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
20 rpm is too slow to power up a generator!
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
Large wind turbines use a gearbox to increase the rpm from 20 rpm
to as much as 2000 rpm!
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
To understand the process, let’s examine these two gears:
Other Processes Involved
Gear A
Gear B
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
Gear A
Gear B
Gear A has 9 gear teeth
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
Gear A
Gear B
Gear A has 9 gear teeth
while Gear B only has 6.
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
Gear A
Gear B
Gear A has 9 gear teeth
while Gear B only has 6.This would mean that 1 revolution
of Gear A would be equal to 1.5 (9÷6) revolutions for Gear B.
Increasing RPM
Other Processes Involved
Gear A
Gear B
Gear A has 9 gear teeth
while Gear B only has 6.So if Gear A revolves at a rate of
20 rpm, Gear B would revolve at a faster rate of 30 (20×1.5) rpm.
Increasing RPM
Braking Mechanism
Other Processes Involved
Overspeeding of the rotor blades can cause malfunctions on the
wind turbine’s system.
Braking Mechanism
Other Processes Involved
This is why a braking mechanism should exist to limit the maximum
speed of the rotor blades.
*Benefits*
• Renewable Energy source• Enviromental Friendly• Electricity is produced in very low cost
*Summary*
END
Questions???