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Wind Energy
Content
• Wind Energy• Air Movement Principles• Available Wind Power• Classification of Wind Turbines• Wind Power Coefficient for Different Type Turbine• Aerodynamic Principle of Wind Turbine• Wind Potential• Uses of Wind Turbines
Wind Energy
• Wind energy is that obtained from wind, that is, that which is obtained from the kinetic energy generated by the effect of air currents and likewise the air vibrations produced.
Wind Energy
• The use of this type of energy was not exactly for sailboats, but windmills; and dates back to over 4000 years.
• They have been used for grinding grains, papermaking, and sawing wood.
• Windmills in Holland and the UK are used to pump water.
• This led to the development of wind turbines to generate power.
Air Movement Principles
First Principle• As a result of friction, wind speed is lower near the surface of the earth at the top of the atmosphere. The speed reduction is a function of terrain roughness.
Air Movement Principles
Second Principle• As a result of inertia, the wind tends to continue moving in the same direction even when it encounters an obstruction. Therefore flowing around objects like water flowing around a rock in a stream rather than push the object in any direction.
Air Movement Principles
Third Principle• Air flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. For example, when solar radiation heats the air in a prairie, lowering the pressure and causing it to rise, the air then flows into prairie coming from the surrounding forest where the air is at a lower temperature and higher pressure .
Air Movement Principles
Macroclimate
Air Movement Principles
Microclimate
Available Wind Power
The power available from the wind depends on:• Air density • Turbine cross sectional area • Air velocity
Available Wind Power
Are essential with high average wind speed• Minimum 4 m/s annual average• At higher altitudes, higher wind speed
Places of good winds• coastal areas• hills with great slopes• passages• open land• Valleys that channel the wind
Typically there is more wind• In winter than summer• During the day than the night
Available Wind Power
• Power Coefficient ( )
Available Wind Power
• System losses
Tip‐speed ratio = Vblade/Vwind
Available Wind Power12
Available Wind Power
Classification of Wind Turbines
• Horizontal axis turbines• They are the most common
• Vertical axis turbines• Darrieus type• Savonius type• Musgrove type
Classification of Wind Turbines
Horizontal axis turbines
Classification of Wind Turbines
Classification of Wind Turbines
Vertical axis turbines
Classification of Wind Turbines
Wind Power Coefficient for Different Type Turbine
Wind Turbine
Wind Turbine
Wind Turbine
Wind TurbineWind Farm Offshore
Wind Potential
Fuente:Recursos Renovables para la Producción de Electricidad en México. SENER, CFE
Wind Potential
Fuente:Recursos Renovables para la Producción de Electricidad en México. SENER, CFE
Wind Potential
Uses of Wind Turbines
http://www.aerotecture.com
Wind Energy